322 research outputs found
Special Issue Migration and Health
In an era of an increasingly diverse national population, researchers have had to turn to expanded models of public health promotion. Â In 2009, the University of California established the UC Global Health Institute with three Centers of Expertise. The Center of Expertise on Migration and Health (COEMH) formed with the multidisciplinary mission of to better understand coupled migration and health issues. This special issue represents the work of four scholars who participated in the 2013 COEM..
Special Issue Migration and Health
In an era of an increasingly diverse national population, researchers have had to turn to expanded models of public health promotion. Â In 2009, the University of California established the UC Global Health Institute with three Centers of Expertise. The Center of Expertise on Migration and Health (COEMH) formed with the multidisciplinary mission of to better understand coupled migration and health issues. This special issue represents the work of four scholars who participated in the 2013 COEM..
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Human-Induced Resource Scarcity in the Colorado River Basin and Its Implications for Water Supply and the Environment in the Mexicali Valley Transboundary Aquifer
Mixed methods in land change research: towards integration
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/89580/1/j.1475-5661.2011.00482.x.pd
Rethinking resilient agriculture: From climate-smart agriculture to vulnerable-smart agriculture
Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is seeking to overcome the food security problem and develop rural livelihoods while minimizing negative impacts on the environment. However, when such synergies exist, the situation of small-scale farmers is often overlooked, and they are unable to implement new practices and technologies. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to improve CSA by adding the neglected but very important element âsmall-scale farmerâ, and introduce Vulnerable-Smart Agriculture (VSA) as a complete version of CSA. VSA indicates, based on the results of this study, that none of the decisions made by policymakers can be realistic and functional as long as the voice of the farmers influenced by their decisions is not heard. Therefore, to identify different levels for possible interventions and develop VSA monitoring indicators, a new conceptual framework needs to be developed. This study proposed such a framework consisting of five elements: prediction of critical incidents by farmers, measuring the consequences of incidents, identifying farmers' coping strategies, assessing farmers' livelihood capital when facing an incident, and adapting to climate incidents. The primary focus of this study is on farmersâ learning and operational preparation to deal with tension and disasters at farm level. Understanding the implications of threats from climate change and the recognizing of coping mechanisms will contribute to an increase in understanding sustainable management
The effects of migrant remittances on populationâenvironment dynamics in migrant origin areas: international migration, fertility, and consumption in highland Guatemala
International migration impacts origin regions in many ways. As examples, remittances from distant migrants may alter consumption patterns within sending communities, while exposure to different cultural norms may alter other behaviors. This paper combines these insights to offer a unique lens on migrationâs environmental impact. From an environmental perspective, we ask the following question: is the likely rise in consumption brought about by remittances counterbalanced by a reduction in fertility in migrant households following exposure to lower fertility cultures? Based on ethnographic case studies in two western highland Guatemalan communities, we argue that the near-term rise in consumption due to remittances is not counterbalanced by rapid decline in migrant household fertility. However, over time, the environmental cost of consumption may be mitigated at the community level through diffusion of contraception and family planning norms yielding lower family size
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in avocado farmworkers from Mexico
IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected farmworkers in the United States and Europe, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the specific impact of the pandemic on agriculture and food production workers in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and assess the mental health and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic among avocado farmworkers in Michoacan, Mexico.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of adult farmworkers (nâ=â395) in May 2021. We collected survey data, nasal swabs and saliva samples for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection, and blood samples for immunoglobulin G (IgG) reactivity measurements.ResultsNone of the farmworkers tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. However, among unvaccinated farmworkers (nâ=â336, 85%), approximately one-third (33%) showed evidence of past infection (positive for IgG against SARS-CoV-2). Unvaccinated farmworkers who lived with other farmworkers (aRRâ=â1.55; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.05), had ever lived with someone with COVID-19 (aRRâ=â1.82; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.43), and who had diabetes (aRRâ=â2.19; 95% CI: 1.53, 2.85) had a higher risk of testing IgG-positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. In contrast, unvaccinated farmworkers living in more rural areas (outside of Tingambato or Uruapan) (aRRâ=â0.71; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.96) or cooking with wood-burning stove (aRRâ=â0.75; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.96) had a lower risk of IgG-positivity. Moreover, 66% of farmworkers reported a negative impact of the pandemic on their lives, 29% reported experiencing food insecurity and difficulty paying bills, and 10% reported depression or anxiety symptoms.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the mental health and financial well-being of avocado farmworkers. Consequently, the implementation of interventions and prevention efforts, such as providing mental health support and food assistance services, is imperative
Jean-François Kosta-Théfaine, Le Chant de la douleur dans les poésies de Christine de Pizan
Cet essai propose un examen du thĂšme de la douleur dans les poĂ©sies de Christine de Pizan. On sait combien le deuil marque lâĆuvre de Christine et est la clĂ© de voĂ»te de son entrĂ©e en Ă©criture. Deuil triple en quelque sorte avec la disparition premiĂšre du roi modĂšle, Charles V, puis du pĂšre Thomas de Bologne, enfin de lâĂ©poux, Ătienne du Castel. Peu Ă peu sâeffondre la stabilitĂ© matĂ©rielle de Christine et, selon ce quâelle dit, son univers affectif, puisque â fait rare Ă lâĂ©poque â elle prĂ©se..
Brany Liouville Inflation
We present a specific model for cosmological inflation driven by the
Liouville field in a non-critical supersymmetric string framework, in which the
departure from criticality is due to open strings stretched between the two
moving Type-II 5-branes. We use WMAP and other data on fluctuations in the
cosmic microwave background to fix parameters of the model, such as the
relative separation and velocity of the 5-branes, respecting also the
constraints imposed by data on light propagation from distant gamma-ray
bursters. The model also suggests a small, relaxing component in the present
vacuum energy that may accommodate the breaking of supersymmetry.Comment: 23 pages LATEX, two eps figures incorporated; version accepted for
publication in NJ
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