The APOE ε4 Allele Association with Cholesterol Related Phenotypes in the Mexican American Population

Diseases linked to high cholesterol have been well studied and several diseases-associated candidate genes have been suggested. Among these, the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) gene associated with lipid metabolism and lipid-related traits was reported in the non-Hispanic population. There are three types of alleles APOE ε2, ε3, and ε4. The APOE ε4 allele has been identified as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In recent years, there have been limited studies regarding the association between the APOE gene and hypercholesterolemia in the Mexican American population. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the frequencies of the APOE alleles and study their relationship with cholesterol levels and lipid-related traits in the Mexican American population. For the first, we have demonstrated that APOE ε4 allele is associated with hypercholesterolemia in the Mexican American population. Further research is required to confirm the support of our current findings

APOE gene associated with lipid-related traits in Hispanic population

Background: High levels of cholesterol have been demonstrated to cause heart disease and stroke. There is a significant research in cardiovascular disease, apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene and high cholesterol regarding non-Hispanics, but as of now there is limited research regarding APOE e4 allele associated with high levels of cholesterol in the Hispanic population. There are three types of alleles e2 being the protective allele against neurological diseases, e3 the most common type, and e4 known to be the high-risk allele for diseases. This research aims to study the correlation between APOE e4 allele and phenotypes that demonstrate a high risk for elevated levels of cholesterol in Hispanic population to be able to be educated and prevent. Methods: Data was collected from both the Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium (TARCC) (N=1,320) and the Initial Study of Longevity and Dementia from the Rio Grande Valley (ISLD-RGV) (N=62) with a total of 1,382 participants. Questionnaires that included demographics, medical history, and blood/saliva samples were collected. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used to identify if the APOE e4 allele was associated with several cholesterol related phenotypes in the subjects. Results: Results demonstrated a statistically significant association between APOE e4 allele and high levels of cholesterol in the Hispanic population. Conclusion: The findings of this research will help us with early diagnosis and interventions for patients with a risk for high cholesterol related diseases such as cardiovascular disease

Metabolic Changes Following Perinatal Asphyxia: Role of Astrocytes and Their Interaction with Neurons

Perinatal Asphyxia (PA) represents an important cause of severe neurological deficits including delayed mental and motor development, epilepsy, major cognitive deficits and blindness. The interaction between neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells plays a central role coupling energy supply with changes in neuronal activity. Traditionally, experimental research focused on neurons, whereas astrocytes have been more related to the damage mechanisms of PA. Astrocytes carry out a number of functions that are critical to normal nervous system function, including uptake of neurotransmitters, regulation of pH and ion concentrations, and metabolic support for neurons. In this work, we aim to review metabolic neuron-astrocyte interactions with the purpose of encourage further research in this area in the context of PA, which is highly complex and its mechanisms and pathways have not been fully elucidated to this day.Fil: Logica Tornatore, Tamara Maite Ayelén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Riviere, Stephanie. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Holubiec, Mariana Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Castilla Lozano, Maria del Rocio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Barreto, George E.. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; ColombiaFil: Capani, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; Argentina. Universidad Argentina "John F. Kennedy"; Argentina. Universidad Autónoma de Chile; Chil

Conocimiento, actitud y comportamiento sobre la salud bucal en estudiantes de Odontología de una Universidad, Lima-2022

En el estudio se planteó como objetivo identificar los conocimientos, actitud y comportamiento sobre la salud bucal en estudiantes de odontología de una Universidad, Lima-2022. Estudio cuantitativo, básico, descriptivo correlacional, prospectivo y transversal, donde la muestra total fueron 186 estudiantes de odontología los cuales fueron estratificados por año académico y respondieron el inventario de comportamientos dentales de la Universidad de Hiroshima (HU-DBI), que consta de veinte preguntas dicotómicas que indagan sobre salud bucal en relación al conocimiento, actitud y comportamiento, para medir el puntaje general de esta variable solo doce preguntas son utilizadas del HU-DBI, de esta manera la puntuación oscila entre 0 y 12, donde el nivel bajo es (0-3), regular (4-7) y alto (812). En los resultados el 17.74% de los estudiantes de odontología de una universidad, obtuvieron un nivel bajo en los conocimientos, actitud y comportamiento sobre la salud bucal, mientras que el 66.13% obtuvieron un nivel regular y el 16.13% obtuvo un nivel alto. En conclusión, losestudiantes de odontología presentaron en su mayoría un conocimiento, actitud y comportamiento sobre la salud bucal regular

