Turning waves and breakdown for incompressible flows

We consider the evolution of an interface generated between two immiscible incompressible and irrotational fluids. Specifically we study the Muskat and water wave problems. We show that starting with a family of initial data given by (\al,f_0(\al)), the interface reaches a regime in finite time in which is no longer a graph. Therefore there exists a time $t^*$ where the solution of the free boundary problem parameterized as (\al,f(\al,t)) blows-up: \|\da f\|_{L^\infty}(t^*)=\infty. In particular, for the Muskat problem, this result allows us to reach an unstable regime, for which the Rayleigh-Taylor condition changes sign and the solution breaks down.Comment: 15 page

International scientific research on venture capital: a bibliometric and mapping analysis from the period 1978–2020

The aim of this study is to explore the relevance of scientific production on venture capital using bibliometric and mapping tools.We performed a search in Scopus, involving any document published between 1978 and 2020. We used bibliometric indicators to explore documents production, dispersion, distribution, time of duplication, and annual growth, as Price’s law of scientific literature growth, Lotka’s law, the transient index, and the Bradford model. We also calculated the participation index of the different countries and institutions. Finally, we explored the co-occurrence and thematic networks for the most frequently used terms in venture capital research through bibliometric mapping.A total of 1,230 original articles were collected from the timeframe 1978–2020. The model confirms that Price’s law is not fulfilled. Scientific production was better adjusted to linear growth (r = 0.9290) than exponential (r = 0.9161). Literature on venture capital research has increased its growth in the last 43 years at a rate of 7.9% per year, with a production that doubles its size every 9.1 years. The transience index was 79.91%, which indicates that most of the scientific production is due to a lot of authors with a small number of publications on the research topic. Bradford´s law shows that the scientific production in this area is widely distributed in multiple journals, and Lotka’s law indicates that the author’s distribution is heavily concentrated on small producers. The United States of America (USA) and the University of Pennsylvania present the highest production, contributing 31.22% and 1.63% of the total production of research on venture capital.The venture capital task has undergone a linear growth, with a very high rate of transience, which indicates the presence of numerous authors who sporadically publish on this topic. No evidence of a saturation point was observed in the scientific production analyzed, which makes it possible to conclude that the research in venture capital will continue to be in demand by the scientific community.The aim of this study is to explore the relevance of scientific production on venture capital using bibliometric and mapping tools.We performed a search in Scopus, involving any document published between 1978 and 2020. We used bibliometric indicators to explore documents production, dispersion, distribution, time of duplication, and annual growth, as Price’s law of scientific literature growth, Lotka’s law, the transient index, and the Bradford model. We also calculated the participation index of the different countries and institutions. Finally, we explored the co-occurrence and thematic networks for the most frequently used terms in venture capital research through bibliometric mapping.A total of 1,230 original articles were collected from the timeframe 1978–2020. The model confirms that Price’s law is not fulfilled. Scientific production was better adjusted to linear growth (r = 0.9290) than exponential (r = 0.9161). Literature on venture capital research has increased its growth in the last 43 years at a rate of 7.9% per year, with a production that doubles its size every 9.1 years. The transience index was 79.91%, which indicates that most of the scientific production is due to a lot of authors with a small number of publications on the research topic. Bradford´s law shows that the scientific production in this area is widely distributed in multiple journals, and Lotka’s law indicates that the author’s distribution is heavily concentrated on small producers. The United States of America (USA) and the University of Pennsylvania present the highest production, contributing 31.22% and 1.63% of the total production of research on venture capital.The venture capital task has undergone a linear growth, with a very high rate of transience, which indicates the presence of numerous authors who sporadically publish on this topic. No evidence of a saturation point was observed in the scientific production analyzed, which makes it possible to conclude that the research in venture capital will continue to be in demand by the scientific community

Berry size variability in Vitis vinifera L.

In order to study the mechanisms of berry growth in Vitis vinifera L. we analysed cell division and pericarp enlargement of 6 genotypes showing high variability in berry size (range: 49-90 %. Both, cell number and cell volume were involved in the small-sized berries of the flb mutant producing wild-type-like berries. The differences of berry size observed in other small-sized clones were only due to cell expansion. The data suggest that the variability of berry size in V. vinifera cultivars predominantly results from modification of cell enlargement. Conversely, in wild-type-like berries, the variability of berry size could result from both, cell division and cell enlargement.

