Mamook Komtax Chinuk Pipa / Learning to Write Chinook Jargon : Indigenous Peoples and Literacy Strategies in the South Central Interior of British Columbia in the Late Nineteenth Century

This is an open access article made available under the terms of the Budapest Open Access Initiative. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of our articles. Users may not modify HSE-RHÉ publications, nor use them for commercial purposes without asking prior permission from the publisher and the author. http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/. Copyright (c) 2017 Historical Studies in EducationDuring the mid-nineteenth century, the advent of multiple gold rushes swept foreign populations into what is now known as the British Columbia interior, bringing a variety of European languages to the homeland of a multitude of Indigenous languages. In order to bridge communication gaps between these populations, Chinook Jargon, a composite trade pidgin, quickly spread. The Jargon or “Wawa” became so common that, in the last decade of the century, Catholic priest, Father JMR Le Jeune developed and standardized a shorthand writing system for the Jargon – Chinuk pipa – and used it to publish a popular local newspaper. At the same time, residential schools began operation in the region, and English was aggressively promoted; however, contrary to expectations at the time and perceptions since, English literacy developed slowly in the British Columbia interior. By contrast, Chinook pipa spread quickly and literacy in the Chinook Jargon – for a time – outstripped English literacy. Drawing on primary research in the archives of the missionary order, the Oblates of Mary Immaculate, this article considers the different learning and teaching strategies of English and Chinook literacy, and their subsequent successes or failures. Missionaries and Indigenous people were involved in both cases but with strikingly different outcomes.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Harnessing the Power of the Criminal Corpse

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. This is an open access book distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, to view a copy of the license, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Harnessing the Power of the Criminal Corpse

This open access book is the culmination of many years of research on what happened to the bodies of executed criminals in the past. Focusing on the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it looks at the consequences of the 1752 Murder Act. These criminal bodies had a crucial role in the history of medicine, and the history of crime, and great symbolic resonance in literature and popular culture. Starting with a consideration of the criminal corpse in the medieval and early modern periods, chapters go on to review the histories of criminal justice, of medical history and of gibbeting under the Murder Act, and ends with some discussion of the afterlives of the corpse, in literature, folklore and in contemporary medical ethics. Using sophisticated insights from cultural history, archaeology, literature, philosophy and ethics as well as medical and crime history, this book is a uniquely interdisciplinary take on a fascinating historical phenomenon

Colonial and Post-colonial History: enhancing knowledge, capacity and networks in the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

Unequal global structures profoundly influence inequalities in academic knowledge production. This is manifested in the under-representation of Majority World (Global South) publication in international peer-reviewed journals based in the Minority World (Global North). Whilst graduate education is available in the Majority World, the terms of appointment and promotion within institutions may depend upon networks that mirror wider social inequalities. This is partly because in some countries (e.g., India) candidates are required to publish an article before they can submit their PhD, and this can lead to significant confusion about the difference between journals published by university and other academic presses, and by private companies. Early career scholars are especially vulnerable to predatory (pay-to-publish) publishing (Collyer 2018, Raju et al. 2018). There are, of course, distinguished journals based in the Majority World, and a wealth of experience in publishing among mid-career and senior academics. Nonetheless, early career scholars who wish to publish in international journals may have English as an additional language and are far less likely to have access to informal networks of support. There are also significant knowledge gaps that constitute barriers to access (Collyer 2018).The authors of this paper attempted to address this issue by securing funding from the British Academy Writing Workshops 2021 programme to work with 30 Early Career Researchers (ECRs), researching colonial and post-colonial history and associated disciplines, from the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Anderson is editor of the Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, Battell Lowman (now, former) co-editor of Settler Colonial Studies, Doyle editor of the Journal of African History, and Sutton of South Asian Studies. Anderson, Doyle, and Sutton acted as expert editor contributors and mentors, Battell Lowman served as Project Manager including designing and facilitating the workshop sessions. The programme was supported by three senior academics connected to the regions of interest - Mellissa Ifill (University of Guyana), Ali Usman Qasmi (LUMS, Pakistan), and Godfrey B. Asiimwe (Makerere University, Uganda) – and incorporated scholars from Jamaica (Sonjah N. Stanley Niaah), Mauritius (Satyendra Peerthun), Botswana (John Makgala), South Africa (Rebecca Swartz), Kenya (Peter Wafula Wekesa), India (Aparna Balachandran) and Bangladesh (Momin Chowdhury). Together, the group undertook a year-long virtual workshop programme that aimed to build new transnational collaborative networks to create a new skills and knowledge base

Writing settlement after Idle No More: non-indigenous responses in Anglo-Canadian poetry

This article examines the representation of settlement in Canada in the wake of Idle No More in recent Anglo-Canadian literature. It argues that Idle No More engendered a new vocabulary for settler-invader citizens to position themselves in relation to this Indigenous movement, with non-Indigenous Canadians self-identifying as “settlers” and “allies” as a means of both orienting themselves with respect to Indigenous resistance to the settler-invader nation-state and signalling an attempted solidarity with Idle No More that would not lapse into appropriation. Four very different poetic texts by non-Indigenous authors demonstrate this reconsideration of settlement in the wake of Idle No More: Arleen Paré’s Lake of Two Mountains (2014); Rachel Zolf’s Janey’s Arcadia (2014); Rita Wong’s undercurrent (2015); and Shane Rhodes’s X (2013). Although only the latter two of these collections make explicit reference to Idle No More, all four of these texts engage with historical and current colonialisms, relationships to land and water, and relationships between Indigenous peoples and settler-invaders, providing examples of new understandings and representations of (neo)colonial settlement in post-Idle No More Canada

SESSION 2.3: Decolonizing Missionary Histories: Imperative and action in the 21st Century

Missionary histories are inseparable from many histories of colonization, and the archival records of missionary activity are invaluable to understanding Indigenous-Settler histories of British Columbia. Investigating the lives of two missionaries in the British Columbia interior, this paper lays out an approach to missionary histories based in Indigenous research methodologies and settler colonial analysis consistent with contemporary frameworks for decolonizing historical practice. Engaged in this way, the stories of these two have a great deal to tell us about how British Columbia has come to be

An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United States: A review

Dunbar-Ortiz, R. (2014). An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United States. Beacon Press. ***296 pp, US$27.95**

Incarceration, reserves, and indigenous deprivation and death in 20th century Canada

Ce chapitre étudie l'impact de l'immobilisation forcée des peuples autochtones sur les réserves indiennes de la Colombie-Britannique, au Canada, au début du xxe siècle. Ces réserves font partie d'un système carcéral destiné à seconder les objectifs colonialistes. Cet article décrit le rôle de la carcéralité et de la création de réserves dans le processus de colonisation du Canada, la surveillance et l'enfermement des peuples autochtones dans les réserves ainsi que les impacts de ces actes coloniaux sur les corps des indigènes This chapter investigates the impact of the forced immobilisation of Indigenous peoples on Indian reserves in British Columbia, Canada, in the early 20th century. We frame reserves as part of a carceral system intended to further the goals of settler colonialism. This chapter describes the role of carcerality and the creation of reserves in the colonization of Canada, the surveillance and deprivation of Indigenous people on reserves, and the impacts of these colonial acts on Indigenous bodies