Relación médico paciente: La bioética y el cuidado en medicina

A lo largo de la historia de la medicina, el médico ha desempeñado principalmente tareas de asistencia y consuelo. Entre los siglos XV y XVII se realiza un cambio en la concepción de la medicina que acompaña a la transformación del conocimiento, poner remedio se transforma muy rápidamente en poner un remedio, una medicina. En la actualidad, imbuidos del mismo espíritu, entendemos que apartar todo daño y maleficio significa apartar la enfermedad. La bioética nos propone acercarnos al médico y hallar conductas éticas en que se manifieste el hombre en su plenitud, íntegro, con capacidad de vivir su historia y proyectarse al porvenir, tal cual lo pedía Potter, su fundador. Esto muchas veces implica curar, reparar, extraer el daño, pero sobre todo obliga al médico a cumplir con su vocación más antigua: cuidar. Pero ¿cómo pensar el cuerpo de otra manera y la enfermedad de otra manera? Proyectar un mundo con el enfermo compartiendo un espacio con él, el cuidado de ese espacio común, de ese proyecto común. Esto es la medida no sólo del ejercicio de la humanidad del médico, sino de su ética. Debemos hablar de una ética del cuidado en medicina. Esto significa básicamente estar atentos a que el paciente es un otro que necesita de nosotros, que acude al médico a pedir ayuda; negársela, omitir acciones, o realizar acciones en beneficio de terceros, sería claramente optar por una conducta no ética, inmoral. Reflexionar frente al enfermo muriente y sobre todo al enfermo sufriente, se convierte en el mayor desafío para el médico. Practicar la ética del cuidado no es otra cosa que acompañar al enfermo en el camino hacia el futuro, sea este de vida o de muerte, teniendo presente lo que decía Erik Cassel "El médico pocas veces cura, algunas alivia, pero siempre debe consolar".Along the history of the medicine the doctor has recovered principally tasks of assistance and consolation. Between centuries XV and seventeenth makes a change conception of medicine accompanying transforming knowledge. Remedying changes very quickly put a remedy medicine. Today, imbued with the same spirit, we understand that aside from damage and remove disease spell means. Bioethics is proposing to approach the medical and ethical behaviors find that the man is revealed in its fullness, integrity, ability to live with their history and projected into the future, as he asked what Potter, its founder. his often involves heal, repair, remove the damage, but all require a doctor to fulfill their oldest vocation: to care. But how do you think of another way the body and illness differently? Projecting a world with the patient sharing a room with him, caring for the common space, the joint project. This is a measure not only the exercise of the humanity of the doctor, but his ethics. We speak of an ethic of care in medicine This means to be basically attentive that the patient is an other one who needs from us, that it comes to the doctor to ask for help, deny it, ignore actions, or actions for the benefit of others, would clearly opt for unethical conduct, immoral. To reflect in front the sick dying and specially the suffering sick, becomes the biggest defy for the doctor. While the cure, as we understand it today, is supported on the science, care is supported by the trust. The medicine can not take care of, is knowledge, a science, the doctor can only do so, in reality the team doctor, because the doctor today can not be working alone. Practicing ethics of care is nothing to accompany the patient on the road to the future, be it life or death, bearing in mind what Erik Cassel said "The doctor rarely cures, some relief, but should always console".Fil: Pfeiffer, Maria Luisa Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín; Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital de Clínicas General San Martín. Programa de Bioética; Argentina;Fil: Molinari, Luciana. Asociación Argentina de Medicina Respiratoria. Comité de Bioética; Argentina

Solitude and loneliness profiles in early adolescents: A person-centred approach

Objectives. In early adolescence, developmental tasks lead boys and girls to oscillate between the search for and the fear of solitude, between feelings of loneliness and the need for peer contact. Adopting a multidimensional and person-centred approach, the aim of the present study was to distinguish different clusters related to profiles of solitude attitudes and loneliness and to evaluate the role of relational and socio-demographic variables as predictors of cluster belonging. Methods. Measures of loneliness, attitudes towards aloneness, friendship quality, self-esteem and rejection sensitivity were collected in a population of 656 Italian native and immigrant early adolescents. Results. Three clusters emerged, differently predicted by relational and socio-demographic variables. An adaptive and normative profile was found for the Aversion to aloneness and the Constructive solitude clusters, while a more maladaptive profile emerged for the Non-Constructive solitude cluster. Conclusions. The results are discussed in the light of the developmental challenges that early adolescents face

Teacher justice and parent support as predictors of learning motivation and visions of a just world

In this study we explore teacher justice and parent support in learning motivation and visions of a just world. The study sample was 509 Italian secondary school students, 163 males and 346 females. Regression analyses investigated the impact of teacher justice, parental involvement and factors of school choice (one\u2019s interests and parental influence) on learning motivation, personal beliefs in a just world, civic engagement and a positive future orientation. Findings confirm that the feeling of being treated fairly in the classroom is an important factor for adolescent adjustment since it relates to the development of learning motivation, personal beliefs in a just world, and civic engagement. Parental academic involvement also emerges as a significant resource for adolescents, and the most important in having an effect on the development of a positive future orientation

Ler e escrever por projetos

A nós interessa tocar nos pontos em que não há total acordo ou consenso, recuperando a história recente dos projetos de leitura e escrita. Propomo-nos a defini-los sob a perspectiva de uma didática específica de conteúdos escolares. Nessa definição, tentaremos recuperar sinais de sua história que auxiliem na compreensão das múltiplas versões que existem, hoje, nas salas de aula. Procuraremos expor uma preocupação relativa ao lugar e ao sentido dos conteúdos dos projetos, lugar onde também se localizam diversas concepções.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Ler e escrever por projetos

A nós interessa tocar nos pontos em que não há total acordo ou consenso, recuperando a história recente dos projetos de leitura e escrita. Propomo-nos a defini-los sob a perspectiva de uma didática específica de conteúdos escolares. Nessa definição, tentaremos recuperar sinais de sua história que auxiliem na compreensão das múltiplas versões que existem, hoje, nas salas de aula. Procuraremos expor uma preocupação relativa ao lugar e ao sentido dos conteúdos dos projetos, lugar onde também se localizam diversas concepções.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Ler e escrever por projetos

A nós interessa tocar nos pontos em que não há total acordo ou consenso, recuperando a história recente dos projetos de leitura e escrita. Propomo-nos a defini-los sob a perspectiva de uma didática específica de conteúdos escolares. Nessa definição, tentaremos recuperar sinais de sua história que auxiliem na compreensão das múltiplas versões que existem, hoje, nas salas de aula. Procuraremos expor uma preocupação relativa ao lugar e ao sentido dos conteúdos dos projetos, lugar onde também se localizam diversas concepções.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Oocyte Cryostorage to Preserve Fertility in Oncological Patients

Thanks to the progress in oncostatic treatments, young women affected by cancer have a fairly good chance of surviving the disease and leading a normal post-cancer life. Quite often, however, polychemiotherapy and/or radiotherapy can induce ovarian damage and significantly reduce the content of follicles and oocytes inside the ovary, thus predisposing the patient to menstrual disorders, infertility, and precocious menopause. Several techniques have been proposed to preserve fertility in these patients; among them oocyte collection and cryopreservation prior to the oncostatic treatment has been widely applied in the last decade. The proper indications, the permitting conditions, the available hormonal stimulation protocols, as well as the effectiveness and limits of this option will be discussed herein, with a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the two techniques commonly used to cryostore oocytes, the slow-freezing technique and the vitrification technique