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Theory of mind and attentional bias to facial emotional expressions: A preliminary study
Theory of mind ability has been associated with performance in interpersonal interactions and has been found to influence aspects such as emotion recognition, social competence, and social anxiety. Being able to attribute mental states to others requires attention to subtle communication cues such as facial emotional expressions. Decoding and interpreting emotions expressed by the face, especially those with negative valence, are essential skills to successful social interaction. The current study explored the association between theory of mind skills and attentional bias to facial emotional expressions. According to the study hypothesis, individuals with poor theory of mind skills showed preferential attention to negative faces over both non-negative faces and neutral objects. Tentative explanations for the findings are offered emphasizing the potential adaptive role of vigilance for threat as a way of allocating a limited capacity to interpret others’ mental states to obtain as much information as possible about potential danger in the social environment
Endogenous group formation in experimental contests
We study endogenous group formation in tournaments employing experimental three-player contests. We find that players in endogenously formed alliances cope better with the moral hazard problem in groups than players who are forced into an alliance. Also, players who are committed to expending effort above average choose to stand alone. If these players are forced to play in an alliance, they invest even more, whereas their co-players choose lower effort. Anticipation of this exploitation may explain their preference to stand alone
Computation of the inverse Laplace Transform based on a Collocation method which uses only real values
We develop a numerical algorithm for inverting a Laplace transform (LT), based on Laguerre polynomial series expansion of the
inverse function under the assumption that the LT is known on the real axis only. The method belongs to the class of Collocation
methods (C-methods), and is applicable when the LT function is regular at infinity. Difficulties associated with these problems are due
to their intrinsic ill-posedness. The main contribution of this paper is to provide computable estimates of truncation, discretization,
conditioning and roundoff errors introduced by numerical computations. Moreover, we introduce the pseudoaccuracy which will be
used by the numerical algorithm in order to provide uniform scaled accuracy of the computed approximation for any x with respect
to ex . These estimates are then employed to dynamically truncate the series expansion. In other words, the number of the terms of
the series acts like the regularization parameter which provides the trade-off between errors.
With the aim to validate the reliability and usability of the algorithm experiments were carried out on several test functions
Naturally graded Zinbiel algebras with nilindex n - 3
We present the classification of a subclass of n-dimensional naturally graded Zinbiel
algebras. This subclass has the nilindex n − 3 and the characteristic sequence (n − 3, 2, 1). In fact,
this result completes the classification of naturally graded Zinbiel algebras of nilindex n − 3
Early changes in brain structure correlate with language outcomes in children with neonatal encephalopathy.
Global patterns of brain injury correlate with motor, cognitive, and language outcomes in survivors of neonatal encephalopathy (NE). However, it is still unclear whether local changes in brain structure predict specific deficits. We therefore examined whether differences in brain structure at 6Â months of age are associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in this population. We enrolled 32 children with NE, performed structural brain MR imaging at 6Â months, and assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes at 30Â months. All subjects underwent T1-weighted imaging at 3Â T using a 3D IR-SPGR sequence. Images were normalized in intensity and nonlinearly registered to a template constructed specifically for this population, creating a deformation field map. We then used deformation based morphometry (DBM) to correlate variation in the local volume of gray and white matter with composite scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III) at 30Â months. Our general linear model included gestational age, sex, birth weight, and treatment with hypothermia as covariates. Regional brain volume was significantly associated with language scores, particularly in perisylvian cortical regions including the left supramarginal gyrus, posterior superior and middle temporal gyri, and right insula, as well as inferior frontoparietal subcortical white matter. We did not find significant correlations between regional brain volume and motor or cognitive scale scores. We conclude that, in children with a history of NE, local changes in the volume of perisylvian gray and white matter at 6Â months are correlated with language outcome at 30Â months. Quantitative measures of brain volume on early MRI may help identify infants at risk for poor language outcomes
Leibniz Algebras Whose Semisimple Part is Related to sl2
In this paper we identify the structure of complex finite-dimensional Leibniz algebras
with associated Lie algebras sl1
2⊕sl2
2⊕· · ·⊕sls
2⊕R, where R is a solvable radical. The classifications
of such Leibniz algebras in the cases dimR = 2, 3 and dimI 6= 3 have been obtained. Moreover, we
classify Leibniz algebras with L/I ∼= sl1
2⊕sl2
2 and some conditions on ideal I = id < [x, x] | x ∈ L
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