12,737 research outputs found
Spin structure of spin-1/2 baryon and spinless meson production amplitudes in photo and hadronic reactions
The most general spin structures of the spin-1/2 baryon and spinless meson
production operator for both photon and nucleon induced reactions are derived
from the partial-wave expansions of these reaction amplitudes. The present
method provides the coefficients multiplying each spin operator in terms of the
partial-wave matrix elements. The result should be useful in studies of these
reactions based on partial-wave analyses, especially, when spin observables are
considered.Comment: RevTex 34 pages, revised versio
Study of shuttle imaging microwave system antenna. Volume 1: Conceptual design
A detailed preliminary design and complete performance evaluation are presented of an 11-channel large aperture scanning radiometer antenna for the shuttle imaging microwave system (SIMS) program. Provisions for interfacing the antenna with the space shuttle orbiter are presented and discussed. A program plan for hardware development and a rough order of magnitude (ROM) cost are also included. The conceptual design of the antenna is presented. It consists of a four-meter diameter parabolic torus main reflector, which is a graphite/epoxy shell supported by a graphite/epoxy truss. A rotating feed wheel assembly supports six Gregorian subreflectors covering the upper eight frequency channels from 6.6 GHz through 118.7 GHz, and two three-channel prime forms feed assemblies for 0.6, 1.4, and 2.7 GHz. The feed wheel assembly also holds the radiometers and power supplies, and a drive system using a 400 Hz synchronous motor is described. The RF analysis of the antenna is performed using physical optics procedures for both the dual reflector Gregorian concept and the single reflector prime focus concept. A unique aberration correcting feed for 2.7 GHz is analyzed. A structural analysis is also included. The analyses indicate that the antenna will meet system requirements
Resonant Bend Loss in Leakage Channel Fibers
Leakage channel fibers, designed to suppress higher-order modes, demonstrate
resonant power loss at certain critical radii of curvature. Outside the
resonance, the power recovers to the levels offset by the usual mechanism of
bend-induced loss. Using C-imaging, we experimentally characterize this
anomaly and identify the corresponding physical mechanism as the radiative
decay of the fundamental mode mediated by the resonant coupling to a cladding
mode.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Optics Letter
Spin observables and the determination of the parity of in photoproduction reactions
Spin observables in the photoproduction of the are explored for
the purpose of determining the parity of the . Based on reflection
symmetry in the scattering plane, we show that certain spin observables in the
photoproduction of the can be related directly to its parity. We
also show that measurements of both the target nucleon asymmetry and the polarization may be useful in determining the parity of in
a model-independent way. Furthermore, we show that no combination of spin
observables involving only the polarization of the photon and/or nucleon in the
initial state can determine the parity of unambiguously.Comment: LaTeX, 11 pages, minor revisio
Modification of kraft wood-pulp fibre with silica for surface functionalisation
A new science strategy for natural fibre modification was devised in which glass surface properties would be imparted to wood-derived fibre. The enhancements known from addition of silane reagents to glass fibre–polymer composites could therefore be realised for modified cellulose fibre–polymer composites. A process is described whereby the internal void spaces and micropores of never-dried Kraft pulp fibre walls were impregnated with silica. This was achieved by initial dehydration of never-dried fibre through azeotropic distillation to achieve substitution of fibre water with the silicon chemical solution over a range of concentrations. Kraft fibres were stiffened and made resistant to collapse from the effect of the azeotrope drying. Specific chemical reaction of azeotrope-dried fibre with the reagent ClSi(OEt)3 followed by base-catalysed hydrolysis of the ester groups formed a fibre-bound silica composite. The physico-chemical substitution of water from micropores and internal voids of never-dried fibre with property-modifying chemicals offers possibilities in the development of new fibre characteristics, including fibres which may be hardened, plasticised, and/or stabilised against moisture, biodegradation or fire. The embedded silica may also be used as sites of attachment for coupling agents to modify the hydrophilic character of the fibre or to functionalise the fibre surface
Multistability of free spontaneously-curved anisotropic strips
Multistable structures are objects with more than one stable conformation,
exemplified by the simple switch. Continuum versions are often elastic
composite plates or shells, such as the common measuring tape or the slap
bracelet, both of which exhibit two stable configurations: rolled and unrolled.
Here we consider the energy landscape of a general class of multistable
anisotropic strips with spontaneous Gaussian curvature. We show that while
strips with non-zero Gaussian curvature can be bistable, strips with positive
spontaneous curvature are always bistable, independent of the elastic moduli,
strips of spontaneous negative curvature are bistable only in the presence of
spontaneous twist and when certain conditions on the relative stiffness of the
strip in tension and shear are satisfied. Furthermore, anisotropic strips can
become tristable when their bending rigidity is small. Our study complements
and extends the theory of multistability in anisotropic shells and suggests new
design criteria for these structures.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figure
The effects of the interaction of animals with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and their families [abstract]
The CDC estimates that one in 110 children receive a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) annually. Pet dogs have been found to be a social catalyst and service dogs have demonstrated measurable benefits for children with ASD. Given that 39% of American households have a dog, this survey investigates the perceived benefits and barriers of having a dog in a family with a child with ASD
Coherent laminar and turbulent motion of toroidal vortex bundles
Motivated by experiments performed in superfluid helium, we study numerically
the motion of toroidal bundles of vortex filaments in an inviscid fluid. We
find that the evolution of these large-scale vortex structures involves the
generalised leapfrogging of the constituent vortex rings. Despite three
dimensional perturbations in the form of Kelvin waves and vortex reconnections,
toroidal vortex bundles retain their coherence over a relatively large distance
(compared to their size), in agreement with experimental observations.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figure
A new microscopic nucleon-nucleon interaction derived from relativistic mean field theory
A new microscopic nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction has been derived for the
first time from the popular relativistic mean field theory (RMFT) Lagrangian.
The NN interaction so obtained remarkably relate to the inbuilt fundamental
parameters of RMFT. Furthermore, by folding it with the RMFT-densities of
cluster and daughter nuclei to obtain the optical potential, it's application
is also examined to study the exotic cluster radioactive decays, and results
obtained found comparable with the successfully used M3Y phenomenological
effective NN interactions. The presently derived NN-interaction can also be
used to calculate a number of other nuclear observables.Comment: 4 Pages 2 Figure
Domain Size Dependence of Piezoelectric Properties of Ferroelectrics
The domain size dependence of piezoelectric properties of ferroelectrics is
investigated using a continuum Ginzburg-Landau model that incorporates the
long-range elastic and electrostatic interactions. Microstructures with desired
domain sizes are created by quenching from the paraelectric phase by biasing
the initial conditions. Three different two-dimensional microstructures with
different sizes of the domains are simulated. An electric field is
applied along the polar as well as non-polar directions and the piezoelectric
response is simulated as a function of domain size for both cases. The
simulations show that the piezoelectric coefficients are enhanced by reducing
the domain size, consistent with recent experimental results of Wada and
Tsurumi (Brit. Ceram. Trans. {\bf 103}, 93, 2004) on domain engineered
Comment: submitted to Physical Review
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