Environmental Pollutant Hexachlorobenzene Induces Hypertension In a Rat Model

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a dioxin-like environmental pollutant, widely distributed in the environment. New research links exposure to high levels of persistent organic environmental toxicants to cardiovascular disease, however little is known about the effect of HCB on vascular function and on blood pressure. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate biochemical and cardiovascular changes resulting from subchronic HCB exposure. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with vehicle or HCB (5 or 500 mg/kg b.w) for 45 days. Systolic blood pressure (BP), recorded by tail cuff plethysmography, was significantly increased at 35, 40 and 45 days of 500 mg/kg HCB-treatment. HCB (500 mg/kg) increased arterial thickness, while both 5 and 500 mg/kg HCB decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein levels and cellular nuclei in abdominal aortas indicating a hypertrophic process. Also, aortas from both groups of HCB-treated rats presented higher sensitivity to noradrenalin (NA) and a significant decrease in maximum contractile response. Arteries from 500 mg/kg HCB-treated rats showed a significant increase in the levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA and angiotensin II type1 receptor (AT1), and a significant decrease in estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), endothelial nitric oxidide synthase (eNOS) protein expression and deiodinase II (DII) mRNA levels. In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that subchronic HCB administration significantly increases BP and alters associated cardiovascular parameters in rats. In addition, HCB alters the expression of key vascular tissue molecules involved in BP regulation, such as TGF-β1, AT1, ERα, eNOS and DII.Fil: Castilla Lozano, Maria del Rocio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Asuaje, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Riviere, Stephanie. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Caimi Giselle. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Bioquímica Humana; ArgentinaFil: Martín, Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Cao, Gabriel Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Kleiman, Diana Leonor. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Bioquímica Humana; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Milesi, Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Bioquímica Humana; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Updated Genes, Lifestyles, and their Interactions for Human Longevity

Healthy aging is the prolonging of optimal wellbeing during the progressive decline in physiological functions that are necessary for survival. Two important components of aging include an individual’s genetic makeup and lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise. Genetic factors are responsible for the functional physiology of the body including cell maintenance, metabolism and apoptosis. The individual effects of genes and lifestyle choices on aging are reported mainly in Caucasian populations, with very limited studies in minority populations. In this review, we included the effects of genes and environment and the interaction between them on aging in Hispanic population in addition to other populations. Our systematic review focuses on exploring present findings that assess the involvement of genes and lifestyles with healthy aging, as well as the interactions between the two. The purpose of the review is to update current findings of longevity as it pertains to the genetic composition of humans and the lifestyle choices people make. We were specifically looking for research conducted in the US Hispanic population and/or other minority populations. We searched through PubMed to identify reliable and relevant research articles involving ‘genes’, ‘lifestyle’, ‘longevity’, and ‘healthy aging’. We filtered the articles for those that pertain towards humans and are in the English language. We searched most updated top longevity-associated genes, lifestyles, and their interactions. We found that the biological and environmental factors (e.g., lifestyle) involved in aging are important factors that attribute towards attainment of longevity. The individual’s genetic composition and lifestyle choices significantly impact the aging process and longevity

El endeudamiento financiero y su incidencia en la utilidad de la empresa san francisco S.A.C. del distrito de Trujillo, año 2017 - 2019

