Local Density Approximation for Almost-Bosonic Anyons

We discuss the average-field approximation for a trapped gas of non-interacting anyons in the quasi-bosonic regime. In the homogeneous case, i.e., for a confinement to a bounded region, we prove that the energy in the regime of large statistics parameter, i.e., for "less-bosonic" anyons, is independent of boundary conditions and of the shape of the domain. When a non-trivial trapping potential is present, we derive a local density approximation in terms of a Thomas-Fermi-like model.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of QMath13: Mathematical Results in Quantum Physics, 8-11 October 2016, Atlanta, U

On the Geometry of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanical Systems

We consider some simple examples of supersymmetric quantum mechanical systems and explore their possible geometric interpretation with the help of geometric aspects of real Clifford algebras. This leads to natural extensions of the considered systems to higher dimensions and more complicated potentials.Comment: 18 page

Beyond expectations: the physiological basis of sensory-enhancement of satiety

Background/Objectives: Consumption of high-energy beverages has been implicated as a risk factor for weight gain, yet why nutrients ingested as beverages fail to generate adequate satiety remains unclear. In general consumers do not expect drinks to be satiating, but drinks generate greater satiety when their sensory characteristics imply they may be filling. These findings challenge traditional bottom-up models of how gut-based satiety signals modify behavior to suggest that beliefs at the point of ingestion modify gut-based satiety signaling. Subjects/Methods: Healthy volunteers (n = 23) consumed four different beverages, combining an overt sensory manipulation (thin, Low Sensory, LS, or thicker and more creamy, Enhanced Sensory, ES) and covert nutrient manipulation (low energy, LE, 78kcal; high energy, HE, 267 kcal) on different days. Effects on satiety were assessed through rated appetite and levels of glucose, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and cholesystokinin (CCK) recorded periodically over 90 minutes, and through intake at an ad libitum test lunch. Results: Intake at the test lunch and rated appetite were both altered by both the sensory and nutrient manipulations, with lowest intake and greatest suppression of hunger post-drink in the ESHE condition. Insulin increased more after HE than LE drinks, and after ES than LS drinks, while PP levels were higher after ES than LS versions. CCK levels only increased after the ESHE drink. Conclusions: These data confirm acute sensitivity of satiety after consuming a drink both to the sensory characteristics and nutrient content of the drink, and suggest that this may be at least in part due to top-down modulation of release of satiety-related gut hormones

Association between parental age and asthma in a population-based register study

In a nationwide population-based study with family design, we found an association between decreasing parental age and asthma in early childhood. The effect was independent of familial and potentially confounding factors.NoneAccepte

Multiple sclerosis and psychiatric disorders : comorbidity and sibling risk in a nationwide Swedish cohort

Background: Psychiatric disorders are known to be prevalent in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Objective: To study comorbidity between MS and bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and depression in a nation-wide cohort and to determine whether shared genetic liability underlies the putative association. Methods: We identified ICD-diagnosed patients with MS (n=16,467), bipolar disorder (n=30,761), schizophrenia (n= 22,781) and depression (n=172,479) in the Swedish National Patient Register and identified their siblings in the Multi-Generation Register. The risk of MS was compared in psychiatric patients and in matched unexposed individuals. Shared familial risk between MS and psychiatric disorders was estimated by sibling comparison. Results: The risk of MS was increased in patients with bipolar disorder (hazard ratio [HR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-2.2, p<0.0001) and depression (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.7-2.0, p<0.0001). MS risk in schizophrenia was decreased (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9, p=0.005). The association between having a sibling with a psychiatric disorder and developing MS was not significant. Conclusion: We found a strong positive association between MS and bipolar disorder and depression that could not be explained by genetic liability. The unexpected negative association between MS and schizophrenia might be spurious or indicate possible protective mechanisms that warrant further exploration.Stockholm County CouncilThe Swedish Research CouncilKarolinska InstitutetAccepte

Allergen-specific IgE over time in women before, during and after pregnancy

The trajectory of IgE levels before, during and after pregnancy in sensitized individuals is characterized by significant increase in specific IgE to birch allergens but not to other allergens after multiple testing. This increase may warrant some surveillance in the antenatal care for those with clinical symptoms.The Swedish Research CouncilThe Swedish initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social And Medical Sciences (SIMSAM) framework grant no 340-2013-5867Stockholm County Council (ALF-projects)The Strategic Research Program in Epidemiology at Karolinska InstitutetDepartment of Clinical Sciences at Danderyd HospitalSwedish Medical Research CouncilSwedish Heart-Lung FoundationSwedish Asthma and Allergy Association’s Research FoundationAccepte

Individual maternal and child exposure to antibiotics in hospital : a national population-based validation study

