Root ZX Electronic Foramen Locator: An Ex Vivo Study of Its Three Models’ Precision and Reproducibility

Although Root ZX is considered the gold standard electronic foramen locator (EFL), two variations of this device were launched, however without different operating mechanisms. This investigation aims to evaluate the precision of Root ZX (RZX), Root ZX II (RII), and Root ZX Mini (RM) EFLs. After access cavity preparation, 32 mandibular single rooted human premolars had their real length measured with the aid of a #15 K-type manual file under magnification (25x). Electronic measurements were performed by the devices in an alternate order until the apical foramen was reached (0.0). Each measurement was performed with adjusted file to the real length of the teeth and verified with a digital caliper. The accuracy of the EFLs was 68.8% (RZX), 65.8% (RII), and 68.8% (RM), considering ±0.5 mm as a margin of tolerance. The mean errors of the devices were 0.37±0.25 mm (RZX), 0.41±0.34 mm (RII), and 0.32±0.28 mm (RM). ANOVA and Tukey test were applied to analyze the obtained data, which showed that there were no statistically significant differences among the locators (P>.05). It can be concluded that the three tested devices demonstrated precise measurements of the real length of the canal without performance differences among them

APLICABILIDADE DO ULTRASSOM NA TERAPIA ENDODÔNTICA MODERNA

Nos últimos anos, o tratamento endodôntico beneficiou-se do desenvolvimento de novas técnicas e equipamentos, que possibilitou melhorias nos resultados e na previsibilidade. Componentes importantes, como o microscópio cirúrgico e o ultrassom (US), vem sendo aplicados e se tornando indispensáveis em vários procedimentos odontológicos, onde tem um destaque maior na Endodontia. O US é usado para diversas finalidades como: agitação de irrigantes, remoção de instrumentos fraturados, aplicação de medicação intracanal e na obturação do Sistema de Canais Radiculares. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se analisar, por meio de revisão de literatura, a utilização e eficácia do US durante a terapia endodôntica. Para isto, realizou-se uma busca nos bancos de dados PubMed, LILACS e Scielo, utilizando os descritores Endodontics, Ultrasound e Root Canal, entre 2009 e 2019. Foram encontrados 64 artigos, destes, 08 foram selecionados após análise de títulos e resumos. Como critérios de inclusão, selecionou-se estudos clínicos e laboratoriais utilizando dentes humanos e bovinos, sendo excluídos revisões de literatura e casos clínicos. Verificou-se que o US pode ser considerado uma tecnologia segura que aumenta a precisão e eficácia de alguns procedimentos e técnicas em Endodontia, representando uma evolução no que diz respeito a terapia endodôntica tradicional

Avaliação do conhecimento dos estudantes de Graduação em Odontologia sobre os medicamentos Bisfosfonatos e suas implicações no tratamento odontológico: estudo em uma subpopulação / Evaluation of the knowledge of dentistry undergraduate students about Bisphosphonates drugs and their implications in dental treatment: evaluation of a subpopulation

INTRODUÇÃO: Os bisfosfonatos (BFs) têm sido empregados no tratamento de doenças que ocasionam perda de massa óssea, pois reduzem a ação dos osteoclastos, diminuindo assim o remodelamento ósseo e aumentando a mineralização e a matriz óssea. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o conhecimento de graduandos sobre o uso dos BFs e suas implicações no tratamento odontológico. MÉTODOS: Um questionário estruturado foi aplicado simultaneamente e com impossibilidade de consulta a dois grupos de estudantes: G1- 5º período; G2- 10º período. RESULTADOS: Todos os estudantes afirmaram conhecer os BFs e as possíveis reações adversas do seu uso; 33,33% relataram ter atendido algum paciente que fazia uso de BFs. A totalidade de G1 afirmou saber a quais tipos de morbidades esse medicamento é indicado, já em G2 15% relataram não saber. A morbidade mais indicada foi a osteoporose (85,83%). Quanto aos procedimentos que devem ser evitados, os mais assinalados foram implantes (78,33%) e extrações (74,16%). Em relação a consequência do desrespeito às contraindicações, 89,16% responderam osteonecrose dos ossos maxilares. Quanto à forma de administração que mais se relaciona com efeitos adversos na cavidade bucal a mais assinalada em G1 foi via oral (43,33%); G2 via endovenosa (60%). No tocante a identificação dos BFs o mais identificado foi o Alendronato (70,83%). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados apontam conhecimento satisfatório dos acadêmicos sobre os BFs, todavia, pequena confusão existiu quanto às indicações destes fármacos, além da osteoporose, e quanto aos tratamentos odontológicos contraindicados; apenas o BF mais divulgado foi identificado pela maioria da amostra

Removal of Separated Endodontic K-File with the Aid of Hypodermic Needle and Cyanoacrylate