El presente trabajo de investigación denominado “El endeudamiento financiero y su incidencia en la utilidad de la empresa San Francisco S.A.C., del distrito de Trujillo, año 2017-2019”, tuvo como objetivo determinar cómo el endeudamiento financiero incide en la utilidad de la empresa. Para el desarrollo del trabajo se empleó un modelo de investigación aplicada y una metodología cuasi experimental. Para obtener los datos se aplicó un análisis documental y entrevista usando como instrumento la hoja de registro y la guía de entrevista. Como población se utilizó el conjunto de estados financieros, así como los documentos de las obligaciones financieras de la empresa y la muestra estuvo conformada por el estado de situación financiera y el estado de resultados y documentos de obligaciones financieras. Entre los resultados obtenidos se determinó que hay relación directa entre el endeudamiento financiero y la utilidad, pues con el diseño y aplicación de políticas de control se pudo reducir el índice de endeudamiento y aumentar la utilidad como se ven reflejados en el Estado de Situación Financiera y el Estado de Resultados del año 2019. La conclusión principal de la investigación es que el endeudamiento financiero incide en la utilidad de la empresa San Francisco S.A.C. pues al realizar la comparación de los índices de endeudamiento de los años en el que la empresa no contaba con políticas de control, no se obtenía un crecimiento considerable en la utilidad, sin embargo, al aplicar las políticas de control, el endeudamiento financiero disminuyó y la utilidad aumentóThe present research work denominated ""Financial debt and its impact on the profit of the company San Francisco S.A.C., Trujillo district, year 2017-2019"", aimed to determine how financial debt affects the profit of the company. For the development of the work, an applied research model and a quasi-experimental methodology were used. To obtain the data, a documentary analysis and interview were applied using the record sheet and the interview guide as an instrument. As a population, the set of financial statements was used, as well as the documents of the financial obligations of the company and the sample consisted of the statement of financial position and the statement of results and documents of financial obligations. Among the results obtained, it was determined that there is a direct relationship between financial indebtedness and profit, since with the design and application of control politics it was possible to reduce the debt index and increase profit as reflected in the Statement of Financial Position and the Income Statement for the year 2019. The main conclusion of the investigation is that financial indebtedness affects the profit of the company San Francisco SAC since when comparing the debt indexes of the years in which the company did not have control politics, considerable growth in profit was not obtained, however, when applying the control politics, financial debt decreased and profit increased.Tesi

Guía para prevención de trastornos musculoesqueléticos derivados de riesgo biomecánicos en colaboradores del área de bodega, para la empresa NUTRECO S.A.S

Diseñar una guía para prevención de trastornos musculoesqueléticos derivados de riesgo biomecánico en colaboradores del área de bodega para la empresa NUTRECO S.A.S.El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo general el diseño de una Guía para Prevención de Trastornos Musculoesqueléticos Derivados de Riesgo Biomecánicos en colaboradores del área de bodega, para la empresa NUTRECO S.A.S. Para el desarrollo del proyecto se utilizó la metodología mixta que sirve para la aplicación de distintas variables cualitativas y cuantitativas de evaluación de postura, el tipo de investigación empleada es la descriptiva, con el fin de conocer los conceptos y características más relevantes del Riesgo biomecánico, además de las causas y consecuencias más comunes que influyen en la salud de los colaboradores del área de bodega. Por otra parte, para la recolección de información se realizó la toma de fotografías durante la jornada laboral en el área de bodega para evidenciar las posturas, movimientos de piernas, espalda, brazos, entre otros que realizan los colaboradores, en este paso se aplicó el método owas que sirve para hacer un análisis observacional de la tarea realizada para el caso del área de bodega se analizaron las actividades de cargue y descargue, a cada postura analizada se le asignó un código para definir la categoría de riesgo, como resultado de aplicación del metodo se obtuvo que la actividad 1 de cargue se ubica en un categoría de riesgo 4 donde se requieren acciones correctivas inmediatas y la actividad 2 de descargue esta en categoría 3 definiendo que se realiza una postura con efectos dañinos sobre el sistema músculo esquelético, finalmente se define cuales son las medidas correctivas que se requieren para prevenir trastornos musculoesqueléticos donde se requieren acciones correctivas lo antes posible estas medidas se generan a modo de guia de recomendaciones que ayuden a mejorar las condiciones de trabajo y por ende promuevan la prevención de trastornos musculoesqueleticos en los colaboradores.The general objective of this project is to design a Guide for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders Derived from Biomechanical Risk in collaborators of the warehouse area, for the company NUTRECO S.A.S. For the development of the project, the mixed methodology was used that serves for the application of different posture evaluation variables, the type of research used is exploratory and explanatory, in order to know the most relevant concepts and characteristics of biomechanical risk, in addition of the most common causes and consequences that influence the health of employees in the warehouse area. On the other hand, for the collection of information, photographs were taken during the working day in the warehouse area to show the postures, movements of the legs, back, arms, among others that the collaborators perform, in this step the owas method that serves to carry out an observational analysis of the task carried out in the case of the warehouse area, loading and unloading activities were analyzed, each analyzed position was assigned a code to define the risk category, as a result of applying the method, it was obtained that loading activity 1 is located in a risk category 4 where immediate corrective actions are required and unloading activity 2 is in category 3, defining that a posture is performed with harmful effects on the musculoskeletal system, finally defines what are the corrective measures required to prevent musculoskeletal disorders where corrective actions are required s as soon as possible these measures are generated as a guide to recommendations that help to improve working conditions and therefore promote the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in employees

APOE Gene Associated with Dementia-Related Traits, Depression, and Anxiety in the Hispanic Population

Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD), a main cause of dementia, is commonly seen in aging populations with a strong genetic component. AD is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders; it is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disease. Specific demographic factors and genetic variants have been identified in non-Hispanic populations; however, limited studies have observed the Hispanic population. Therefore, we focused on investigating a known gene, APOE, associated with AD-related phenotypes and two psychiatric diseases (depression and anxiety) within the U.S. Hispanic population in our current study. A total of 1382 subjects were studied based on data collected from the Texas Alzheimer\u27s Research and Care Consortium (TARCC, N = 1320) and the Initial Study of Longevity and Dementia from the Rio Grande Valley (ISLD-RGV, N = 62). Questionnaires regarding demographics, medical history, and blood/saliva samples were collected. We genotyped the APOE gene. The current findings indicated that APOE-ε4 was associated with not only AD (p \u3c 0.0001) but also with anxiety (p \u3c 0.0001) and depression (p = 0.0004). However, APOE-ε3 was associated with depression (p = 0.002) in the Hispanic population. We provide additional evidence in which APOE-ε4 increased the risk for AD in Hispanics. For the first time, APOE alleles show increased risks for anxiety and depression in Hispanics. Further research is warranted to confirm the current findings

APOE Gene Associated with Cholesterol-Related Traits in the Hispanic Population

Genetic variants in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene are associated with lipid metabolism and lipid-related traits in the non-Hispanic population. There have been limited studies regarding the association between the APOE gene and hypercholesterolemia in the Hispanic population; therefore, our aim for this study is to examine the APOE gene’s associations with cholesterol level and its related phenotypes. The APOE gene consists of three different alleles, ε2, ε3, and ε4, with ε4 being associated with dementia and cardiovascular diseases. A total of 1,382 subjects were collected from the Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium (TARCC, N = 1320) and the Initial Study of Longevity and Dementia from the Rio Grande Valley (ISLD-RGV, N = 62). Questionnaires on demographics, medical history, and blood/saliva samples were collected and APOE genotypes were performed. We observed allele frequencies of the APOE ε3 (96.7%), ε4 (22.6%) and ε2 (6.8%) alleles, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression revealed a significant association between the APOE ε4 allele and hypercholesteremia (p = 1.8 × 10−4 ) in our studied Hispanic population. We prove for the first time, that the APOE ε4 allele increases the risk for hypercholesterol in Hispanics. Further research is needed to confirm and supports our current findings