Sorofrequência de infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência felina e vírus da leucemia felina em gatos do município de Araçatuba, São Paulo

Feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia represent important infectious diseases caused by retroviruses. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection by feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in cats from the municipality of Araçatuba, São Paulo. Blood samples from 302 cats were collected and tested for the presence of antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus and antigen of feline leukemia virus by ELISA ® Snap-Combo FIV-FeLV (IDEXX Laboratories). The frequency of FIV positivity was 5.63% (17/302) and of FeLV was 0.33% (1/302). Of the 17 cats infected with FIV, nine (52.94%) were symptomatic. There was a prevalence of FIV infection in males (p = 0.0316) and cats aged between one and three years (p = 0.0324).A imunodeficiência viral felina e a leucemia viral felina representam importantes doenças infecciosas causadas por retrovírus. O presente estudo teve por objetivos investigar a sorofrequência da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e pelo vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV) em gatos provenientes do município de Araçatuba, Estado de São Paulo. Amostras de sangue de 302 gatos foram colhidas e testadas quanto à presença de anticorpos antivírus da imunodeficiência felina e do antígeno do vírus da leucemia felina por meio do ELISA Snap-Combo®FIV-FeLV (IDEXX Laboratories). A frequência de positividade para FIV foi de 5,63% (17/302) e para FeLV de 0,33% (1/302). Dos 17 gatos infectados pelo FIV, nove (52,94%) eram sintomáticos. Houve um predomínio da infecção pelo FIV em machos (p = 0,0316) e em gatos com idade variando entre um e três anos (p = 0,0324)

A intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação na reeducação da função de eliminação intestinal da pessoa/família com afecção neurológica e cardiovascular

Relatório de Estagio apresentado para obtenção do grau de Mestre na Especialidade em Enfermagem de ReabilitaçãoOs problemas intestinais são comuns nas pessoas com doenças cardiovasculares e neurológicas podendo ter um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida. A reeducação da função de eliminação intestinal é essencialmente do âmbito da enfermagem de reabilitação. O enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação possui um elevado nível de conhecimentos e experiência acrescida que lhe permitem tomar decisões relativas à promoção da saúde, prevenção de complicações secundárias, tratamento e reabilitação maximizando o potencial da pessoa. Os artigos analisados sugerem que o controlo da incontinência fecal e a prevenção da obstipação são possíveis através de programas eficazes de reeducação da função de eliminação intestinal, apontando para a necessidade da realização de estudos de maiores dimensões. Este relatório de estágio pretende ser revelador de aprendizagens a partir de um processo auto formativo, de pesquisa sistemática e reflexão, e mobilizador de um agir em contexto da prática clínica, numa perspectiva de enfermagem avançada. Bowel dysfunction is common among people with cardiovascular and neurological disorders and may have a significant impact on quality of life. Re-education of bowel function is mainly competence of rehabilitation nursing. The nurse specialist in rehabilitation has a high level of knowledge and experience that allows her to make decisions regarding to health promotion, prevention of secondary complications, treatment and rehabilitation maximizing individual potential. The analyzed articles suggest that control of incontinence and constipation prevention is possible through effective programs of rehabilitation of bowel function, pointing to the need of undertaking larger studies. This stage report is intended to express learning from a self-formative process of systematic inquiry and reflection, and promoting action in the context of clinical practice from the perspective of advanced nursing

Validação da intradermoreação de Montenegro para diagnóstico de leishmaniose em felinos

Leishmaniasis are protozoan zoonotic diseases transmitted in the Americas by female sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia infected by Leishmania infantum chagasi during blood feeding. Although dogs are well established as the main reservoirs for the disease in urban areas, various reports of cats naturally infected worldwide may indicate an important role of this species in the disease cycle. Since the detection of circulating antibodies in infected cats is difficult, and infected cats in endemic areas are reportedly less likely to develop clinical signs when compared to dogs, this study aimed to evaluate cats living in endemic area by means of parasitological and serological (ELISA and IFAT), real time PCR and Montenegro skin test (MST), in order to use the later test to identify infected cats that did not develop antibody titers or clinical signs of the disease. For this purpose, 96 adult cats, regardless of sex, symptomatic or asymptomatic, from Araçatuba, São Paulo, were evaluated. Considering the results of qPCR and/or parasitological examination, the prevalence of infection in the evaluated population was 55.21% (53/96). Of the infected cats, 58.49% (31/53) were asymptomatic, 62.26% (33/53) females and 41.51% (22/53) aged between 1 and 3 years (p = 0.0002). Most of the infected cats had low antibody titers (37/53, 69.81%) and showed no clinical alterations (24/37, 64.86%). Only two (2.08%) were seroreactive by IFAT with titers of antibodies equal to 1:40. All 96 cats showed negative to MST with leishmanin of L. infantum chagasi (4.107 parasites/mL). Of these, 11 cats were selected and just one was positive to MST with leishmanin of L. (L.) amazonensis (107 parasites/mL). These findings indicate that qPCR demonstrated efficacy and should be used for visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis in cats and the MST, in the conditions in which it was tested, does not constitute a tool for identifying cats infected by L. infantum chagas