A wide range of accidents might happen during the treatment of the root canal system, where the instrument separation is one of the most unpleasant occurrences. Several techniques have been developed to facilitate the removal of the fragments; however, they generally require specific devices that not always are available to the clinician. The aim of this case report is to present a simple alternative technique to remove from the root canals manual instruments fractured during the treatment. The case has its outline based on a 31-year-old patient who sought the clinic to have her maxillary first left premolar rehabilitated. The clinic and radiographic examinations revealed the need of endodontic retreatment and the presence of a fragment of a K-file instrument localized at the apical third of the palatine canal. The retreatment was initiated by the removal of the obturation materials followed by several unsuccessful attempts to take out the fractured instrument. Hence, it was chosen to perform the fragment removal using a hypodermic needle and cyanoacrylate adhesive. The fragment easily came out, which reinforces the technique adopted as a safe, simple, and low cost mean to solve the problem of fractured instruments using only items already present in the endodontic arsenal

Root ZX Electronic Foramen Locator: An Ex Vivo Study of Its Three Models' Precision and Reproducibility

Although Root ZX is considered the gold standard electronic foramen locator (EFL), two variations of this device were launched, however without different operating mechanisms. This investigation aims to evaluate the precision of Root ZX (RZX), Root ZX II (RII), and Root ZX Mini (RM) EFLs. After access cavity preparation, 32 mandibular single rooted human premolars had their real length measured with the aid of a #15 K-type manual file under magnification (25x). Electronic measurements were performed by the devices in an alternate order until the apical foramen was reached (0.0). Each measurement was performed with adjusted file to the real length of the teeth and verified with a digital caliper. The accuracy of the EFLs was 68.8% (RZX), 65.8% (RII), and 68.8% (RM), considering ±0.5 mm as a margin of tolerance. The mean errors of the devices were 0.37 ± 0.25 mm (RZX), 0.41 ± 0.34 mm (RII), and 0.32 ± 0.28 mm (RM). ANOVA and Tukey test were applied to analyze the obtained data, which showed that there were no statistically significant differences among the locators ( > .05). It can be concluded that the three tested devices demonstrated precise measurements of the real length of the canal without performance differences among them

Association between Polyphenol Intake and Lipid Profile of Adults and Elders in a Northeastern Brazilian Capital

This research was aimed at evaluating the relationship between the estimated polyphenol intake and the atherogenic lipid profile in adult and elder residents in the city of Teresina, located in the Northeastern Region of Brazil. This study was a cross-sectional population-based survey with 501 adults and elders, conducted in Teresina, Brazil. Food intake was obtained by 24-h food recall. The estimated polyphenol intake was calculated by multiplying the food consumption data from the recall by the polyphenol content in the foods described in the Phenol-Explorer database. The mean intake of total polyphenols was 1006.53 mg/day. The phenolic acids was the class with the highest intake, followed by the flavonols. Coffee, beans and apples were the main foods contributing to the total polyphenol intake. In the individuals with elevated serum concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides, the intake of total polyphenols was significantly higher. The intake of total polyphenols, phenolic acids and lignans was higher in the subjects with dyslipidemia. This article provides, for the first time, data on the intake of the total polyphenol classes and subclasses in the evaluated population and the relationship with the lipid profile. The individuals with a higher intake of total polyphenols had a worse lipid profile, which may be a consequence of an improved diet in those individuals who present with dyslipidemia

Lycopene-Rich Extract from Red Guava (<i>Psidium guajava</i> L.) Decreases Plasma Triglycerides and Improves Oxidative Stress Biomarkers on Experimentally-Induced Dyslipidemia in Hamsters

This work assessed the effects of a 28-day treatment with lycopene-rich extract (LRE) from red guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.) on the lipid profile and oxidative stress in an experimental model of dyslipidemia. Male hamsters (116.5 &#177; 2.16 g) were fed with the AIN 93G diet containing casein (20%), coconut fat (13.5%) and cholesterol (0.1%). The animals were divided into four groups: normolipidemic control (standard feed; NC, n = 7); hypercholesterolemic control (HC, n = 7); LRE 25 mg/kg/day (LRE-25, n = 7) and LRE 50 mg/kg/day (LRE-50, n = 9). After treatment, plasma concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-c), malondialdehyde (MDA-p) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD-e) and the atherogenic index, were determined. Malondialdehyde (MDA-h), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD-h) levels were assessed. Feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) were also determined. The LRE-25 group presented significantly lower TG levels and atherogenic index than did the HC group (p &lt; 0.05). Both LRE-25 and LRE-50 groups presented lower levels of MDA-p and MPO than did the HC group (p &lt; 0.05). LRE demonstrated a promising effect against dyslipidemia and oxidative stress