The Most Cited Works in Essential Tremor and Dystonia

Background: The study of the most cited works in a particular field gives an indication of the important advances, developments, and discoveries that have had the highest impact in that discipline. Our aim was to identify the most cited works in essential tremor (ET) and dystonia. Methods: A bibliometric search was performed using the ISI Web of Science database using selected search terms for ET and dystonia for articles published from 1900 to 2015. The resulting citation counts were analyzed to identify the most cited works, and the studies were categorized. Results: Using the criterion of more than 400 citations, there were four citation classics for ET and six for dystonia. The most cited studies were those on pathophysiology followed by medical treatments, clinical classification, genetic studies, surgical treatments, review articles, and epidemiology studies. A comparison of the most cited articles for ET and dystonia showed that there was a divergence, with ET and dystonia having a higher number of epidemiologic and genetic studies, respectively. Whereas the peak period for the number of publications was 2000–2004 for ET, it was 1995–1999 for dystonia. Discussion: Given the large number of patients with these disorders, there appears to be an unmet need for further research advances in both areas, but particularly for ET as the most common movement disorder

Capabilities for a cosmopolitan citizenship in higher education The experience of the Technical University of Valencia

AbstractThe capability approach (CA) has focused on how universities can enhance cosmopolitan students’ capabilities in order to contribute to a fairer and more inclusive human development model (Nussbaum, 1997). The aim of this paper is to analyze two different initiatives developed at the Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV) in Spain, which have contributed to the creation and expansion of those capabilities amongst the student community. The first one is a formal space in which, since 1997, a cosmopolitan citizenship curriculum has been implemented (Boni, 2007). The second experience refers to an informal space called Mueve created by UPV students. Based on the analysis of 12 in-depth interviews we will provide some insights into the differences, similarities and synergies amongst those two spaces

Speeds of sound for (CH4 + He) mixtures from p = (0.5 to 20) MPa at T = (273.16 to 375) K

Acknowledgements The authors want to thank for the support to Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad project ENE2017-88474-R and Junta de Castilla y León project VA280P18.Peer reviewedPostprin

Preliminary evidence for human globus pallidus pars interna neurons signaling reward and sensory stimuli.

The globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) is a component of the basal ganglia, a network of subcortical nuclei that process motor, associative, and limbic information. While non-human primate studies have suggested a role for the GPi in non-motor functions, there have been no single-unit studies of non-motor electrophysiological behavior of human GPi neurons. We therefore sought to extend these findings by collecting single-unit recordings from awake patients during functional stereotactic neurosurgery targeting the GPi for deep brain stimulation. To assess cellular responses to non-motor information, patients performed a reward task where virtual money could be won, lost, or neither, depending on their performance while cellular activity was monitored. Changes in the firing rates of isolated GPi neurons after the presentation of reward-related stimuli were compared between different reward contingencies (win, loss, null). We observed neurons that modulated their firing rate significantly to the presentation of reward-related stimuli. We furthermore found neurons that responded to visual-stimuli more broadly. This is the first single-unit evidence of human GPi neurons carrying non-motor information. These results are broadly consistent with previous findings in the animal literature and suggest non-motor information may be represented in the single-unit activity of human GPi neurons.NAH is supported by a Unilever/Lipton Graduate Fellowship in Neuroscience and a University of Toronto Fellowship. WDH is supported by a CIHR operating grant (98006). VV is a Wellcome Trust (WT) intermediate Clinical Fellow (WT093705MA).This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.04.02

Ubiquitinylation of α-Synuclein by Carboxyl Terminus Hsp70-Interacting Protein (CHIP) Is Regulated by Bcl-2-Associated Athanogene 5 (BAG5)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative condition in which abnormalities in protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, may lead to accumulation of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn). Mutations within or multiplications of the gene encoding α-syn are known to cause genetic forms of PD and polymorphisms in the gene are recently established risk factors for idiopathic PD. α-syn is a major component of Lewy bodies, the intracellular proteinaceous inclusions which are pathological hallmarks of most forms of PD. Recent evidence demonstrates that α-syn can self associate into soluble oligomeric species and implicates these α-syn oligomers in cell death. We have previously shown that carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP), a co-chaperone molecule with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, may reduce the levels of toxic α-syn oligomers. Here we demonstrate that α-syn is ubiquitinylated by CHIP both in vitro and in cells. We find that the products from ubiquitinylation by CHIP include both monoubiquitinylated and polyubiquitinylated forms of α-syn. We also demonstrate that CHIP and α-syn exist within a protein complex with the co-chaperone bcl-2-associated athanogene 5 (BAG5) in brain. The interaction of CHIP with BAG5 is mediated by Hsp70 which binds to the tetratricopeptide repeat domain of CHIP and the BAG domains of BAG5. The Hsp70-mediated association of BAG5 with CHIP results in inhibition of CHIP E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and subsequently reduces α-syn ubiquitinylation. Furthermore, we use a luciferase-based protein-fragment complementation assay of α-syn oligomerization to investigate regulation of α-syn oligomers by CHIP in living cells. We demonstrate that BAG5 mitigates the ability of CHIP to reduce α-syn oligomerization and that non-ubiquitinylated α-syn has an increased propensity for oligomerization. Thus, our results identify CHIP as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of α-syn and suggest a novel function for BAG5 as a modulator of CHIP E3 ubiquitin ligase activity with implications for CHIP-mediated regulation of α-syn oligomerization

Rapid and sustainable self-questionnaire for large-scale psychological screening in pandemic conditions for healthcare workers.

BACKGROUND The pandemic caused by a coronavirus (COVID-19) has shocked healthcare systems worldwide. However, the psychological stressors remain unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a major pandemic on healthcare workers. We hypothesized that exposure to the virus would be the primary cause of psychological stress perceived by healthcare workers. METHODS A national cross-sectional study conducted via an online questionnaire was distributed between April 9 and April 19, 2020 with a non-probabilistic sample technique. A structural equation model (SEM) was built with the variable "exposure to the virus" and the Psychological Stress and Adaptation at work Score (PSAS). "Exposure to the virus" was defined as the combined factors of 'personal-sphere', "work-related stress" and "hospital characteristics." A generalized linear model (GLM) was also tested. RESULTS A total of 2,197 participants filled in the questionnaire and were analyzed. The exploratory factor analysis showed statistically significant variables related to the personal-sphere, work-related stress and the hospital's characteristics, although the confirmatory factor analysis showed only the work-related stress factors to be significant. The GLM showed that personal-sphere-related variables (P < .001), stress at work (P < 0.001) and age (P < 0.001) were statistically significant. CONCLUSION Physical exposure to the virus is an essential factor that contributes to the psychological impact perceived during the pandemic by healthcare professionals. A combination of personal-sphere variables, work-related stress and hospital characteristics is a significant factor correlating with the degree of stress measured by PSAS, a new and fast instrument to assess stress in healthcare workers

The false falx and tentorium sign: case report of subdural haematoma and sickle cells disease

The increased density in the basal cisterns and the subarachnoid space on CT scans is a well-known characteristic of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Have been described diverse conditions that can emulate subarachnoid hemorrhage, such as purulent leptomeningitis, intrathecal contrast material and leak of high doses of intravenous contrast material to the subarachnoid space. We present the case of a male patient who presented a subdural hematoma in the setting of non-diagnosed sickle cell disease. To this patient was performed a panangiography which discard any aneurismal hemorrhage origin