On the MBM12 Young Association

I present a comprehensive study of the MBM12 young association (MBM12A). By combining infrared (IR) photometry from the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) survey with new optical imaging and spectroscopy, I have performed a census of the MBM12A membership that is complete to 0.03 Msun (H~15) for a 1.75deg X 1.4deg field encompassing the MBM12 cloud. I find five new members with masses of 0.1-0.4 Msun and a few additional candidates that have not been observed spectroscopically. From an analysis of optical and IR photometry for stars in the direction of MBM12, I identify M dwarfs in the foreground and background of the cloud. By comparing the magnitudes of these stars to those of local field dwarfs, I arrive at a distance modulus 7.2+/-0.5 (275 pc) to the MBM12 cloud; it is not the nearest molecular cloud and is not inside the local bubble of hot ionized gas as had been implied by previous distance estimates of 50-100 pc. I have also used Li strengths and H-R diagrams to constrain the absolute and relative ages of MBM12A and other young populations; these data indicate ages of 2 +3/-1 Myr for MBM12A and 10 Myr for the TW Hya and Eta Cha associations. MBM12A may be a slightly evolved version of the aggregates of young stars within the Taurus dark clouds (~1 Myr) near the age of the IC 348 cluster (~2 Myr).Comment: to be published in The Astrophysical Journal, 41 pages, 14 figures, also found at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/sfgroup/preprints.htm

Recent advances in catalytic and non-catalytic epoxidation of terpenes: a pathway to bio-based polymers from waste biomass

\ua9 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.Epoxides derived from waste biomass are a promising avenue for the production of bio-based polymers, including polyamides, polyesters, polyurethanes, and polycarbonates. This review article explores recent efforts to develop both catalytic and non-catalytic processes for the epoxidation of terpene, employing a variety of oxidizing agents and techniques for process intensification. Experimental investigations into the epoxidation of limonene have shown that these methods can be extended to other terpenes. To optimize the epoxidation of bio-based terpene, there is a need to develop continuous processes that address limitations in mass and heat transfer. This review discusses flow chemistry and innovative reactor designs as part of a multi-scale approach aimed at industrial transformation. These methods facilitate continuous processing, improve mixing, and either eliminate or reduce the need for solvents by enhancing heat transfer capabilities. Overall, the objective of this review is to contribute to the development of commercially viable processes for producing bio-based epoxides from waste biomass

