Prevalence of HIV, Herpes Simplex Virus-2, and Syphilis in male sex partners of pregnant women in Peru

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background:</p> <p>Sexually active heterosexual men may represent an important risk factor for HIV infection and STI transmission to their female partners and unborn children, though little is known about the prevalence of STIs in this population. We sought to determine the prevalence of HIV, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and syphilis infection and associated risk behaviors among male sex partners of pregnant women in Peru.</p> <p>Methods:</p> <p>Survey and seroprevalence data were collected from 1,835 male partners of pregnant women in four cities in Peru. Serum was tested for antibodies to HIV, HSV-2, and syphilis.</p> <p>Results:</p> <p>Among the 1,835 male participants, HIV prevalence was 0.8% (95% CI = 0.5–1.4%), HSV-2 16.0% (95% CI = 14.3–17.8%), and syphilis 1.6% (95% CI = 1.0–2.2%). Additionally, 11.0% reported a lifetime history of intercourse with men, and 37.1% with female sex workers. Unprotected intercourse with men during the previous year was reported by 0.9% and with female sex workers by 1.2%.</p> <p>Conclusion:</p> <p>Pregnant women's sex partners reported lifetime sexual contact with core risk groups, had an elevated prevalence of HSV-2, and demonstrated the potential to spread HIV and other STIs to their partners. Though the prevalence of HIV in the population was not significantly higher than observed in other samples of heterosexuals in Peru, the risk of HIV transmission to their female partners may be exacerbated by their increased prevalence of HSV-2 infection. Further study of heterosexual populations is necessary to fully understand the epidemiology of HIV/STIs in Latin America.</p

Coinfección por dengue y leptospirosis en una niña de la amazonía peruana

Se reporta el caso de una niña de 10 años, natural y procedente de la ciudad de Iquitos en Perú que presentó cefalea, fiebre, escalofríos, dolor osteomuscular, leve dolor en epigastrio, epistaxis y hematemesis. Al examen físico la paciente se encontraba afebril y en regular estado general. Por medio de pruebas serológicas se confirmó la infección por dengue y leptospirosis. La paciente recibió hidratación endovenosa con cloruro de sodio al 0,9% y penicilina G sódica, logrando una evolución clínica favorable por lo que fue dada de alta a los pocos días de su ingreso al hospital. Aunque estas dos enfermedades son comunes en la Amazonía peruana, la presencia simultánea de ambas en la población pediátrica es poco documentada; por ello, una buena historia clínica y exámenes de laboratorio son importantes para el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno

Coinfección por dengue y leptospirosis en una niña de la amazonía peruana

Se reporta el caso de una niña de 10 años, natural y procedente de la ciudad de Iquitos en Perú que presentó cefalea, fiebre, escalofríos, dolor osteomuscular, leve dolor en epigastrio, epistaxis y hematemesis. Al examen físico la paciente se encontraba afebril y en regular estado general. Por medio de pruebas serológicas se confirmó la infección por dengue y leptospirosis. La paciente recibió hidratación endovenosa con cloruro de sodio al 0,9% y penicilina G sódica, logrando una evolución clínica favorable por lo que fue dada de alta a los pocos días de su ingreso al hospital. Aunque estas dos enfermedades son comunes en la Amazonía peruana, la presencia simultánea de ambas en la población pediátrica es poco documentada; por ello, una buena historia clínica y exámenes de laboratorio son importantes para el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno

Impacto del fenómeno “El Niño” de 1997-1998 en la salud de la población peruana, riesgo potencial para el 2015

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Zika Virus Seroprevalence in Two Districts of Chincha, Ica, Peru: A Cross-Sectional Study.

In 2017, a major outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection took place in Chincha Province, Peru, where arboviral circulation had never been reported before. We conducted a cross-sectional survey (March-May 2019) in two districts of Chincha Province: Pueblo Nuevo and Chincha Baja. We included residents who were 20 to 40 years old and who had lived in these districts for at least 1 year. Serological testing combined screening with a commercial NS1 protein-based Zika IgG ELISA, and confirmation by a cytopathic effect-based virus neutralization test (VNT). Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated using Poisson regression with robust error variance. Four hundred participants, divided equally among districts, were enrolled. Anti-ZIKV IgG ELISA was positive for 42 participants (10.5%) and borderline for 12 (3%). Fifty-two of these 54 samples were confirmed positive by ZIKV VNT (13% of the total population). The Pueblo Nuevo district exhibited a greater ZIKV seroprevalence based on VNT results than the Chincha Baja district (23.5% versus 2.5%), with participants from the Pueblo Nuevo district being 9.4 times more likely to have a positive ZIKV VNT result. Average monthly income greater than the minimum wage and adequate water storage were found to be protective factors (PR, 0.29 and 0.24, respectively). In multivariate analysis, living in the Pueblo Nuevo district and a personal history of fever and rash were strong predictors of ZIKV positivity by VNT. The low ZIKV seroprevalence should prompt health authorities to stimulate interventions to prevent potential future outbreaks. In the Pueblo Nuevo district, the seroprevalence was greater but presumably not sufficient to ensure protective herd immunity

Prevalence of HIV, herpes simplex virus-2, and syphilis in male sex partners of pregnant women in Peru.

BackgroundSexually active heterosexual men may represent an important risk factor for HIV infection and STI transmission to their female partners and unborn children, though little is known about the prevalence of STIs in this population. We sought to determine the prevalence of HIV, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and syphilis infection and associated risk behaviors among male sex partners of pregnant women in Peru.MethodsSurvey and seroprevalence data were collected from 1,835 male partners of pregnant women in four cities in Peru. Serum was tested for antibodies to HIV, HSV-2, and syphilis.ResultsAmong the 1,835 male participants, HIV prevalence was 0.8% (95% CI = 0.5-1.4%), HSV-2 16.0% (95% CI = 14.3-17.8%), and syphilis 1.6% (95% CI = 1.0-2.2%). Additionally, 11.0% reported a lifetime history of intercourse with men, and 37.1% with female sex workers. Unprotected intercourse with men during the previous year was reported by 0.9% and with female sex workers by 1.2%.ConclusionPregnant women's sex partners reported lifetime sexual contact with core risk groups, had an elevated prevalence of HSV-2, and demonstrated the potential to spread HIV and other STIs to their partners. Though the prevalence of HIV in the population was not significantly higher than observed in other samples of heterosexuals in Peru, the risk of HIV transmission to their female partners may be exacerbated by their increased prevalence of HSV-2 infection. Further study of heterosexual populations is necessary to fully understand the epidemiology of HIV/STIs in Latin America

Clinical symptoms in patients with arbovirus infection positive by PCR.

<p>Clinical symptoms in patients with arbovirus infection positive by PCR.</p