La hegemonía cuestionada. Un análisis textual y contextual de Semanario CGT

En los últimos años de la década del sesenta el proceso de radicalización político-ideológica acontecido en Argentina fue acompañado por la redefinición del enemigo interno, realizada en el marco de la Doctrina de la Seguridad Nacional. En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis interpretativo del Semanario CGT, publicación perteneciente a la CGT (Confederación General del Trabajo) de los Argentinos, indagando el modo en que las figuras del subversivo se articularon con actividades concretas de resistencia a las prácticas represivas. En tal sentido, se busca dar cuenta de la correspondencia entre esa disputa simbólica y la conformación del espacio político que la posibilita, cuyo rasgo distintivo fue la confluencia entre sectores obreros e intelectuales. Contrainformación y organización constituyen los pilares de ese proyecto político que apostó a una construcción contrahegemónica que hiciera frente a la dictadura instaurada en 1966

La realidad en imágenes : La producción audiovisual de la noticia en los años sesenta

Mucho se ha hablado ya de la mediatización de las sociedades y de la importancia de la televisión en dicho proceso. Su especificidad técnica -la transmisión en vivo y en directo- posibilitó un nuevo y potente tratamiento de la realidad, a partir del cual adquirió relevancia el discurso de la información. En Argentina, los programas informativos El Reporter Esso y Telenoche, surgidos en 1963 y 1966 respectivamente, suelen considerarse productos innovadores en el campo periodístico. Sin embargo, sus propuestas tanto temáticas como estéticas guardan similitudes significativas con las producciones del noticiario cinematográfico que desde fines de la década del treinta se proyectaba en las salas de cine de todo el país. Este trabajo investiga las mixturas entre el noticiario cinematográfico y el televisivo, pensándolos como producciones situadas dentro de un campo de prácticas audiovisuales, dentro del cual se suponen en tanto horizonte de sentido. Tomando como casos dos emisiones de Telenoche (de julio de 1966) y una de El Reporter Esso (marzo de 1963), se efectúa un análisis de contenido y de las condiciones de producción, a partir de la visualización de los materiales y de la realización de entrevistas a dos participantes de los programas.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Migrants\u27 Perceptions of Key Factors Contributing to Their Migration from Croatia and Decision to Remain Abroad

