Avaliação da reprodutibilidade dos núcleos metálicos fundidos em função da quantidade e posicionamento dos padrões de resina no anel de fundição

The aim of this study was the evaluation about the influence of the quantity and the localization of resin patterns to cast metallic posts in its diameter and length reproduction. Seventy-two patterns for posts were fabricated by using prefabricated FKG plastic posts and divided for casting in 3 groups: G1-small ring/4 patterns, G2- medium ring/6 patterns, G3- big ring/8 patterns. Half of the patterns of each group were placed on the right side of the ring midline and the other half, on the left side, in order to guide the ring inside of the centrifuge. Using the comparative microscope, measures of diameter and length in different places were obtained before and after casting. The results were submitted to statistic analysis (ANOVA two way and Tukey's test), to make possible these observations: 1°) the position of patterns didn't influenced the measured dimensions. 2°) the same happened with the quantity of patterns inside the ring. 3°) only the pins of group G3 have presented statistically significant diameter differences. In conclusion, 1°) the position of patterns inside the ring and its quantity did not result in significant changes in pins length and diameter. 2°) Although there were no significant length alterations, significant ones were observed in the diameters 3, 6, and 9mm of Group G3.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do número e localização de padrões de resina para fundição de núcleos metálicos fundidos (NMF), na reprodução do diâmetro e comprimento dos pinos. Foram confeccionados 72 padrões de resina utilizando pinos plásticos pré-fabricados e divididos para fundição em 3 grupos: G1- anel pequeno/4padrões, G2- anel médio/6 padrões e G3-anel grande/8 padrões. Metade deles foi posicionada à direita da linha média do anel e metade à esquerda, servindo de orientação para posicionar o anel na centrífuga. Através do microscópio comparador foram obtidas medidas antes e depois da fundição, tanto do comprimento quanto do diâmetro em diferentes locais. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística (ANOVA a dois critérios e Tukey), possibilitando as seguintes observações: 1°) a posição dos padrões não exerceu influência nas dimensões mensuradas. 2°) o mesmo ocorreu com a quantidade de padrões dentro do anel. 3°) apenas em relação ao diâmetro (3 e 6mm) dos pinos do grupo G3, houve diferença estatisticamente significante. Conclui-se que: 1°) a posição do padrão dentro do anel e o número de padrões não resultou em alteração significativa do comprimento e diâmetro dos pinos. 2°) A variação de diâmetro (3, 6, e 9mm) foi significante apenas para os pinos do grupo G3

Effect of repeated immersion solution cycles on the color stability of denture tooth acrylic resins

OBJECTIVE: Chemical solutions have been widely used for disinfection of dentures, but their effect on color stability of denture tooth acrylic resins after repeated procedures is still unclear. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate whether repeated cycles of chemical disinfectants affected the color stability of two denture tooth acrylic resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty disc-shaped specimens (40 mm x 3 mm) were fabricated from two different brands (Artiplus and Trilux) of denture tooth acrylic resin. The specimens from each brand (n=30) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=5) and immersed in the following solutions: distilled water (control group) and 5 disinfecting solutions (1% sodium hypochlorite, 2% sodium hypochlorite, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 2% glutaraldehyde, and 4% chlorhexidine gluconate). Tooth color measurements were made by spectrophotometry. Before disinfection, the initial color of each tooth was recorded. Further color measurements were determined after subjecting the specimens to 7, 21, 30, 45, 60, and 90 immersion cycles in each tested solution. Color differences (ΔE*) were determined using the CIE L*a*b* color system. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey tests. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in ΔE* among the 5 disinfectants and water during the 90 cycles of immersion for both denture tooth acrylic resins. Distilled water promoted the greatest color change in both denture tooth acrylic resins, nevertheless none of tested disinfectants promoted ΔE* values higher than 1.0 on these acrylic materials during the 90 cycles of disinfection. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated immersion cycles in disinfecting solutions alter ΔE* values, however these values do not compromise the color of the tested denture tooth acrylic resins because they are imperceptible to the human eye