Aim: Exposure to antibiotics in early life may affect future health. Most antibiotics are prescribed in outpatient care, but inpatient exposure is also important. We estimated how specific diagnoses in hospitals corresponded to individual antibiotic exposure. Methods: All pregnant women and children from birth to five-years-of-age with infectious diseases and common inpatient diagnoses between July 2005 and November 2011were identified from the Swedish National Patient Register. Random samples of individuals from pre-defined groups were drawn and medical records received from the clinics were manually reviewed for antibiotics. Results: Medical records for 4,319 hospital visits were requested and 3,797 (88%) were received. A quarter (25%) of children diagnosed as premature had received antibiotics and in children from one to five-years-of-age, diagnoses associated with bacterial infections were more commonly treated with antibiotics (62.4-90.6%) than those associated with viruses (6.3-22.2%). Pregnant women who had undergone a Caesarean section were more likely to be treated with antibiotics than those who had had a vaginal delivery (40.1% versus 11.1%). Conclusions: This study defines the proportion of new mothers and young children who received individual antibiotic treatment for specific inpatient diagnoses in Sweden and provides a useful basis for future studies focusing on antibiotic use.Swedish Research Council, 2011-3060Swedish Initiative for Research on Microdata in the Social And Medical Sciences (SIMSAM), 80748301 and 340-2013- 5867Stockholm County Council (ALF)Swedish Heart Lung FoundationStrategic Research Program in Epidemiology at Karolinska InstitutetManuscrip

The observed association between maternal anxiety and adolescent asthma : children of twin design suggest familial effects

BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that maternal anxiety is associated with asthma in the adolescent child, but mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between maternal anxiety and maternal, self- and register-based report of asthma in the adolescent child, and whether the association remains after control of familial confounding (shared environmental and genetic factors). METHOD: From the Twin and Offspring Study of Sweden, 1691 mothers (1058 twins) and their adolescent child were included. The association between maternal self-reported anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP) somatic or psychic anxiety) and asthma based on subjective (maternal or child report) or objective (register-based diagnosis and medication) measures were analysed using logistic regression. The children-of-twins design was used to explore whether genes or environment contribute to the association. RESULTS: Maternal BAI anxiety (OR 2.02, CI 1.15-3.55) was significantly associated with adolescent asthma reported by the mother. Maternal KSP somatic anxiety (OR 1.74, CI 1.04-2.91) and psychic anxiety (OR 1.74, CI 1.05-2.86) was significantly associated with breathlessness reported by the adolescent child. In contrast, maternal anxiety was not associated with increased risk for the register-based outcomes of asthma diagnosis or medication. The results remained also after adjusting for covariates and the children-of-twins analyses which indicate that the association was due to familial confounding. CONCLUSIONS: We found some associations between maternal anxiety and subjectively reported offspring asthma or breathlessness which may be due to familial effects. A likely candidate for explaining this familial confounding is heritable personality traits associated with both anxiety and subjective measures of asthma.NonePublishe

The relationship between the insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, weight loss, an inflammation-based score and survival in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer

&lt;b&gt;Background &#38; aims:&lt;/b&gt; The involvement of a systemic inflammatory response, as evidenced by the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), is associated with weight loss and poor outcome in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. There is good evidence that nutritional and functional decline in patients with advanced malignant disease is associated with catabolic changes in metabolism. However, defects in anabolism may also contribute towards nutritional decline in patients with cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, performance status, mGPS and survival in patients with inoperable NSCLC. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; 56 patients with inoperable NSCLC were studied. The plasma concentrations of IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and leptin were measured using ELISA and RIA. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The patients were predominantly male (61%), over 60 years old (80%), with advanced (stage III or IV) disease (98%), with a BMI≥20 (84%), an ECOG-ps of 0 or 1 (79%), a haemoglobin (59%) and white cell count (79%) in the reference range. On follow-up 43 patients died of their cancer. On univariate analysis, BMI (p&#60;0.05), Stage (p&#60;0.05), ECOG-ps (p&#60;0.05), haemoglobin (p&#60;0.05), white cell count (p&#60;0.05) and mGPS (p&#60;0.05) were associated with cancer specific survival. There was no association between age, sex, treatment, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, IGF-1:IGFBP-3 ratio, or leptin and cancer specific survival. With an increasing mGPS concentrations of haemoglobin (p&#60;0.005) and IGFBP-3 (p&#60;0.05) decreased. mGPS was not associated with either IGF-1(p&#62;0.20), or leptin (p&#62;0.20). &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; In summary, the results of this study suggest that anabolism (IGF-1 axis) does not play a significant role in the relationship between nutritional and functional decline, systemic inflammation and poor survival in patients with inoperable NSCLC