Residual foreign body in the neck after trauma results in the delayed rupture of the common carotid and internal jugular vein: a case report

INTRODUCTION: Trauma and foreign body residue occurring in different settings are common in the neck. Some small injuries go unrecognized, and vascular injuries caused by the sharp penetrating trauma of a foreign body are very dangerous. Without early diagnosis and treatment, foreign body residue remains a major cause of mortality. CASE PRESENTATION: A six-cm piece of wooden chopstick was not initially detected in the neck of a 24-year-old Chinese man presenting with a slight bleeding wound after a brawl accident. Three days later, the patient had an expanding neck hematoma and shortness of breath. Computed tomography revealed a dense shadow in the soft tissue of the left side of the patient’s neck, and surgical exploration found that a residual broken chopstick had resulted in a delayed rupture of the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein. CONCLUSION: A residual foreign body should be seriously considered after neck trauma because it can result in a lethal hemorrhage originating from a delayed rupture of blood vessels

Resource utilization: Preparation and Application of a sulfited Fat-liquor based on Waste beef tallow from Tannery

Content: Leather industry is one of many traditional, characteristic and ascendant industries. During the development of Leather industry, the problem of a certain the waste of resources and environmental pollution has been yielded. The waste tallow is one of the problems should be solved quickly. Based on the problem of the waste of resources and environmental pollution form the waste tallow during the leather industry, act waste beef tallow from tannery as raw material, detection of its physical and chemical properties, de-colorization, deodorization, amidation, esterification and sulfitation were done successively. Results suggested that the acid value and the saponification value of the waste beef tallow is 45mgKOH/g, 207mgKOH/g respectively. When 6% activated clay was used after 10% hydrogen peroxide, it has the best effect in decolorization and deodorization. When catalyzed by 1% sodium formate, n（ethanolamine）：n （waste beef tallow）is 4:1，the reaction temperature was 130~140oC and time was 2hrs, the acid value and hydroxyl value of the treated beef tallow is 15~30mgKOH/g, about 280mgKOH/g respectively. When the optimum dosage of sodium sulfite is 20%, the fatliquor obtained light yellow and good stability. The sheepskin garment leather fatliquored by this fatliquor is very soft. Take-Away: Modification of a sulfited fatliquor based on waste beef tallow. Application of this sulfited fatliquor. Other methods of modification of waste beef tallow

Vertices with the Second Neighborhood Property in Eulerian Digraphs

The Second Neighborhood Conjecture states that every simple digraph has a vertex whose second out-neighborhood is at least as large as its first out-neighborhood, i.e. a vertex with the Second Neighborhood Property. A cycle intersection graph of an even graph is a new graph whose vertices are the cycles in a cycle decomposition of the original graph and whose edges represent vertex intersections of the cycles. By using a digraph variant of this concept, we prove that Eulerian digraphs which admit a simple dicycle intersection graph have not only adhere to the Second Neighborhood Conjecture, but have a vertex of minimum outdegree that has the Second Neighborhood Property.Comment: fixed an error in an earlier version and made structural change

Use of adaptive thermal storage system as smart load for voltage control and demand response

This paper describes how a large-scale ice-thermal storage can be turned into a smart load for fast voltage control and demand-side management in power systems with intermittent renewable power, while maintaining its existing function of load shaving. The possibility of modifying a conventional thermal load has been practically demonstrated in a refrigerator using power electronics technology. With the help of an electric spring, the modified thermal load can reduce power imbalance in buildings while providing active and reactive power compensation for the power grid. Based on practical data, a building energy model incorporating a large-scale ice-thermal storage system has been successfully used to demonstrate the advantageous demand-response features using computer simulation of both grid connected and isolated power systems. The results indicate the potential of using ice-thermal storage in tall buildings in reducing voltage and frequency fluctuations in weak power grids

Transport is important in the carbon footprint of imported organic plant products.

Farmers or consumers may ask about the environmental implications when choosing organic products. Is it sustainable to buy organic products from China or South America? How much does the long-distance transport affect the climate and carbon footprint of the products? And does the organic production in the countries concerned benefit the environment? These are some of the questions raised – and the point of departure for a recently finalized PhD study

Oxygen dissociation on the C3N monolayer: A first-principles study

The oxygen dissociation and the oxidized structure on the pristine C3N monolayer in exposure to air are the inevitably critical issues for the C3N engineering and surface functionalization yet have not been revealed in detail. Using the first-principles calculations, we have systematically investigated the possible O2 adsorption sites, various O2 dissociation pathways and the oxidized structures. It is demonstrated that the pristine C3N monolayer shows more O2 physisorption sites and exhibits stronger O2 adsorption than the pristine graphene. Among various dissociation pathways, the most preferable one is a two-step process involving an intermediate state with the chemisorbed O2 and the barrier is lower than that on the pristine graphene, indicating that the pristine C3N monolayer is more susceptible to oxidation than the pristine graphene. Furthermore, we found that the most stable oxidized structure is not produced by the most preferable dissociation pathway but generated from a direct dissociation process. These results can be generalized into a wide range of temperatures and pressures using ab initio atomistic thermodynamics. Our findings deepen the understanding of the chemical stability of 2D crystalline carbon nitrides under ambient conditions, and could provide insights into the tailoring of the surface chemical structures via doping and oxidation.Comment: 23 pages,8 figure

Energy-based mechanistic approach for crack growth characterization of asphalt binder

The cohesive cracking within asphalt binders has a significant influence on fatigue cracking resistance of asphalt pavements. To more clearly understand the mechanism and accurately characterize the process of the cohesive cracking occurring within the asphalt binder, an energy-based mechanistic (EBM) approach is applied to determine crack length and the pseudo J-integral is adopted to calculate crack growth rate in this study. First, a critical strain level separating nonlinear viscoelasticity from damage is determined based on a statistical analysis approach, and the result indicates that 0.7% is a critical nonlinear strain level for unmodified asphalt binder. Then, the crack length of asphalt binders is derived based on a torque equilibrium equation and two energy balance equations, as well as crack length is measured and verified based on an image processing method. It is found that contact regions in cracked area of the asphalt binder are formed when performing a strain-controlled rotational shear load. The contact regions have two stages, which first increase to the peak and then decrease with the increase of loading time. Next, the crack growth rate is formulated based on the pseudo J-integral Paris’ law equation considering nonlinear viscoelasticity. A linear relationship between the crack growth rate and the function of material properties (such as shear modulus, phase angle) in double logarithmic scales is proven and experimentally verified. In addition, the Paris’ law parameters (n and A) associated with crack growth rate are determined. Results show that they are independent on strain levels and temperatures. For example, six values of n of the unmodified asphalt binder are approximately equal to 1.10 at 5%, 6%, 7% strain levels when test temperatures are 15°C and 20°C. They are inherent material properties for the asphalt binder