Agromorphological genetic diversity of Spanish traditional melons

[EN] The variability of 62 Spanish landraces (and two hybrids used as reference) was described by analysing 39 morphological traits and eight SSR makers. Results showed that 81% of the examined genetic pool belonged to the inodorus type. Spanish traditional melons presented fruits from flattened and globular shapes to elliptical. Rind colour varied from pale green, almost white and yellow to dark green and almost black. Rind texture varied from smooth to intensely wrinkled. Spanish landraces also had larger fruits (average fruit weight 2.6 kg) and longer vegetative cycles (117 days to maturity) compared to landraces from other geographical origins. Farmers seem to have focused on selection towards large fruits, which usually requires the longest production cycles. Fruit colour, size and shape seemed to have been determinant in varietal selection. Hierarchical clustering resulted in two main groups (climacteric and non-climacteric). The largest group was composed of 60 accessions of non-climacteric types, which includes the most demanded by national markets, 'Piel de Sapo', which fruits were characterized by an ovate or elliptical shape, a green rind, big spots and stains distributed over the whole fruit, a rounded blossom end shape and a very pointed stem end shape. The study demonstrates that the Spanish genetic pool is much more diverse. Wide variability was found in a geographical area with vast historical importance in melon farming. These evaluations has allowed the identification of several uniform groups of non-climacteric cultivars ('Piel de Sapo', 'Mochuelo', 'Tendral', Yellow/White, Winter and Black groups) and a set of highly variable climacteric ones. However, many accessions with singular properties remain unclassified, demonstrating the morphological variability of the studied collection. Melons in Spain have wide variability together with a vast historical importance on farms. Some fruit types, or at least some morphological characters reflected by painters during centuries, have reached the present. The present study confirmed the need to preserve these irreplaceable genetic resources and continue their study and evaluation for valuable traits which could enhance farmer's opportunities for entering new markets.The authors would like to thank Maria Jose Diez, the curator of the COMAV's Genebank for providing some of the melon varieties included in this study. Financial support was received from the Genome-Spain Foundation through the Project MELONOMICS (http://www.gen-es.org/es/melanomics.cfm). This study was partially supported by the Project AGL2014-53398-C2-R (funded by the Spanish Economy and Competitiveness Department, and the European Regional Development Fund).Lázaro, A.; Fernandez, I.; Borrero, M.; Cabello, F.; Lopez-Sese, A.; Gómez-Guillamon, M.; Picó Sirvent, MB. (2017). Agromorphological genetic diversity of Spanish traditional melons. 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ECPGR Secretariat, Rome, ItalyEscribano S, Lázaro A (2009) Agro-morphological diversity of Spanish traditional melons (Cucumis melo L.) of the Madrid provenance. Genet Resour Crop Evol 56(4):481–497Escribano S, Lázaro A (2012) Sensorial characteristics of Spanish traditional melon genotypes: has the flavor of melon changed in the last century? Eur Food Res Technol 234(4):581–592. doi: 10.1007/s00217-012-1661-7Escribano S, Lázaro A, Cuevas HE, Lopez-Sese AI, Staub JE (2012) Spanish melons (Cucumis melo L.) of the Madrid provenance: a unique germplasm reservoir. Genet Resour Crop Evol 59(3):359–373Esquinas-Alcázar JT, Gulik PJ (1983) Genetic resources of Cucurbitaceae: a global report. International Board of Plant Genetic Resources, RomeEsteras C, Nuez F, Picó MB (2011) Genetic diversity studies in cucurbits using molecular tools. In: Wang Y-H, Behera TK, Kole C (eds) Genetics, genomics and breeding of crop plants. Genetics, genomics and breeding of cucurbits. Science, pp 225–255Esteras C, Formisano G, Roig C, Diaz A, Blanca J, Garcia-Mas J, Gomez-Guillamon ML, Lopez-Sese AI, Lazaro A, Monforte AJ, Pico B (2013) SNP genotyping in melons: genetic variation, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium. Theor Appl Genet 126(5):1285–1303FAO (2013) FAOSTAT-trade and markets. http://www.fao.org/es/esc/en/index.html . Accessed 31 Mar 2016Fernandez-Trujillo JP, Fernandez-Talavera M, Ruiz-Leon M, Roca MJ, Dos-Santos N (2012) Aroma volatiles during whole melon ripening in a climacteric near-isogenic line and its inbred non-climacteric parents. International Society of Horticulture Science, Leuven, p 1Gao P, Ma H, Luan F, Song H (2012) DNA fingerprinting of Chinese melon provides evidentiary support of seed quality appraisal. PLoS ONE 7(12): e52431. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052431Hammer K, Gladis T (2014) Notes on infraspecific nomenclature and classifications of cultivated plants in Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Gramineae (with a remark on Triticum dicoccon Schrank) and Leguminosae. Genet Resour Crop Evol 61(8):1455–1467Herrera GA (1777) Agricultura general. Don Antonio de Sancha, MadridKerje T, Grum M (2000) The origin of melon, Cucumis melo: a review of the literature. Acta Hortic 510:37–44Kimura M, Crow JF (1964) The number of alleles that can be maintained in a finite population. Genetics 49:725–738Laguna A (1991) Pedacio Dioscorides anazarbeo, Acerca de la materia medicinal y de los venenos mortiferos. Consejería de Agricultura y Cooperación de la Comunidad, Secretaría General Técnica, MadridLázaro A, Fernández-Navarro I, Cabello F, de Lorenzo C (2010) Catálogo de variedadres de melón tradicionales españolas. IMIDRA, Madrid, ISBN-10: 84-695-6262-2. www.madrid.org/bvirtual/BVCM003438.pdfLázaro A, Fernández-Navarro I, de Lorenzo C (2016) Using landraces in agriculture, food and cooking: experiences around a big city in Southern Europe. In: Maxted N, Dulloo MF-LB (eds) Enhancing crop genepool use. CABI, Birmingham, pp 313–317Levene H (1949) On a matching problem arising in genetics. Ann Math Stat 20:91–94Lewontin RC (1972) The apportionment of human diversity. Evol Biol 6:381–398López-Sesé AI, Staub JE, Gómez-Guillamón ML (2003) Genetic analysis of Spanish melon (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm using a standardized molecular-marker array and geographically diverse reference accessions. Theor Appl Genet 108(1):41–52Lotti C, Marcotrigiano A, De Giovanni C, Resta P, Ricciardi A, Zonno V, Fanizza G, Ricciardi L (2008) Univariate and multivariate analysis performed on bio-agronomical traits of Cucumis melo L. germplasm. Genet Resour Crop Evol 55(4):511–522McCreight JD, Nerson H, Grumet R (1993) Melon, Cucumis melo L. In: Kalloo G, Berkg BO (eds) Genetic improvement of vegetable crops. Pergamon Press, New York, pp 267–294Negri V, Becker H, Onnela J, Sartori A, Strajeru S, Laliberté B (2000) A first inventory of on-farm conservation and management activities in Europe including examples of formal and informal sector cooperation. In: Laliberté B, Maggioni L, Maxted N, Negri V (eds) ECP/GR In situ and on-farm conservation network. Report of a task force on wild species conservation in genetic reserves and a task force on on-farm conservation and management. Isola Polvese, Italy, pp 15–31Nei M (1973) Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 70(12):3321–3323Paris HS, Amar Z, Lev E (2012) Medieval emergence of sweet melons, Cucumis melo (Cucurbitaceae). Ann Bot 110(1):23–33Pitrat M (2008) Melon (Cucumis melo L.). In: Prohens J, Nuez F (eds) Handbook of crop breeding: vegetables, vol 1. Springer, New York, pp 283–315Rodriguez-Mohedano R, Rodriguez-Mohedano P (1781) Historia Literaria de España. Joachin Ibarra, MadridRoy A, Bal SS, Fergany M, Kaur S, Singh H, Malik A, Singh J, Monforte AJ, Dhillon NPS (2012) Wild melon diversity in India (Punjab State). Genet Resour Crop Evol 59(5):755–767Sensoy S, Buyukalaca S, Abak K (2007) Evaluation of genetic diversity in Turkish melons (Cucumis melo L.) based on phenotypic characters and RAPD markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 54(6):1351–1365Spataro G, Negri V (2013) The European seed legislation on conservation varieties: focus, implementation, present and future impact on landrace on farm conservation. Genet Resour Crop Evol 60(8):2421–2430Staub JE, Danin-Poleg Y, Fazio G, Horejsi T, Reis N, Katzir N (2000) Comparative analysis of cultivated melon groups (Cucumis melo L.) using random amplified polymorphic DNA and simple sequence repeat markers. 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A systematic review and meta-analysis on oncological radiotherapy in patients with a cardiac implantable electronic device: Prevalence and predictors of device malfunction in 3121 patients

