42,099 research outputs found
Probing the QCD Critical Point with Higher Moments of Net-proton Multiplicity Distributions
Higher moments of event-by-event net-proton multiplicity distributions are
applied to search for the QCD critical point in the heavy ion collisions. It
has been demonstrated that higher moments as well as moment products are
sensitive to the correlation length and directly connected to the thermodynamic
susceptibilities computed in the Lattice QCD and Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG)
model. In this paper, we will present measurements for kurtosis (),
skewness () and variance () of net-proton multiplicity
distributions at the mid-rapidity () and GeV/ for
Au+Au collisions at =19.6, 39, 62.4, 130 and 200 GeV, Cu+Cu
collisions at =22.4, 62.4 and 200 GeV, d+Au collisions at
=200 GeV and p+p collisions at =62.4 and 200 GeV.
The moment products and of net-proton
distributions, which are related to volume independent baryon number
susceptibility ratio, are compared to the Lattice QCD and HRG model
calculations. The and of net-proton
distributions are consistent with Lattice QCD and HRG model calculations at
high energy, which support the thermalization of the colliding system.
Deviations of and for the Au+Au collisions at
low energies from HRG model calculations are also observed.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, Proceedings of 27th Winter Workshon on Nuclear
Dynamics. Feb. 6-13 (2011
Discussion on Event Horizon and Quantum Ergosphere of Evaporating Black Holes in a Tunnelling Framework
In this paper, with the Parikh-Wilczek tunnelling framework the positions of
the event horizon of the Vaidya black hole and the Vaidya-Bonner black hole are
calculated respectively. We find that the event horizon and the apparent
horizon of these two black holes correspond respectively to the two turning
points of the Hawking radiation tunnelling barrier. That is, the quantum
ergosphere coincides with the tunnelling barrier. Our calculation also implies
that the Hawking radiation comes from the apparent horizon.Comment: 8 page
Exotic mesons from quantum chromodynamics with improved gluon and quark actions on the anisotropic lattice
Hybrid (exotic) mesons, which are important predictions of quantum
chromodynamics (QCD), are states of quarks and anti-quarks bound by excited
gluons. First principle lattice study of such states would help us understand
the role of ``dynamical'' color in low energy QCD and provide valuable
information for experimental search for these new particles. In this paper, we
apply both improved gluon and quark actions to the hybrid mesons, which might
be much more efficient than the previous works in reducing lattice spacing
error and finite volume effect. Quenched simulations were done at
and on a anisotropic lattice using our PC cluster. We
obtain MeV for the mass of the hybrid meson
in the light quark sector, and Mev in the
charm quark sector; the mass splitting between the hybrid meson in the charm quark sector and the spin averaged S-wave charmonium mass
is estimated to be MeV. As a byproduct, we obtain MeV for the mass of a P-wave or
meson and MeV for the mass of a P-wave meson, which are comparable to their experimental value 1426 MeV for the
meson. The first error is statistical, and the second one is
systematical. The mixing of the hybrid meson with a four quark state is also
discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures. Published versio
Authorization and access control of application data in Workflow systems
Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) are used to support the modeling and coordinated execution of business processes within an organization or across organizational boundaries. Although some research efforts have addressed requirements for authorization and access control for workflow systems, little attention has been paid to the requirements as they apply to application data accessed or managed by WfMSs. In this paper, we discuss key access control requirements for application data in workflow applications using examples from the healthcare domain, introduce a classification of application data used in workflow systems by analyzing their sources, and then propose a comprehensive data authorization and access control mechanism for WfMSs. This involves four aspects: role, task, process instance-based user group, and data content. For implementation, a predicate-based access control method is used. We believe that the proposed model is applicable to workflow applications and WfMSs with diverse access control requirements
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State-of-the-art on research and applications of machine learning in the building life cycle
Fueled by big data, powerful and affordable computing resources, and advanced algorithms, machine learning has been explored and applied to buildings research for the past decades and has demonstrated its potential to enhance building performance. This study systematically surveyed how machine learning has been applied at different stages of building life cycle. By conducting a literature search on the Web of Knowledge platform, we found 9579 papers in this field and selected 153 papers for an in-depth review. The number of published papers is increasing year by year, with a focus on building design, operation, and control. However, no study was found using machine learning in building commissioning. There are successful pilot studies on fault detection and diagnosis of HVAC equipment and systems, load prediction, energy baseline estimate, load shape clustering, occupancy prediction, and learning occupant behaviors and energy use patterns. None of the existing studies were adopted broadly by the building industry, due to common challenges including (1) lack of large scale labeled data to train and validate the model, (2) lack of model transferability, which limits a model trained with one data-rich building to be used in another building with limited data, (3) lack of strong justification of costs and benefits of deploying machine learning, and (4) the performance might not be reliable and robust for the stated goals, as the method might work for some buildings but could not be generalized to others. Findings from the study can inform future machine learning research to improve occupant comfort, energy efficiency, demand flexibility, and resilience of buildings, as well as to inspire young researchers in the field to explore multidisciplinary approaches that integrate building science, computing science, data science, and social science
Nonlinear Realization of Spontaneously Broken N=1 Supersymmetry Revisited
This paper revisits the nonlinear realization of spontaneously broken N=1
supersymmetry. It is shown that the constrained superfield formalism can be
reinterpreted in the language of standard realization of nonlinear
supersymmetry via a new and simpler route. Explicit formulas of actions are
presented for general renormalizable theories with or without gauge
interactions. The nonlinear Wess-Zumino gauge is discussed and relations are
pointed out for different definitions of gauge fields. In addition, a general
procedure is provided to deal with theories of arbitrary Kahler potentials.Comment: 1+18 pages, LaTe
Multivariate Nonnegative Quadratic Mappings
In this paper we study several issues related to the characterization of speci c classes of multivariate quadratic mappings that are nonnegative over a given domain, with nonnegativity de ned by a pre-speci ed conic order.In particular, we consider the set (cone) of nonnegative quadratic mappings de ned with respect to the positive semide nite matrix cone, and study when it can be represented by linear matrix inequalities.We also discuss the applications of the results in robust optimization, especially the robust quadratic matrix inequalities and the robust linear programming models.In the latter application the implementational errors of the solution is taken into account, and the problem is formulated as a semide nite program.optimization;linear programming;models
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