Hrvatska se kontinuirano suočava s padom broja stanovnika, ponajviše zbog niske stope nataliteta te migracije mladih i kvalificiranih radnika iz Hrvatske. Stoga je važno razumjeti glavne pokretače migracija, položaj hrvatskih migranata u inozemstvu te čimbenike koji mogu potaknuti njihov povratak. U ovom će se radu prikazati i analizirati dio empirijskih rezultata istraživanja Demografski potencijal hrvatskog iseljeništva koje provodi Institut za migracije i narodnosti u sklopu projekta »Mreža 2050 – Demografija, od izazova do odgovora«, a koji se odnosi na prva dva od spomenutih aspekata. U anketnom ispitivanju sudjelovalo je 497 ispitanika (Hrvata koji trenutačno žive u inozemstvu a većina ih je napustila Hrvatsku između 2016. i 2021.) koji su putem online upitnika dali svoje mišljenje o čimbenicima utjecaja na vlastitu odluku o iseljavanju. Upitnik je sadržavao uglavnom zatvorena pitanja s mogućnošću davanja i otvorenog odgovora. Predstavljeni su i raspravljeni glavni mikro i makročimbenici koji utječu na migraciju i aspiracije za migracijom prema percepciji sudionika te percepcije o aktualnim životnim okolnostima. Rezultati su pokazali da su čimbenici na makrorazini, koji se odnose na radne uvjete i stopu zaposlenosti, povezani s čimbenicima na mikrorazini, kao što je osobni socioekonomski status. Radne mogućnosti i radno okruženje smatrani su glavnim razlozima odlaska, a politička situacija donekle važnim čimbenikom koji utječe na osobnu kvalitetu života.Croatia has been facing a population decline, mainly due to a low birth rate and the emigration of young and qualified workers. Considering the historical and dynamic aspects of emigration (Draženović, Kunovac and Pripužić, 2018), leading to depopulation, it is necessary to investigate all contributing factors in Croatia and explore potential models and measures to mitigate these unfavourable processes. Apart from Germany, Croatian citizens have emigrated mostly to Ireland and Austria since the country acceded to the EU (Pokos, 2017). Research confirms that the number of Croatian citizens who immigrated to Germany, Ireland and Austria in 2016 was, on average, 62% higher than the official data reported by the Republic of Croatia (Jerić, 2019). The increasingly intensive emigration of the young and able-bodied population additionally contributes to a rapidly ageing population, exerting strong pressure on the sustainability of the pension system (Družić, Beg and Raguž Krištić, 2016) and underscores the importance of investigating the reasons for emigration and the factors essential for return. Migration is also an important area of interest for the European Union due to its exceptional impact on all aspects of society. Increased opportunities for mobility, advances in technology that provide access to information sources, and societal changes strongly suggest the need for policymakers to examine the micro, meso, and macro drivers that influence migration or potentially influence a person\u27s decision not to migrate or remigrate. Governments require migration analysis to create informed migration policies, including citizen participation in the policy development process. The perspectives of migrants and their behaviour should be taken into account when creating policies to better understand the key success factors needed for the desired outcomes of migrants (European Commission, 2020). According to Fargues (2017), migration is a complex process that is constantly changing as a result of various local, international, and global situations, highlighting the need for con¬tinual investigation and repeated surveying of the population. Within the current demographic climate, the World Youth Alliance Croatia (SSMH) launched the project “Network 2050 – Demography, From Challenges to Answers”, co-financed by the European Social Fund. The project is based on intersectoral cooperation, identified as necessary for improving collaborative efforts to address the effects of negative demographic trends on the social and economic development of Croatia and develop measures for demographic revitalisation. This paper will present the data and analysis of the empirical results of the research conducted by the Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies. The study focuses on emigrants\u27 opinions and perspectives regarding the factors that influenced their decision to migrate. This includes their own perceptions of the situation in Croatia, as well as abroad in their host country, which played a role in their decision-making process and continues to potentially impact them. Additionally, the paper explores the emigrants’ perception of their current life circumstances. The target group comprised Croats currently living as expatriates in European countries. A total of 497 respondents, Croats currently living abroad, most of whom left Croatia between 2016 and 2021, took part in the survey. Three main research questions guided the investigation: 1) What are the key drivers of migration at the micro, meso, and macro levels that influence the decision to emigrate or stay, according to the perception of emigrants from Croatia?; 2) What factors influence the decision of Croats to stay abroad?; and, 3) What are the key factors that influence the decision to return to Croatia? For the purposes of this paper, the general results related to research questions 1 and 2 will be presented. The instrument used for data collection was an online questionnaire that respondents filled out independently. The questionnaire consisted of 62 questions, mostly closed-ended, with only a few open-ended questions to accommodate additional information if participants chose to elaborate on their perceptions. Including this option also allowed for the possibility of results that were not expected by the research team. The questions were divided into five thematic chapters: sociodemographic data, migration status, socioeconomic status, returnee motivational status, and identity and value system. The questionnaire was administered with special attention to the time of completion, clarity, and appropriateness of the questions. The data collection process included advertising the research project and posting calls for participation on various social media networks across platforms managed by members of various Croatian dias¬pora groups. Additionally, advertising was conducted through social groups and institutions, as well as using the snowball method. Data was collected during the period from July to October 2021. At the beginning, the purpose of the questionnaire was explained, and respondents were informed that their participation was voluntary with the possibility to withdraw at any time. Consistency in the questionnaire administration was achieved by exclusively offering it online. A total of 500 responses were received, of which 497 were valid, while three questionnaires were partially filled. Only key socio-demographic information was collected and, together with the respondents\u27 personal perceptions, it was examined in relation to the key drivers of emigration. Their perception is the key feedback that can help state authorities and policymakers in designing measures aimed at retaining the population and attract¬ing potential returnees. Their perception was viewed as potentially showing indica¬tors of migration drivers, push and pull factors, as well as demonstrating public perception around key issues and policies, and the type of information (including its accuracy) used to inform migration. Respecting the perception of the general public when creating policies is in line with the concepts promoted by the EU Parliament (2020), which encourages the participation of citizens in decision-making. According to the obtained sociodemographic data, 208 respondents (41.9%) were female, and 289 respondents (58.1%) were male. The most represented age category (39%) was 30–39 years old. Additionally, 24% of respondents were between 40 and 49 years old, 22% were between 18 and 29 years old 9.5 % were between 50 and 59 years old, 3.2% were 60–69 years old and 2% were between 70 and 81 years old. This indicates that the majority of respondents who leave are younger than 40, i.e. in the reproductive age group. The results obtained support the relevance of the research by Družić, Beg and Raguž Krištić (2016), who warn about the loss of the young population in Croatia, which results in population ageing. The majority (78.3%) were born in Croatia, and the next significant group (13.1%) was born in Bosnia and Herzego¬vina. The largest group of respondents, at the time of the questionnaire, lived in Germany, followed by the numerically significant groups in Great Britain, Ireland and Sweden. The trend shown by the majority of respondents coming from Germany is in line with the large wave of migration to Germany since 2013 when Croatia entered the EU, and since July 2015 when the labour market in Germany was opened to Croatia. Jurić (2022) and Pokos (2017) describe Germany as still the most desirable country for Croatian emigration. The results showed that macro-level factors related to working conditions and employment rates influence micro-level factors, such as socioeconomic status. Work opportunities and the working environment were perceived as somewhat important because respondents believe that these aspects affect their personal quality of life. An interesting result is that the number of respondents who stated that they were married or in a partnership doubled after moving. It is worth mentioning that Jang, Cast¬erline and Snyder (2014) warn that the longer the time spent abroad, the stronger the ties made, potentially leading to the establishment of family life connected to the host country. This could negatively affect the potential decision to return. The influence of this factor at the micro level requires further research to show the possible impact of marriages abroad on the mobility of new families and their possible return to Croatia, especially if Croatia\u27s goal is to encourage the return of its emigrants. The results of this study, as well as the recommendations of researchers such as Kis, Ozdemir and Ward (2015) on the importance of improving working conditions and wages as a means of improving living conditions, are useful for formulating strategies for population retention. Additionally, certain political restrictions can negatively affect the achievement of the country\u27s migration goals (Boswell, 2002), which, in the case of Croatia, involves return migration and population retention