Background: The number of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for cancer treatment is growing. At present, prevalence and predictors of RT-induced CIEDs malfunctions are not defined. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis conducted following the PRISMA recommendations. PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched from inception to 31/01/2022 for studies reporting RT-induced malfunctions in CIEDs patients. Aim was to assess the prevalence of RT-induced CIEDs malfunctions and identify potential predictors. Results: Thirty-two out of 3962 records matched the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 135 CIEDs malfunctions were detected among 3121 patients (6.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.1%–8.4%). The pooled prevalence increased moving from pacemaker (PM) to implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), and cardiac resynchronization therapy and defibrillator (CRT-D) groups (4.1%, 95% CI: 2.9–5.8; 8.2% 95% CI: 5.9–11.3; and 19.8%, 95% CI: 11.4–32.2 respectively). A higher risk ratio (RR) of malfunctions was found when neutron-producing energies were used as compared to non-neutron-producing energies (RR 9.98, 95% CI: 5.09–19.60) and in patients with ICD/CRT-D as compared to patients with PM/CRT-P (RR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.40–3.06). On the contrary, no association was found between maximal radiation dose at CIED >2 Gy and CIEDs malfunctions (RR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.31–2.76). Conclusions: Radiotherapy related CIEDs malfunction had a prevalence ranging from 4% to 20%. The use of neutron-producing energies and more complex devices (ICD/CRT-D) were associated with higher risk of device malfunction, while the radiation dose at CIED did not significantly impact on the risk unless higher doses (>10 Gy) were used

PHOTOMATCH: AN OPEN-SOURCE MULTI-VIEW and MULTI-MODAL FEATURE MATCHING TOOL for PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPLICATIONS

Automatic feature matching is a crucial step in Structure-from-Motion (SfM) applications for 3D reconstruction purposes. From an historical perspective we can say now that SIFT was the enabling technology that made SfM a successful and fully automated pipeline. SIFT was the ancestor of a wealth of detector/descriptor methods that are now available. Various research activities have tried to benchmark detector/descriptors operators, but a clear outcome is difficult to be drawn. This paper presents an ISPRS Scientific Initiative aimed at providing the community with an educational open-source tool (called PhotoMatch) for tie point extractions and image matching. Several enhancement and decolorization methods can be initially applied to an image dataset in order to improve the successive feature extraction steps. Then different detector/descriptor combinations are possible, coupled with different matching strategies and quality control metrics. Examples and results show the implemented functionality of PhotoMatch which has also a tutorial for shortly explaining the implemented methods