Gravidez precoce de estudantes de enfermagem e o consumo de álcool

This qualitative descriptive research aimed to analyze pregnancy dynamics, experienced by a group of women who, at the time, were at most 19 years old, and identify the role attributed to the consumption of alcohol in such dynamics. The research was developed with a group of 20 students from the Colombia National University. Six of them were selected for in dept investigation through interviews, which were analyzed by content analysis. Based on the literature and the subjects' life history, the study examines the following categories: pregnancy, making love, maternity, being a woman, and drinking. Through these categories, was possible to identify the dynamics experienced by these women during pregnancy.Esa investigación cualitativa de modalidad descriptiva tuve como propósitos describir y analizar las dinámicas presentes en el embarazo de un grupo de mujeres que para el momento contaban con una edad límite de 19 años, identificando el papel que atribuyen a la ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas en dichas dinámicas. La investigación se desarrolló con un grupo de 20 estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. De ellas fueran seleccionadas 6 jóvenes para la investigación en profundidad, por medio de entrevistas que han sido analizadas por el método de análisis cualitativo de contenido. El artículo analiza, basado en la literatura y en la historia de vida de los sujetos de la investigación, las categorías identificadas: embarazo, hacer el amor, ser mujer, maternidad y tomar. Por ellas es posible identificar as dinámicas involucradas en las gestaciones de las jóvenes estudiadas.Esta pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva teve como objetivo descrever e analisar as dinâmicas presentes durante a gravidez em um grupo de mulheres que na época tinham no máximo 19 anos, e identificar o papel que atribuem ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas nessas dinâmicas. A pesquisa se desenvolveu com um grupo de 20 estudantes da Universidade Nacional da Colômbia. Dentre elas, foram selecionadas seis jovens para investigação em profundidade, por meio de entrevistas que foram analisadas pelo método de análise de conteúdo. O artigo analisa, com base na literatura e na história de vida dos sujeitos da pesquisa, as categorias: gravidez, fazer amor, ser mulher, maternidade e beber. É possível identificar, através das mesmas, as dinâmicas envolvidas nas gestações vividas pelas jovens estudadas

Factores de riesgo asociados a puntaje apgar bajo al nacer en neonatos del hospital Belén de Trujillo periodo Enero 2009 - Diciembre 2013

Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a puntaje Apgar bajo al nacer en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo. Material y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo, analítico, observacional, retrospectivo, de casos y controles. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 84neonatos según criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos, distribuidos en dos grupos: con y sinpuntaje Apgar bajo al nacer. Resultados: El análisis estadístico sobre las variables en estudio como factores de riesgo fueron: prematuridad(OR: 4.26; p<0.01), bajo peso al nacer (OR: 3.41; p<0.05) preeclampsia (OR: 4; p<0.05), expulsivo prolongado(OR: 2.96; p<0.01), liquido amniótico meconial (OR: 4.06; p<0.05), cesarea (OR: 3.52; p<0.01). Conclusiones:La prematuridad, el bajo peso al nacer, la preeclampsia, el expulsivo prolongado, el liquido amniótico meconial y la cesárea son factores de riesgo asociados a puntaje Apgar bajo al nacer.Determine the risk factors asociated to low apgar puntuation in newborns of Trujillo Belen Hospital. Methods: Was conduced an analitic, observational, retrospective, case-control investigation. The study population was conformed for 84newborns accord inclusion and exclusion criteria distributed into 2 groups: with and withoutlow apgar puntuation. Results: Statistical analysis about associated risk factors tolow apgar puntuation were:prematurity(OR: 4.26; p<0.01), low weight at birth (OR: 3.41; p<0.05) preeclampsia (OR: 4; p<0.05), prolongated expulsive(OR: 2.96; p<0.01), meconial amniotic fluid (OR: 4.06; p<0.05), cesarea (OR: 3.52; p<0.01). Conclusions:Prematurity, low weight at birth, preeclampsia, prolongated expulsive, meconial amniotic fluidand cesarean were risk factors asociated to low apgar puntuation inTesi

Perfect state transfers by selective quantum interferences within complex spin networks

