Desempenho de cultivares de maracujá (Passiflora edulis f.flavicarpa) no sistema de produção orgânico

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o cultivo de primeiro ano de maracujá azedo no sistema orgânico, analisando a produtividade e a produção mensal, a fim de comparar cultivares promissoras para a região da Grande Dourados. O experimento foi instalado na área experimental da UEMS em Glória de Dourados-MS, situada a 22°24’ de latitude Sul e a 54°14’ de Longitude Oeste, numa altitude de 400 m. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 5 m entre plantas e 2,5 m entre linhas, no sistema de condução em espadeira, com um fio de arame a 1,8 m de altura. Durante o ciclo produtivo, foram realizados cultivos nas entrelinhas com as culturas do milho e feijão. Foram utilizadas pulverizações foliares do biofertilizante Agrobio a 10%, de óleo de neem a 0,3%, de calda de pimenta a 3% e de calda bordalesa a 2%. As adubações de cobertura foram realizadas com dejeto líquido de suínos na dose de dois litros por planta. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos casualizados no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com cinco tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram das cultivares BRS Gigante Amarelo, BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, FB 300 e FB 200. As colheitas se iniciaram no décimo mês após o transplante das mudas. Foi observada diferenças entre as épocas de colheita para massa fresca de frutos e produtividade, no entanto, não houve diferença quanto à produtividade entre as cultivares analisadas, considerando a produção no período de seis meses.This study aimed to evaluate the first year of cultivation of passion fruit under organic system, analyzing productivity and the monthly production, in order to compare promising cultivars for the region of Grande Dourados. The experiment was installed in the UEMS experimental area in Glória de Dourados-MS, located at 22 ° 24 'South latitude and 54 ° 14' West Longitude, elevation of 400 m. The spacing was 5 m between plants and 2.5 m between lines, trained in spalier system with a wire to 1.8 m tall. During the production cycle, cultivation was carried out between the lines with crops of corn and beans. Foliar sprays of Agrobio biofertilizer were used at 10%, also neem oil at 0.3%, pepper sauce at 3% and bordeaux mixture at 2%. Fertilization coverages were made with pig slurry at the rate of two liters per plant. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a split plot, with five treatments and three replications. Treatments consisted of BRS Yellow Giant, BRS Sun Cerrado, BRS Rubi Cerrado, FB 300 and FB 200. The crops began in the tenth month after transplanting. It was observed differences between the harvest seasons for fresh fruit weight and productivity, however, there was no difference in productivity between the cultivars analyzed, considering the production within six months.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Desempenho de cultivares de maracujá (Passiflora edulis f.flavicarpa) no sistema de produção orgânico

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o cultivo de primeiro ano de maracujá azedo no sistema orgânico, analisando a produtividade e a produção mensal, a fim de comparar cultivares promissoras para a região da Grande Dourados. O experimento foi instalado na área experimental da UEMS em Glória de Dourados-MS, situada a 22°24’ de latitude Sul e a 54°14’ de Longitude Oeste, numa altitude de 400 m. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 5 m entre plantas e 2,5 m entre linhas, no sistema de condução em espadeira, com um fio de arame a 1,8 m de altura. Durante o ciclo produtivo, foram realizados cultivos nas entrelinhas com as culturas do milho e feijão. Foram utilizadas pulverizações foliares do biofertilizante Agrobio a 10%, de óleo de neem a 0,3%, de calda de pimenta a 3% e de calda bordalesa a 2%. As adubações de cobertura foram realizadas com dejeto líquido de suínos na dose de dois litros por planta. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos casualizados no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com cinco tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram das cultivares BRS Gigante Amarelo, BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, FB 300 e FB 200. As colheitas se iniciaram no décimo mês após o transplante das mudas. Foi observada diferenças entre as épocas de colheita para massa fresca de frutos e produtividade, no entanto, não houve diferença quanto à produtividade entre as cultivares analisadas, considerando a produção no período de seis meses.This study aimed to evaluate the first year of cultivation of passion fruit under organic system, analyzing productivity and the monthly production, in order to compare promising cultivars for the region of Grande Dourados. The experiment was installed in the UEMS experimental area in Glória de Dourados-MS, located at 22 ° 24 'South latitude and 54 ° 14' West Longitude, elevation of 400 m. The spacing was 5 m between plants and 2.5 m between lines, trained in spalier system with a wire to 1.8 m tall. During the production cycle, cultivation was carried out between the lines with crops of corn and beans. Foliar sprays of Agrobio biofertilizer were used at 10%, also neem oil at 0.3%, pepper sauce at 3% and bordeaux mixture at 2%. Fertilization coverages were made with pig slurry at the rate of two liters per plant. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a split plot, with five treatments and three replications. Treatments consisted of BRS Yellow Giant, BRS Sun Cerrado, BRS Rubi Cerrado, FB 300 and FB 200. The crops began in the tenth month after transplanting. It was observed differences between the harvest seasons for fresh fruit weight and productivity, however, there was no difference in productivity between the cultivars analyzed, considering the production within six months.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Desempenho de cultivares de maracujá (Passiflora edulis f.flavicarpa) no sistema de produção orgânico