My prosthesis and I. The state of dental prostheses, regarding hygiene and their adaptation, in relation to associated oral pathologies

Introducción: La pérdida de las piezas dentarias ocasiona en los adultos mayores una deficiencia masticatoria, estética y fonética. Si bien con los distintos tipos de prótesis dentales se restablecen estas funciones, poca conciencia se genera sobre el cuidado de la salud bucal o como mantener las prótesis, ya que muchas lesiones de la cavidad bucal están asociadas a ellas. Es esencial comprender que esta población es más propensa y presenta mayor riesgo de padecer alteraciones en su sistema estomatognático debido a patologías preexistentes. Por consiguiente, es de suma importancia incorporar actividades que promuevan medidas preventivas de higiene oral, con la finalidad de disminuir las alteraciones de orden infeccioso, traumático, degenerativo y tumoral. Objetivo General: Generar un espacio de educación y concientización sobre la salud bucodental y cuidado de prótesis dentales.Introduction: The loss of teeth causes a chewing, aesthetic and phonetic deficiency in older adults. Although these functions can be restored with different kinds of dental prostheses, exists little awareness about oral health care or how to maintain the prosthetics, since many injuries to the oral cavity are associated with them. It is essential to understand that this population is more prone and presents a greater risk of suffering alterations in their stomatognathic system due to pre-existing pathologies. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to incorporate activities that promote preventive measures of oral hygiene, in order to reduce infectious, traumatic, degenerative and tumor disorders Aim: To create a space for education and awareness about oral health and the care of dental prostheses.Facultad de Odontologí

Concientizando a los adultos mayores acerca del cuidado de sus prótesis dentales

Los objetivos de este trabajo es generar un espacio de educación y concientizacion sobre salud bucodental y cuidado de prótesis dentales. Concientizar a los adultos mayores sobre las enf. derivadas de la falta de higiene y adaptación de las prótesis dentales. Destacar la importancia en la realización de chequeos odontologicos anuales. Formar agentes multiplicadores capaces de brindarle sustentabilidad al proyecto. Se desarrollara en cuatro etapas. Se brindará información sobre el sistema estomatognático. Se capacitará a los asistentes sobre técnicas de cepillado, en portadores de prótesis dentales, correcta higiene, mantenimiento y/o conservación en óptimas condiciones de las mismas.Facultad de Odontologí

Educando a la 3ra edad sobre la higiene y adaptación de sus prótesis dentales

En los adultos mayores la pérdida de las piezas dentarias ocasiona deficiencias estéticas, fonéticas, masticatorias, deglutorias y psicosociales. Sabemos que la sola instalación de las prótesis dentales no logra restablecer por completo dichas funciones. De esta manera se pretende capacitar a los adultos mayores sobre la conservación y mantenimiento de sus prótesis dentales como también preservar su salud general y bucal mediante las siguientes acciones: enseñanza de técnica de cepillado, control de placa bacteriana, autodiagnóstico de patologías prevalentes, y conocimiento de agentes químicos aptos para la higiene de las prótesis. Este proyecto surge por requerimiento de centros de jubilados, donde casi en su totalidad los concurrentes son adultos mayores, portadores de prótesis dentales, quienes presentan escaso o nulo conocimiento y entrenamiento sobre la higiene y cuidado de las mismas.Facultad de Odontologí

Mi prótesis y yo. Parte III : Concientizando a los adultos mayores sobre el cuidado de sus prótesis dentales y salud oral