We present a method that implement directional, perfect state transfers within a branched spin network by exploiting quantum interferences in the time-domain. That provides a tool to isolate subsystems from a large and complex one. Directionality is achieved by interrupting the spin-spin coupled evolution with periods of free Zeeman evolutions, whose timing is tuned to be commensurate with the relative phases accrued by specific spin pairs. This leads to a resonant transfer between the chosen qubits, and to a detuning of all remaining pathways in the network, using only global manipulations. As the transfer is perfect when the selected pathway is mediated by 2 or 3 spins, distant state transfers over complex networks can be achieved by successive recouplings among specific pairs/triads of spins. These effects are illustrated with a quantum simulator involving 13C NMR on Leucine's backbone; a six-spin network.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Sobrecarga laboral y Síndrome de Burnout en el personal de salud de un Hospital de Tumbes, 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer la correlación entre la variable Sobrecarga laboral y la variable síndrome de burnout en el personal de salud de un Hospital de Tumbes, 2022. El enfoque fue cuantitativo, el tipo de estudio se estableció como aplicada, el diseño fue no-experimental de corte transversal y el nivel correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por personal de salud a contrato plazo fijo, compuesto por 90 personas de un Hospital de Tumbes. Se halló la confiabilidad (α-cronbach) para los instrumentos de ambas variables, obteniéndose valores de 0.896 y 0.892, interpretándose como instrumentos con alta confiabilidad. La investigación obtuvo como resultados que existe relación significativa positiva moderada entre la variables sobrecarga laboral y síndrome de burnout en el personal de salud de un Hospital de Tumbes, 2022; se encontró un valor de Rho de Spearman de 0.477 y una ρ-valor de 0.000 (ρ< 0.05). Concluyendo que se confirma la existencia de una nivel de sobrecarga laboral moderada en la opinión del 94.5% de los encuestados y la existencia de una Síndrome de Burnout moderado en la opinión del 74.4% de los encuestados. Así mismo se concluye que a mayor sobrecarga laboral mayor síndrome de Burnout

Convection-parameterized and convection-permitting modelling of heavy precipitation in decadal simulations of the greater Alpine region with COSMO-CLM

Heavy precipitation is a challenging phenomenon with high impact on human lives and infrastructure, and thus a better modelling of its characteristics can improve understanding and simulation at climate timescales. The achievement of convection-permitting modelling (CPM) resolutions (Δx<4 km) has brought relevant advancements in its representation. However, further research is needed on how the very high resolution and switching-off of the convection parameterization affects the representation of processes related to heavy precipitation. In this study, we evaluate reanalysis-driven simulations for the greater Alpine area over the period 2000–2015 and assess the differences in representing heavy precipitation and other model variables in a CPM setup with a grid size of 3 km and a regional climate model (RCM) setup at 25 km resolution using the COSMO-CLM model. We validate our simulations against high-resolution observations (E-OBS (ENSEMBLES observations), HYRAS (Hydrometeorologische Rasterdatensätze), MSWEP (Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation), and UWYO (University of Wyoming)). The study presents a revisited version of the precipitation severity index (PSI) for severe event detection, which is a useful method to detect severe events and is flexible for prioritizing long-lasting events and episodes affecting typically drier areas. Furthermore, we use principal component analysis (PCA) to obtain the main modes of heavy precipitation variance and the associated synoptic weather types (WTs). The PCA showed that four WTs suffice to explain the synoptic situations associated with heavy precipitation in winter, due to stationary fronts and zonal flow regimes. Whereas in summer, five WTs are needed to classify the majority of heavy precipitation events. They are associated with upper-level elongated troughs over western Europe, sometimes evolving into cutoff lows, or with winter-like situations of strong zonal circulation. The results indicate that CPM represents higher precipitation intensities, better rank correlation, better hit rates for extremes detection, and an improved representation of heavy precipitation amount and structure for selected events compared to RCM. However, CPM overestimates grid point precipitation rates, which agrees with findings in past literature. CPM systematically represents more precipitation at the mountain tops. However, the RCMs may show large intensities in other regions. Integrated water vapour and equivalent potential temperature at 850 hPa are systematically larger in RCM compared to CPM in heavy precipitation situations (up to 2 mm and 3 K, respectively) due to wetter mid-level conditions and an intensified latent heat flux over the sea. At the ground level, CPM emits more latent heat than RCM over land (15 W m−2), bringing larger specific humidity north of the Alps (1 g kg−1) and higher CAPE (convective available potential energy) values (100 J kg−1). RCM, on the contrary simulates a wetter surface level over Italy and the Mediterranean Sea. Surface temperatures in RCM are up to 2 ∘C higher in RCM than in CPM. This causes outgoing longwave radiation to be larger in RCM compared to CPM over those areas (10 W m−2). Our analysis emphasizes the improvements of CPM for heavy precipitation modelling and highlights the differences against RCM that should be considered when using COSMO-CLM climate simulations

