Smuggling and import duties in Myanmar

This paper examines the effects of import duties on smuggling in Myanmar. Following Fisman and Wei (2004), the reporting discrepancies between Myanmar’s imports records and corresponding exports recorded by trading partners are regarded as indicative of smuggling. The paper studies whether reporting discrepancies differ across trading partners as well as across time. Our main findings are first, that the hike in import duties in June 2004 helped to widen the reporting discrepancies, which suggests smuggling for tax evasion purposes and second, that reporting discrepancies differ considerably across trading partners: land borders appear to be particularly attractive venues for smugglers.Myanmar, Imports, Tariff, Smuggling, Myanmar (Burma), Tax evasion, Border trade

Analysis on International Trade of CLM Countries

Since their accession to AFTA, trade volumes of CLM countries have being grownrapidly while their trade patterns and directions have significantly changed.Recognizing the importance of international trade in CLM economies, this studyattempts to analyze the trade patterns of CLM countries based the gravity model.The empirical analysis is conducted to identify the determining factors of eachcountry’s bilateral trade flows and policy implications for promoting their trade

Analysis on International Trade of CLM Countries

Since their accession to AFTA, trade volumes of CLM countries have being grown rapidly while their trade patterns and directions have significantly changed. Recognizing the importance of international trade in CLM economies, this study attempts to analyze the trade patterns of CLM countries based the gravity model. The empirical analysis is conducted to identify the determining factors of each country’s bilateral trade flows and policy implications for promoting their trade.CLM Countries, ASEAN, East Asia, FTA, Bilateral Trade, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, International Trade

Smuggling and import duties in Myanmar

This paper examines the effects of import duties on smuggling in Myanmar. Following Fisman and Wei (2004), the reporting discrepancies between Myanmar’s imports records and corresponding exports recorded by trading partners are regarded as indicative of smuggling. The paper studies whether reporting discrepancies differ across trading partners as well as across time. Our main findings are first, that the hike in import duties in June 2004 helped to widen the reporting discrepancies, which suggests smuggling for tax evasion purposes and second, that reporting discrepancies differ considerably across trading partners: land borders appear to be particularly attractive venues for smugglers

Allopurinol causing generalized exfoliative dermatitis: a case report

Erythroderma is a scaly, erythematous dermatitis of the skin, which occurs in drug allergy, malignancy and underlying skin disorders. The diagnosis is challenging because the extent of skin involvement does not always correlate with the extent of internal organ involvement. Therefore, early recognition of symptoms is vital to minimize morbidity and mortality. Case report: A 52 years old man had asymptomatic hyperuricemia and prescribed allopurinol 300mg, daily. One month later, the rashes started to appear on his trunk and then progressed to the face and upper limbs. Then it continued to spread to the lower extremities. Management involves prompt cessation of the culprit drug, administration of corticosteroids and supportive treatment. It is Concluded that Allopurinol is commonly used in clinical practice for the treatment of symptomatic hyperuricemia and gout. It has been associated with erythroderma especially when used indiscriminately

ASEAN-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership (AJCEP) and Its Impact on CLM Countries

Since their accession to AFTA, trade volumes of CLM countries have being grown rapidly while their trade patterns and directions have significantly changed. Recognizing the importance of international trade in CLM economies, this study attempts to analyze the trade patterns of CLM countries based the gravity model. The empirical analysis is conducted to identify the determining factors of each country’s bilateral trade flows and policy implications for promoting their trade. The results indicate that CLM’s trade patterns are mainly affected by partner country’s GDP, the difference between per capita GDPs of two countries, distance, common border, and presence in particular FTA. Their trade relations with East Asian countries mainly China, Japan and Korea have yet to be exploited to their full potential. These findings suggest that CLM countries needs to promote their bilateral trade with countries in close proximity and having large economic size and high consumers’ purchasing power through accelerating their trade liberalization efforts in FTAs in progress

The Method of Problem Solving in Mahosadha Jataka

The aim of this paper is to find out 'a method of solving problem' with reference to the Mahosadha Jataka in Myanmar Buddhist literature. It is an attempt to identify that 'Which method Mahosadha used to solve the problem?' We may identify that the method used by Mahosadha is 'Hypothetico-Deductive'. The Descriptive Method will be used to make a brief survey of the Jataka to show how Mahosadha used this method of solving problem. The Evaluative Method will also be applied together with the relevant principle to justify that the way for solving the problem in the selected Jataka is 'Hypothetico-Deductive' and that the way of knowing in the Jataka belongs to the field of Epistemology. This paper can contribute to everyone to have more knowledge that a person's conduct or judgment must be in accordance with the universal standard or norms of the group to which he belongs

ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION IN MYANMAR WITH THE REFERENCE TO KOREAN EXPERIENCE

Entrepreneurship has long been recognized as a major contributor to country's economy and serve as a backbone of economic growth of developing economies. In Myanmar, the government endeavors to promote entrepreneurship and SMEs sector in its transition to market-oriented economy. However, SMEs in Myanmar are still facing several challenges to survive and compete with flooding numerous imported products under the context of regional economic integration. Among several important factors for SME development, entrepreneurial education is fundamental one to nurture start-up business and promote entrepreneurial activities. This paper aims to identify the needs for entrepreneurial education in Myanmar with the references to Korean experiences in promoting entrepreneurial activities. The study found that government’s role in building up and upgrading human capital is a main contribution factor of SME development in Korea. The government laid down the policies that nourish the capabilities of young generation and encourage them to engage in entrepreneurial activities. In Myanmar, even though entrepreneurial education programs have been offered by public organizations including universities and partly supported by private organizations including not-for-profit organizations, young generation are still weak in capabilities for new business start-ups. This paper proposed some policy recommendations for promoting entrepreneurial education in Myanmar