En los adultos mayores la pérdida de las piezas dentarias ocasiona deficiencias estéticas, fonéticas, masticatorias, deglutorias, psicosociales y una disminución en lo que respecta a las capacidades condicionales específicamente la coordinación fina y la oculomanual. Sabemos que la sola instalación de las prótesis dentales no logra restablecer por completo dichas funciones. Consideramos que el abordaje de estas problemáticas, requieren de un equipo interdisciplinario conformado por odontólogos, fonoaudiólogos, nutricionistas y profesores de Educación Física quienes colaboraran en la adquisición y permanencia de la motricidad fina. De esta manera se pretende capacitar a los adultos mayores sobre la conservación y mantenimiento de sus prótesis dentales como también preservar su salud general y bucal mediante las siguientes acciones: enseñanza de técnica de cepillado, control de placa bacteriana, auto diagnóstico de patologías prevalentes y conocimiento de agentes químicos aptos para la higiene de las prótesis, acciones sobre praxis oro faciales ejercitando músculos masticatorios y deglutorios, trabajando sobre la masticación y deglución incorporando ejercicios de respiración y corrigiendo las posturas correctas de boca, labios , lengua y diferentes ejercitaciones específicas lúdicas recreativas que contribuirán a la motivación y sensación de bienestar psico-físico. Este proyecto surge por requerimiento de centros de jubilados, donde casi en su totalidad los concurrentes son adultos mayores, portadores de prótesis, que poseen dificultades fonéticas, masticatorias, deglutorias y de 19 destreza manual a quienes se les dificulta realizar adecuadamente la higiene y mantenimiento de las prótesis dentales, lo cual trae aparejado la pérdida de la salud bucal y deterioro de la salud integral. Los adultos mayores son considerados un grupo heterogéneo en cuanto a afecciones que comprometen e impactan en su salud. Es esencial comprender que dicha población es más propensa y presenta un mayor riesgo de padecer alteraciones en su sistema estomatognatico debido a patologías preexistentes, traumatismos por un ajuste deficiente, efectos colaterales de medicamentos, alteraciones fonéticas, masticatorias, deglutorias, limitación en la ejecución de los movimientos entre otras.Facultad de Odontologí

Prenatal Hyperandrogenization Induces Metabolic and Endocrine Alterations Which Depend on the Levels of Testosterone Exposure

Prenatal hyperandrogenism is able to induce polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats. The aim of the present study was to establish if the levels of prenatal testosterone may determine the extent of metabolic and endocrine alterations during the adult life. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were prenatally injected with either 2 or 5 mg free testosterone (groups T2 and T5 respectively) from day 16 to day 19 day of gestation. Female offspring from T2 and T5 displayed different phenotype of PCOS during adult life. Offspring from T2 showed hyperandrogenism, ovarian cysts and ovulatory cycles whereas those from T5 displayed hyperandrogenism, ovarian cysts and anovulatory cycles. Both group showed increased circulating glucose levels after the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT; an evaluation of insulin resistance). IPGTT was higher in T5 rats and directly correlated with body weight at prepubertal age. However, the decrease in the body weight at prepubertal age was compensated during adult life. Although both groups showed enhanced ovarian steroidogenesis, it appears that the molecular mechanisms involved were different. The higher dose of testosterone enhanced the expression of both the protein that regulates cholesterol availability (the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)) and the protein expression of the transcriptional factor: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma). Prenatal hyperandrogenization induced an anti-oxidant response that prevented a possible pro-oxidant status. The higher dose of testosterone induced a pro-inflammatory state in ovarian tissue mediated by increased levels of prostaglandin E (PG) and the protein expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2, the limiting enzyme of PGs synthesis). In summary, our data show that the levels of testosterone prenatally injected modulate the uterine environment and that this, in turn, would be responsible for the endocrine and metabolic abnormalities and the phenotype of PCOS during the adult life

Tiempo de violencia. Lenguaje audiovisual, estética y modos de representación de la violencia en la década del 60 en Argentina

The bombing of the Plaza de Mayo in 1955 and the « Cordobazo » riot in 1969 are events that gained importance in the explanation of the development of social and political violence in Argentina. Both have been an object of audio-visual representation at the historic juncture in which they took place, what offers the possibility of knowing the interpretations about the social and political violence put into circulation at the time of these events. In addition, they have been an object of audio-visual representation in subsequent years, which allows to analyze the changes occurred in these interpretations. This article compares, from a sociological perspective, two documentaries realized in the second half of the 1960s: Tiempo de violencia (1966) and Ya es tiempo de violencia (1969). Identifying similarities and differences in terms of their production and their formal characteristics, the article analyses the interpretations that these documentaries propose about mentioned historical events and the significances that they construct about the violenc