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o cultivo de primeiro ano de maracujá azedo no sistema orgânico, analisando a produtividade e a produção mensal, a fim de comparar cultivares promissoras para a região da Grande Dourados. O experimento foi instalado na área experimental da UEMS em Glória de Dourados-MS, situada a 22°24’ de latitude Sul e a 54°14’ de Longitude Oeste, numa altitude de 400 m. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 5 m entre plantas e 2,5 m entre linhas, no sistema de condução em espadeira, com um fio de arame a 1,8 m de altura. Durante o ciclo produtivo, foram realizados cultivos nas entrelinhas com as culturas do milho e feijão. Foram utilizadas pulverizações foliares do biofertilizante Agrobio a 10%, de óleo de neem a 0,3%, de calda de pimenta a 3% e de calda bordalesa a 2%. As adubações de cobertura foram realizadas com dejeto líquido de suínos na dose de dois litros por planta. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos casualizados no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com cinco tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram das cultivares BRS Gigante Amarelo, BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, FB 300 e FB 200. As colheitas se iniciaram no décimo mês após o transplante das mudas. Foi observada diferenças entre as épocas de colheita para massa fresca de frutos e produtividade, no entanto, não houve diferença quanto à produtividade entre as cultivares analisadas, considerando a produção no período de seis meses.This study aimed to evaluate the first year of cultivation of passion fruit under organic system, analyzing productivity and the monthly production, in order to compare promising cultivars for the region of Grande Dourados. The experiment was installed in the UEMS experimental area in Glória de Dourados-MS, located at 22 ° 24 'South latitude and 54 ° 14' West Longitude, elevation of 400 m. The spacing was 5 m between plants and 2.5 m between lines, trained in spalier system with a wire to 1.8 m tall. During the production cycle, cultivation was carried out between the lines with crops of corn and beans. Foliar sprays of Agrobio biofertilizer were used at 10%, also neem oil at 0.3%, pepper sauce at 3% and bordeaux mixture at 2%. Fertilization coverages were made with pig slurry at the rate of two liters per plant. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a split plot, with five treatments and three replications. Treatments consisted of BRS Yellow Giant, BRS Sun Cerrado, BRS Rubi Cerrado, FB 300 and FB 200. The crops began in the tenth month after transplanting. It was observed differences between the harvest seasons for fresh fruit weight and productivity, however, there was no difference in productivity between the cultivars analyzed, considering the production within six months.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Origins of power-law degree distribution in the heterogeneity of human activity in social networks

The probability distribution of number of ties of an individual in a social network follows a scale-free power-law. However, how this distribution arises has not been conclusively demonstrated in direct analyses of people's actions in social networks. Here, we perform a causal inference analysis and find an underlying cause for this phenomenon. Our analysis indicates that heavy-tailed degree distribution is causally determined by similarly skewed distribution of human activity. Specifically, the degree of an individual is entirely random - following a "maximum entropy attachment" model - except for its mean value which depends deterministically on the volume of the users' activity. This relation cannot be explained by interactive models, like preferential attachment, since the observed actions are not likely to be caused by interactions with other people.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figure

Lack of microsatellite instability in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

The microsatellite instability (MSI) phenotype may constitute an important biomarker for patient response to immunotherapy, particularly to anti-programmed death-1 inhibitors. MSI is a type of genomic instability caused by a defect in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, which is present mainly in colorectal cancer and its hereditary form, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) development is associated with activating mutations of KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT) or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), which are oncogenes that predict the response to imatinib mesylate. In addition to KIT/PDGFRA mutations, other molecular alterations are important in GIST development. In GISTs, the characterization of the MSI phenotype is scarce and the results are not consensual. The present study aimed to assess MSI in a series of 79 GISTs. The evaluation of MSI was performed by pentaplex polymerase chain reaction comprising five markers, followed by capillary electrophoresis. The expression of MMR proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Regarding the KIT/PDGFRA/B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase molecular profile of the 79 GISTs, 83.6% of the tumors possessed KIT mutations, 10.1% had PDGFRA mutations and 6.3% were triple wild-type. The mutated-PDGFRA cases were associated with gastric location and a lower mitotic index compared with KIT-mutated and wild-types, and these patients were more likely to be alive and without cancer. MSI analysis identified 4 cases with instability in one marker, however, additional evaluation of normal tissue and immunohistochemical staining of MMR proteins confirmed their microsatellite-stable nature. The results of the present study indicated that MSI is not involved in GIST tumorigenesis and, therefore, cannot serve as a biomarker to immunotherapy response in GIST.The present study was supported by The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (grant no. 476192/2013-7) and the São Paulo Research Foundation Doctoral Fellowship (grant no. 2013/25787-3).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio