165 research outputs found
Self-diffusion in granular gases
The coefficient of self-diffusion for a homogeneously cooling granular gas
changes significantly if the impact-velocity dependence of the restitution
coefficient is taken into account. For the case of a constant
the particles spread logarithmically slow with time, whereas the
velocity dependent coefficient yields a power law time-dependence. The impact
of the difference in these time dependences on the properties of a freely
cooling granular gas is discussed.Comment: 6 pages, no figure
Unravelling the photochemical transformations of chromium(I) 1,3 Bis(diphenylphosphino), [Cr(CO)4(dppp)]+, by EPR spectroscopy
UV-induced photochemical transformations of the paramagnetic [Cr(CO)4(Ph2PCH2CH2CH2PPh2)]+ complex (abbreviated [Cr(CO)4(dppp)]+) in dichloromethane was investigated by CW EPR spectroscopy. Room-temperature UV irradiation results in the rapid transformation of [Cr(CO)4(dppp)]+ into trans-[Cr(CO)2(dppp)2]+. However, low-temperature (77–120 K) UV irradiation reveals the presence of an intermediate mer-[Cr(CO)3(κ1-dppp)(κ2-dppp)]+ complex which photochemically transforms into trans-[Cr(CO)2(dppp)2]+. The derived spin Hamiltonian parameters for these complexes were confirmed by DFT calculations. The photoinduced reaction is shown to be concentration-dependent, leading to a distribution of the three complexes ([Cr(CO)4(dppp)]+, mer-[Cr(CO)3(κ1-dppp)(κ 2-dppp)]+, and trans-[Cr(CO)2(dppp)2]+). A bimolecular photoinduced mechanism is proposed to account for the formation of mer-[Cr(CO)3(κ1-dppp)(κ2-dppp)]+ and trans-[Cr(CO)2(dppp)2]+
Approaches to uncertain or imprecise rules: a survey
With this paper we present a brief overview of selected prominent approaches to rule frameworks and formal rule languages for the representation of and reasoning with uncertain or imprecise knowledge. This work covers selected probabilistic and possibilistic logics, as well as implementations of uncertainty and possibilistic reasoning in rule engine software
Controlling Clusters of Colloidal Platelets:The Effects of Edge and Face Surface Chemistries on the Behaviour of Montmorillonite Suspensions
Estudo do processo de intercalação via solução PVP-bentonita: a avaliação da influência do tempo reacional, da proporção de polímero-argila e da massa molar média
Effect of silica nanoparticles on clay swelling and aqueous stability of nanoparticle dispersions
Physical Methods for the Preparation of Hybrid Nanocomposite Polymer Latex Particles
In this chapter, we will highlight conceptual physical approaches towards the fabrication of nanocomposite polymer latexes in which each individual latex particle contains one or more "hard" nanoparticles, such as clays, silicates, titanates, or other metal(oxides). By "physical approaches" we mean that the "hard" nanoparticles are added as pre-existing entities, and are not synthesized in situ as part of the nanocomposite polymer latex fabrication process. We will narrow our discussion to focus on physical methods that rely on the assembly of nanoparticles onto the latex particles after the latex particles have been formed, or its reciprocal analogue, the adhesion of polymer onto an inorganic nanoparticle. First, will discuss the phenomenon of heterocoagulation and its various driving forces, such as electrostatic interactions, the hydrophobic effect, and secondary molecular interactions. We will then address methods that involve assembly of nanoparticles onto or around the more liquid precursors (i.e., swollen/growing latex particles or monomer droplets). We will focus on the phenomenon of Pickering stabilization. We will then discuss features of particle interaction with soft interfaces, and see how the adhesion of particles onto emulsion droplets can be applied in suspension, miniemulsion, and emulsion polymerization. Finally, we will very briefly mention some interesting methods that make use of interface-driven templating for making well-defined assembled clusters and supracolloidal structures
Experimental evaluation of a tool for the verification and transformation of source code in event-driven systems
- …