On the Benign One-Pot Preparation of Nanoporous Copper Thin Films with Bimodal Chan-nel Size Distributions by Chemical Dealloying in an Alkaline Solution

Nanoporous copper (NPC) thin films with bimodal channel size distributions can be benignly fabricated by one-pot chemical dealloying of dual-phase Al 27 at Cu alloy with hypereutectic structure in the NaOH solution. The microstructure of these NPC thin films was characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The results show that these NPC thin films are composed of interconnected large-sized channels (100s of nm) with highly porous channel walls (10s of nm), in which large-sized channels resulting from entire dissolution of solid solution while small-sized those de-riving from part corrosion of intermetallics. Both large- and small-sized channels are 3D, open, and bicon-tinuous. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3520

Ghost field realizations of the spinor W2,sW_{2,s} strings based on the linear W(1,2,s) algebras

It has been shown that certain W algebras can be linearized by the inclusion of a spin-1 current. This Provides a way of obtaining new realizations of the W algebras. In this paper, we investigate the new ghost field realizations of the W(2,s)(s=3,4) algebras, making use of the fact that these two algebras can be linearized. We then construct the nilpotent BRST charges of the spinor non-critical W(2,s) strings with these new realizations.Comment: 10 pages, no figure

Surfactant Assisted Synthesis of LiFePO4 Nanostructures via Hydrothermal Processing

LiFePO4 is a potential cathode candidate for of secondary lithium batteries due to its low-cost, out-standing thermal stability and innocuity. In this paper, pure LiFePO4 obtained by hydrothermal method using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant. LiFePO4 particles produced without any surfactant showed typical morphologies of perfect octahedral with size of ~1μm. For products prepared with addition CTAB, the amount of surfactant controlled the growth of LiFePO4 crystals, with which dif-ferent morphologies of plate, grains and flower-like structures were produced. Plate products displayed a capacity of 145.70 mAh•g-1 at 0.1C, which was superior to others. The results indicated the electrochemical performance depends crucially on the size and structure of active materials. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3520

Preparation of Nanostructured Li2MnO3 Cathode Materials by Single-Step Hydrothermal Method

Nanosized (10~50 nm) cathode material Li2MnO3 was prepared for with MnSO4·H2O，KMnO4 and Li- OH aqueous solution as the precursor via single-step hydrothermal reaction by controlling the reaction time, proportion of processor, and the reagent concentration. The prepared materials were well crystallized and exhibited a monoclinic Li2MnO3 structure with a space group of C2/m phase. The electrochemical performance of the material was tested at current density of 60 mAg-1 (1/4 C) between 4.3V and 2.0 V at room temperature, showing good electrochemical properties with the initial discharge capacity of 243 mAh·g-1, because it was more exposed to the electrolyte due to its nanostructure. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3519

Spinor field realizations of the non-critical W2,4W_{2,4} string based on the linear W1,2,4W_{1,2,4} algebra

In this paper, we investigate the spinor field realizations of the $W_{2,4}$ algebra, making use of the fact that the $W_{2,4}$ algebra can be linearized through the addition of a spin-1 current. And then the nilpotent BRST charges of the spinor non-critical $W_{2,4}$ string were built with these realizations.Comment: 10 pages, no figures, revtex4 style, accepted by Commun.Theor.Phy

Structure and Electrochemical Performance of Li[Li0.2Co0.4Mn0.4]O2 Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Battery by Co-precipitation Method

The nano-structured Li[Li0.2Co0.4Mn0.4]O2 cathode material is synthesized by a co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction shows that the synthesized material has a hexagonal α-NaFeO2 type structure with a space group R-3m. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images show the homogeneous distribution with 100-200 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicate that the oxi-dation states of Co and Mn in Li[Li0.2Co0.4Mn0.4]O2 are present in trivalence and tetravalence, respectively. The charge-discharge curves and cycling performance are analyzed in detail. The initial charge and dis-charge capacities are respectively 236.5 mAh g-1 and 140.3 mAh g-1 at the current density of 100 mA g-1 in the voltage range of 2.0-4.6 V. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3520

POSTURAL EFFECTS ON COMPARTMENTAL VOLUME CHANGES OF BREATHING BY OPTOELECTRONIC PLETHYSMOGRAPHY IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS

Breathing pattern was an important factor to affect the performance of sports for athletes. Optoelectronic plethysmography (OEP) was a new method to evaluate breathing pattern by measuring compartmental volume (upper thorax (UT), lower thorax (LT), and abdomen (AB)) freely without limitation. Previous study already investigated the swimmers had better breathing pattern measured by OEP (Karine et al., 2008) in sitting posture. Swimming, such as backstroke, is perfromed in supine posture, but previous study did not consider the postural effect on breathing pattern. This study explored the compartmental volume changes of healthy subjects in different postures

Hepatocellular carcinoma: updates in pathogenesis, detection and treatment

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary liver cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide [1]. The prognosis of HCC patients is very poor. The rates of HCC incidence and mortality are almost equivalent [2] and have increased across most countries over the past three decades [3]. HCC development is closely associated with the presence of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, albeit the risk factors underlying this condition vary geographically. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and aflatoxin B1 exposure are predominant risk factors in Asia and Africa, while hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and alcohol consumption are the main risk factors in Europe, the USA and Japan [3,4,5]. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most prevalent liver disease worldwide, and approximately 60% of biopsied NAFLD patients have non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) [3]. Importantly, patients with NASH are at high risk of developing HCC even without presenting established cirrhosis [6]. With widespread HBV vaccination and the advent of direct-acting antiviral drugs for HCV infection, NAFLD and associated conditions such as diabetes and obesity are emerging as major global risk factors for HCC. In view of the dismal prognosis of HCC patients, implementing preventive strategies would be an ideal approach to quell the incidence of the disease. Obvious interventions include advocating HBV vaccination in endemic regions, achieving HCV eradication with direct-acting antivirals, promoting healthy nutrition and weight reduction, improving diabetes control, and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption. Still, the implementation of these measures is not always feasible

Vacancy Mediated Desorption of Hydrogen From a Sodium Alanate Surface: An ab Initio Spin-Polarized Study

Ab initio spin-polarized density functional theory calculations are performed to explore the effect of single Na vacancy on NaAlH4(001) surface on the initial dehydrogenation kinetics. The authors found that two Al-H bond lengths become elongated and weakened due to the presence of a Na vacancy on the NaAlH4(001) surface. Spontaneous recombination from the surface to form molecular hydrogen is observed in the spin-polarized ab initio molecular dynamics simulation. The authors' results indicate that surface Na vacancies play a critical role in accelerating the dehydrogenation kinetics in sodium alanate. The understanding gained here will aid in the rational design and development of complex hydride materials for hydrogen storage. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics

Three-dimensional electronic instabilities in polymerized solid A1C60

The low-temperature structure of A1C60 (A=K, Rb) is an ordered array of polymerized C60 chains, with magnetic properties that suggest a non-metallic ground state. We study the paramagnetic state of this phase using first-principles electronic-structure methods, and examine the magnetic fluctuations around this state using a model Hamiltonian. The electronic and magnetic properties of even this polymerized phase remain strongly three dimensional, and the magnetic fluctuations favor an unusual three-dimensional antiferromagnetically ordered structure with a semi-metallic electronic spectrum.Comment: REVTeX 3.0, 10 pages, 4 figures available on request from [email protected]