Variables relacionadas con la reducción de la satisfacción de los usuarios de emergencias

The information received by patients about the severity of their condition, the type of tests to be performed, or the average waiting time in the service are factors that influence their degree of satisfaction and, therefore, their possible anger and/or aggressiveness. Users' discomfort can sometimes lead to violence towards health workers, and this, in turn, can lead to the commonly associated physical and psychological consequences. Our main objective is to explore the relationship between the waiting time, patients' perceived satisfaction with the service, as well as the other variables under study. We used a cross-sectional design was used to evaluate 320 hospital patients in the Region of Murcia (Spain). Our indicate that receiving information about their process, waiting time until the doctor's consultation, the degree of satisfaction with the professional, and the resolution of the doubts are predictors of the degree of overall patient satisfaction with the clinical experience.La información recibida por los pacientes sobre la gravedad de su condición, el tipo de pruebas a realizar o el tiempo promedio de espera en el servicio son factores que influyen en el grado de satisfacción. La incomodidad de los usuarios a veces puede conducir a la violencia hacia los trabajadores de salud, y esto, a su vez, a las consecuencias físicas y psicológicas comúnmente asociadas. Nuestro objetivo es explorar la relación entre el tiempo de espera, la satisfacción del paciente con el servicio y otras variables de interés. Se utilizó un diseño transversal para evaluar a 320 pacientes hospitalarios en la Región de Murcia (España). Los resultados indican que recibir información sobre su proceso, el tiempo de espera hasta la consulta, el grado de satisfacción con el profesional y la resolución de dudas son predictores del grado de satisfacción general del paciente con la experiencia clínica

Profiles of lateral violence in nursing personnel of the Spanish public health system

Background Workplace violence in healthcare settings has long been studied in scientific literature, particularly in the nursing profession. Research has explored mostly user violence probably for its high prevalence and impact on health and job satisfaction. Yet this focus may overshadow another dangerous type of workplace violence: coworker violence. Exerted by co-workers with similar status, lateral violence differs from that yielded by a co-worker with a higher rank, known as vertical. This study aims to deepen the knowledge about lateral violence perceived by nurses and its interaction with other variables commonly associated with workplace violence in healthcare: burnout, job satisfaction, and self-perceived health. Method A random block sampling was performed, prompting a total sample of 925 nursing professionals from 13 public hospitals located in the southeast of Spain. The sample distribution (mean and standard deviation) and the response percentages according to the study variables of the ad-hoc questionnaire were analyzed and classified with cluster analysis. Results Through the cluster analysis, two subgroups were obtained: Cluster 1, composed of 779 participants, with low scores in the variables used for the classification, high levels of both extrinsic and intrinsic satisfaction, low levels of emotional exhaustion and cynicism, and low rates of somatization, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression; and Cluster 2, composed of 115 participants and characterized by moderate-high scores in the variables used for the classification, moderate extrinsic satisfaction, and low intrinsic satisfaction, high emotional exhaustion and cynicism and lower somatization, anxiety, social dysfunction, and depression scores. Excluded cases amounted to 31. Conclusion Nursing professionals who experience lateral violence reveal a lower intrinsic satisfaction, feeling less self-accomplished in their job, and less positive work experience. Emotional exhaustion rises as a concerning progressive and long-term outcome of experiencing this type of violence

Tough Love Lessons: Lateral Violence among Hospital Nurses

Background: Workplace violence is a growing social problem among many professions, but it particularly affects the health sector. Studies have mainly focused on evaluating user violence toward health professionals, with less attention being paid to other sources of conflict, such as co-workers themselves. There are different manifestations of this violence in what has been called a context of tolerated or normalized violence among co-workers. However, its effects are far from being tolerable, as they have an impact on general health and job satisfaction and contribute to burnout among professionals. Based on this idea, and following the line of the previous literature, nursing staff are a population at high risk of exposure to workplace violence. For this reason, the present study aims to evaluate exposure to lateral violence or violence among co-workers in nursing staff in public health services and the relationship of this exposure with some of the most studied consequences. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional associative study was carried out in which scales of workplace violence (HABS-CS), burnout (MBI-GS), job satisfaction (OJS), and general health (GHQ-28) were applied to a sample of 950 nursing staff from 13 public hospitals located in the southeast of Spain. (3) Results: The results show that nursing staff have a high exposure to violence from their co-workers, which is more common in male nurses. Greater exposure is observed in professionals with between 6 and 10 years of experience in the profession, and it is not characteristic of our sample to receive greater violence when they have less experience or are younger. A positive correlation is observed with high levels of burnout and a negative correlation with general health and job satisfaction. (4) Conclusions: The results of this work contribute to increasing the scientific evidence of the consequences of a type of workplace violence frequent among nursing staff and to which less attention has been paid in relative terms to other types of prevalent violence. Organizations should be aware of the importance of this type of workplace violence, its frequency and impact, and implement appropriate prevention policies that include the promotion of a culture that does not reward violence or minimize reporting. A change of mentality in the academic environment is also recommended in order to promote a more adequate training of nursing staff in this field

La alfabetización en salud de la población española : variables relacionadas según los resultados del proyecto europeo de alfabetización en salud

1. RESUMEN La alfabetización en salud, traducción del inglés “Health Literacy” (HL), es un concepto relativamente reciente que está cobrando mayor relevancia dentro del campo de la salud. La Organización Mundial de la Salud la definió en 1998 en su Glosario de promoción de la salud como “las habilidades cognitivas y sociales que determinan la motivación y la capacidad de los individuos para poder llegar a comprender y utilizar la información de manera que promuevan y mantengan una buena salud”. Aunque en sus inicios la alfabetización en salud fue estudiada fundamentalmente en el entorno del paciente, limitándose al ámbito de la atención sanitaria, hoy día resulta un concepto crucial en salud pública, abarcando el ámbito de la prevención de enfermedades y de la promoción de la salud, refiriéndose, en consecuencia, a los ciudadanos en general tengan o no una determinada enfermedad. El Consorcio Europeo de alfabetización en salud ha desarrollado una herramienta (HLS-EU-Q) para medir y analizar la alfabetización en salud de la población europea, habiendo sido utilizada en ocho países europeos. 2. OBJETIVOS El objetivo de esta tesis es describir los resultados de la encuesta europea sobre alfabetización en salud de la población española y comprobar, a través de un análisis estadístico avanzado, qué variables sociodemográficas presentan una relación significativa con el grado de alfabetización en salud, identificando aquellas que nos describen el perfil de la población con riesgo de tener una alfabetización inadecuada o deficiente. 3. METODOLOGÍA A) Análisis documental. Se ha tratado de mostrar la complejidad del concepto de alfabetización en salud por la diversidad de marcos conceptuales y herramientas disponibles, y se ha presentado al proyecto europeo de alfabetización en salud como un intento de dar una visión integral a través de un marco teórico que intenta abarcar e integrar las distintas perspectivas existentes y el diseño de una herramienta de medición consensuada entre varios equipos de investigadores de distintos países europeos. B) Análisis cuantitativo de los datos. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 15.0 para Windows. Se realizó análisis descriptivo: las variables cuantitativas se describieron mediante su media y desviación estándar, las variables cualitativas se describieron mediante su distribución de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Para comprobar que variables presentan una relación significativa con la alfabetización en salud se elaboró un índice general de alfabetización en salud a partir de los resultados de la encuesta. Se realizó un análisis de varianza del índice con las distintas variables, considerando significativas las que obtenían una p<0.05. Con las variables obtenidas se realizaron unas comparaciones múltiples para determinar qué grupos de las variables presentan diferencias significativas entre sí. 4. RESULTADOS En la población española los factores que presentan una relación significativa con las variaciones en el índice de alfabetización en salud son la edad, tener hijos, nivel de estudios alcanzado, estatus social percibido, nivel de ingresos netos por hogar, valoración de la propia salud, padecer una enfermedad crónica, el número de visitas al médico en el último año, y la frecuencia con la que realiza ejercicio físico. De todas las variables, la edad, el nivel de educación y la valoración de la propia salud, son las que presentan un coeficiente de determinación mayor sobre el índice de alfabetización en salud. La población con mayor riesgo de tener una baja alfabetización en salud son personas con un nivel educativo bajo, con una valoración negativa de su propia salud, que no practican ejercicio y con una débil red de apoyo social.1. ABSTRACT Health literacy is a relatively new concept that is gaining importance within the field of health. The World Health Organization defined it in 1998 in his Glossary of health promotion as "the cognitive and social skills which determine the motivation and ability of individuals to be able to understand and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health ". Although in its beginnings health literacy was studied primarily in the patient environment, limiting the field of healthcare, today is a crucial concept in public health covering the field of disease prevention and health promotion, referring therefore to the general public and not only a population with a particular disease. The European Consortium of Health Literacy has developed a tool (HLS -EU-Q) to measure and analyze health literacy of the european populatio , being tested in eight european countries. 2. OBJETIVES The aim of this work is to describe the results of the European survey of Health Literacy (HLS-EU) of the Spanish population, and check by statistical analysis, which sociodemographic variables are significantly related to the degree of health literacy, identifying those that describe the profile of the population at risk for inadequate or poor literacy. 3. METODOLOGY We tried to show the complexity of the concept of health literacy by the diversity of frameworks and tools available, and has been submitted to the European project of health literacy as an attempt to give a comprehensive view through a theoretical framework that attempts cover and integrate the different perspectives and the design of a measuring tool consensus among several teams of researchers from different European countries. For data analysis we used SPSS version 15.0 for Windows. Descriptive analysis was performed: quantitative variables were described by mean and standard deviation, and the qualitative variables were described by distribution of absolute and relative frequencies. To verify which variables have a significant relationship with general health literacy, we developed a Health literacy Index from the results of the survey. An analysis of variance of the index with the different variables was performed, considering they obtained significant at p <0.05. With the variables obtained a multiple comparisons were performed to determine which groups of variables have significant differences. 4. RESULTS In the Spanish population the factors that are significantly related to variations in the rate of health literacy are age, to have children, education level, self-perceived social, level of household income, health self-assessment, to have a chronic disease, the number of doctor visits in the last year, and the frecuency of doing physical exercise. Of all the variables, age, education level and health self-assessment , are those with a higher coefficient of determination on the health literacy index. The population at risk of having a low health literacy are people with a low educational level, with a negative assessment of their own health, do not practice exercise and with a weak social support network