Lesões da cavidade oral de cães : 720 casos

Seven hundred twenty cases of oral cavity lesions in dogs were diagnosed from 2015 to 2020 in Distrito Federal, Brazil. Four hundred thirty-two (60%) lesions were neoplastic, and 288 (40%) were non-neoplastic. Of the neoplasms, 229 (53%) were considered malignant and 203 (47%) benign, affecting mainly males, of 43 different breeds, with an average age of 9.4 years, mainly the gum and lip. Melanoma was the most (96/432, 22.2%) commonly diagnosed neoplasm, followed by peripheral odontogenic fibroma (68/432, 15.7%), papilloma (63/432, 14.5%) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (56/432, 12.9%). Non-neoplastic lesions also affected males predominantly, from 41 different breeds, with an average age of 8.9 years, mainly in the gums, lip, and tongue. These lesions were diagnosed as inflammatory (230/288, 79.8%), hyperplastic (47/288, 16.3%) and other lesions (11/288, 3.8%).Foram estudados 720 casos de lesões na cavidade oral em cães diagnosticados entre 2015 e 2020, no Distrito Federal. Dessas alterações, 432 (60%) foram neoplásicas e 288 (40%) não neoplásicas. Dentre os neoplasmas, 229 (53%) foram consideradas malignos e 203 (47%) benignos, acometendo principalmente machos, de 43 raças diferentes, com idade média 9,4 anos, afetando principalmente gengiva e lábio. Melanoma foi o neoplasma mais comumente diagnosticado (96/432; 22,2%), seguido do fibroma odontogênico periférico (68/432; 15,7%), papiloma (63/432; 14,5%) e carcinoma de células escamosas (56/432; 12,9%). As lesões não neoplásicas também acometeram predominantemente machos, de 41 raças diferentes, com idade média 8,9 anos, afetando principalmente gengiva, lábio e língua. Essas lesões foram diagnosticadas como inflamatórias (230/288; 79,8%), hiperplásicas (47/288; 16,3%) e como outras alterações (11/288; 3,8%)

Death Cafe como uma estratégia formativa em fonoaudiologia paliativista

RESUMO As intervenções fonoaudiológicas podem ser influenciadas pela forma como se pensa, sente e fala sobre a morte e o morrer. A literatura sugere que o (futuro) fonoaudiólogo deve aprender a administrar suas respostas emocionais relacionadas à morte e ao morrer e ampliar suas perspectivas para considerar a morte e o morrer como parte da experiência humana, por meio de estratégias formativas reflexivas e de aprendizagem experiencial, assemelhando-se às características de um Death Cafe, tornando seu uso formativo potencialmente aplicável neste contexto. O Death Cafe é uma franquia social global com regras preestabelecidas, em que as pessoas se reúnem para discutir livremente a morte como parte da vida, sem objetivos ou temas predefinidos, distinguindo-se do apoio ao luto, palestras e afins. Estudos discutem os benefícios da participação de estudantes e profissionais de saúde em Death Cafe, incluindo a transformação da morte numa perspectiva naturalista, a exploração da humanidade do morrer, a reavaliação de como abordam e querem abordar os cuidados de fim de vida, a gestão das emoções e a melhoria do julgamento clínico

Evolution of Penicillin Non-susceptibility Among Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates Recovered From Asymptomatic Carriage and Invasive Disease Over 25 years in Brazil, 1990–2014

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia and meningitis, and it is also found as a commensal, colonizing the human upper respiratory tract of a portion of the human population. Its polysaccharide capsule allows the recognition of more than 90 capsular types and represents the target of the currently available pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), such as the 10-valent (PCV10) and the 13-valent (PCV13). Penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci (PNSP) have been listed as one of the current major antimicrobial-resistant pathogen threats. In Brazil, the emergence of PNSP was initially detected in the mid 1990s and PCV10 has been part of the National Immunization Program since 2010. Here, we investigated the distribution of capsular types and penicillin susceptibility profiles of 783 pneumococcal strains isolated in Brazil between 1990 and 2014 to assess the evolution of penicillin non-susceptibility among pneumococci associated with asymptomatic carriage and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). The most common serotypes among carriage isolates were 19F, 6B, 6C, 23F, and 14. Among IPD isolates, the most frequent types were 14, 3, 6B, 5, 19F, and 4. We detected 21 types exclusively associated with IPD isolates, whereas non-typeable (NT) isolates were only detected in carriage. Nearly half of the isolates belonged to PCV10 serotypes, which remarkably decreased in occurrence (by nearly 50%) after PCV10 introduction (2011–2014), while non-PCV10 serotypes increased. PNSP frequency and levels were much higher among carriage isolates, but PNSP belonging to PCV10 serotypes were more common in IPD. While the occurrence of PNSP has decreased significantly among IPD isolates since 2011, it kept increasing among carriage strains. Such a difference can be attributed to the serotypes that emerged in each clinical source after PCV10 usage. PNSP with multidrug resistance profiles that emerged within carriage isolates comprised mostly serotypes 6C and 35B, as well as NT isolates. In turn, penicillin-susceptible capsular types 3, 20, and 8 have risen among IPD. Overall, our results reinforce the relevance of PNSP surveillance over a long period of time to better understand the dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in response to PCV introduction and may also contribute to improve control measures toward drug-resistant pneumococci