Sequential capillarity-assisted particle assembly in a microfluidic channel

The authors acknowledge support from an ETH Research Grant ETH-15 17-1 (R. S.), from an ETH Postdoctoral Fellowship FEL-21 15-2 and SNSF PRIMA Grant 179834 (E. S.), from a Postdoctoral fellowships programme “Beatriu de Pinós”, funded by the Secretary of Universities and Research (Government of Catalonia) and by the Horizon 2020 programme of research and innovation of the European Union under the Marie Sklodwoska-Curie grant agreement no. 801370 (Grant 2018 BP 00029) (M. A. F. R.) and from a Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Investigator Award on Aquatic Microbial Symbiosis (grant GBMF9197) (R. S.). The authors thank Dr. Heiko Wolf at IBM Research Zurich for insightful discussions.Colloidal patterning enables the placement of a wide range of materials into prescribed spatial arrangements, as required in a variety of applications, including micro- and nano-electronics, sensing, and plasmonics. Directed colloidal assembly methods, which exploit external forces to place particles with high yield and great accuracy, are particularly powerful. However, currently available techniques require specialized equipment, which limits their applicability. Here, we present a microfluidic platform to produce versatile colloidal patterns within a microchannel, based on sequential capillarity-assisted particle assembly (sCAPA). This new microfluidic technology exploits the capillary forces resulting from the controlled motion of an evaporating droplet inside a microfluidic channel to deposit individual particles in an array of traps microfabricated onto a substrate. Sequential depositions allow the generation of a desired spatial layout of colloidal particles of single or multiple types, dictated solely by the geometry of the traps and the filling sequence. We show that the platform can be used to create a variety of patterns and that the microfluidic channel easily allows surface functionalization of trapped particles. By enabling colloidal patterning to be carried out in a controlled environment, exploiting equipment routinely used in microfluidics, we demonstrate an easy-to-build platform that can be implemented in microfluidics labs.ETH Research Grant ETH-15 17-1ETH Postdoctoral Fellowship FEL-21 15-2SNSF PRIMA Grant 179834Postdoctoral fellowships programme "Beatriu de Pinos" - Government of CataloniaHorizon 2020 programme of research and innovation of the European Union under the Marie Sklodwoska-Curie grant 801370 2018 BP 00029Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Investigator Award on Aquatic Microbial Symbiosis GBMF919

Feedback-Controlled Active Brownian Colloids with Space-Dependent Rotational Dynamics

The non-thermal nature of self-propelling colloids offers new insights into non-equilibrium physics. The central mathematical model to describe their trajectories is active Brownian motion, where a particle moves with a constant speed, while randomly changing direction due to rotational diffusion. While several feedback strategies exist to achieve position-dependent velocity, the possibility of spatial and temporal control over rotational diffusion, which is inherently dictated by thermal fluctuations, remains untapped. Here, we decouple rotational diffusion from thermal noise. Using external magnetic fields and discrete-time feedback loops, we tune the rotational diffusivity of active colloids above and below its thermal value at will and explore a rich range of phenomena including anomalous diffusion, directed transport, and localization. These findings add a new dimension to the control of active matter, with implications for a broad range of disciplines, from optimal transport to smart materials