Alfabetización en salud; concepto y dimensiones. Proyecto europeo de alfabetización en salud

La alfabetización en salud (AES), traducción del termino inglés health literacy, es un concepto complejo introducido en los 70 en el mundo anglosajón, que cada día va ganando mas reconocimiento entre la comunidad científica internacional. Existen multitud de definiciones del término en inglés y diversas traducciones al castellano de health literacy. Entre las más conocidas y utilizadas se encuentra la que recoge la OMS en su glosario de términos de salud pública que la define como �las habilidades sociales y cognitivas que determinan el nivel de motivación y la capacidad de una persona para acceder, entender y utilizar la información de forma que le permita promover y mantener una buena salud�. Sin embargo, a pesar de la unanimidad sobre su importancia, no hay una definición unánimemente aceptada del concepto de alfabetización en salud, y sus dimensiones constitutivas siguen siendo objeto de controversia, así como tampoco hay un consenso sobre qué instrumento es el más adecuado para medirla (Sørensen et al., 2011; Baker, 2006)

Estudio del síndrome del túnel carpiano en mujeres embarazadas /María Luisa Ruiz-Cabello Osuna ; director Aurelio Luna Maldonado.

Tesis - Universidad de Murcia.MEDICINA ESPINARDO. DEPOSITO. MU-Tesis 598.Consulte la tesis en: BCA. GENERAL. ARCHIVO UNIVERSITARIO. T.M.-1854

Association between COVID-19 Vaccine Side Effects and Body Mass Index in Spain

COVID-19 vaccines have shown high efficacy, with most side effects being mild–moderate and more frequently reported by females and people at younger ages. Since no studies have assessed the impact that weight status could have on the reported adverse reactions, we aim to study the association between weight status and reported side effects. We included data on 2136 adults from an online survey conducted from 6 May to 9 June 2021. The questionnaire was filled in by participants over Google forms. Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used. A higher risk of presenting fever ≥38°, vomiting, diarrhea and chills was found in those with a non-overweight status compared to those overweight after adjusting for age, sex, education, medication to prevent/relieve post-vaccination effects and vaccine administered. When adjusting, most of the significant effects, in the association between side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine and weight status, did not remain significant. In conclusion, a non-overweight status was associated with a higher risk of presenting fever ≥38°, vomiting, diarrhea and chills compared to those overweight. Nevertheless, most of the reported side effects to COVID-19 vaccine were not associated with a higher risk of presenting more adverse effects, and individual differences were determined by sex and age

Prevalence and patterns of traditional bullying victimization and cyber-teasing among college population in Spain

Abstract Background Traditional bullying victimization and the growing number of cyber-teasing victims during the last decade is a major public health concern. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between students’ experiences of traditional bullying victimization and cyber-teasing and the sociodemographic characteristics of a sample composed of college students in Spain. Methods In the fall of 2014, 543 sixth-grade students from southeast Spain completed an anonymous survey on their experience of both kinds of to ascertain any relationship with sociodemographic characteristics, including gender, nationality, economic problems, family conflicts and alcohol and cannabis use. Results A total of 62.2 % of the students reported to having suffered traditional bullying victimization and 52.7 % reported that they had been subject to cyber-teasing. 40.7 % of participants had been victims of traditional bullying victimization and cyber-teasing in the past 12 months. Most (65.7 %) of the victims were at the same time cyber-teasing victims; 77.6 % of cyber-teasing victims were also victimized in a different manner. Traditional bullying victimization was higher among boys than among girls, while female students were more likely to have been subjected to cyber-teasing than male students. The characteristics that most heavily influenced suffering traditional bullying victimization were economic problems, family conflicts and cannabis use. Conclusions Our findings confirm overlapping results in the risk factors that influence suffering both traditional bullying victimization and cyber-teasing: there was a strong influence of certain sociodemographic and individual characteristics of the college population, suggesting that specific policies are necessary to improve college students’ environment in Spain