Sorofrequência de infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência felina e vírus da leucemia felina em gatos do município de araçatuba, são paulo

Feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia represent important infectious diseases caused by retroviruses. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection by feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in cats from the municipality of Araçatuba, São Paulo. Blood samples from 302 cats were collected and tested for the presence of antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus and antigen of feline leukemia virus by ELISA ® Snap- Combo FIV-FeLV (IDEXX Laboratories). The frequency of FIV positivity was 5.63% (17/302) and of FeLV was 0.33% (1/302). Of the 17 cats infected with FIV, nine (52.94%) were symptomatic. There was a prevalence of FIV infection in males (p 0.0316) and cats aged between one and three years (p 0.0324)

A reforma financeira do Estado e os modelos de governação e gestão pública

Mestrado em ContabilidadeA Reforma Financeira do Estado engloba o novo referencial contabilístico para as Administrações Públicas, o Sistema de Normalização Contabilística para as Administrações Públicas (SNC-AP), convergente com os sistemas que, atualmente, vêm sendo adotados a nível internacional com as International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), verificando-se, assim, um acréscimo de transparência, accountability e de informação de apoio à decisão. O SNC-AP pretende adotar um sistema orçamental e financeiro mais eficiente e mais convergente com os sistemas a nível internacional, implementar a base de acréscimo na contabilidade das administrações públicas e consolidar de uma forma harmonizada todos os seus níveis, o que conduzirá a uma maior transparência, utilidade e comparabilidade de todas as administrações públicas. Este estudo pretende analisar se a nova Reforma Financeira do Estado contribui para o reforço da transparência e da accountability nas Administrações Públicas, numa altura em que se requer maior integridade e credibilidade às contas públicas. Com base na técnica da análise de conteúdo, em que foi analisado o SNC-AP, a Lei de Enquadramento Orçamental (LEO) e outra legislação e documentação complementar, foi possível concluir, que de uma forma geral, a transparência e a accountability têm vindo a ser reforçadas, principalmente com o contributo do SNC-AP e da nova LEO.The Financial Reform of the State encompasses the new accounting framework for Public Administrations, the Accounting Standardization System for Public Administrations (SNC-AP), which converges with the systems currently being adopted at the international level with the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), thus increasing transparency, accountability and decision support information. The SNC-AP intends to adopt a more efficient and more convergent budgetary and financial system with systems at international level, to implement the accrual basis in the general government accounts and to consolidate in a harmonized way all the levels of the public administrations which will lead to greater transparency, utility and comparability of all public administrations. This study intends to analyze how the new Financial Reform of the State improves transparency and accounting in public administrations, and it is important to address the broad lines and the challenges that this project brings at a time when greater transparency is required and credibility of public accounts. Based on the technique of content analysis, in which the SNC-AP, the budget framework law (LEO) and other complementary legislation and documentation were analyzed, it was possible to conclude that, in a general way, transparency and accountability have been reinforced, especially with the contribution of the SNC-AP and the new LEO.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ocorrência de leishmaniose em gatos de área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral

Despite the description of several cases of feline leishmaniasis around the world, little information is available about the importance of the cat as a reservoir of the disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of leishmaniasis in cats from an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Two hundred cats were included in this study. Infection was evaluated through the presence of amastigotes in stained smears from fine-needle aspirates of lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen and liver, and by antibody reactivity against Leishmania chagasi using indirect ELISA. Our results showed a prevalence of infection in 14.5% (31/200) of the feline population studied, with 4% (8/200) of positivity by parasitological diagnosis and 11.5% (23/200) by serology