The effect of the lateral interactions on the critical behavior of long straight rigid rods on two-dimensional lattices

Using Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling analysis, the critical behavior of attractive rigid rods of length k (k-mers) on square lattices at intermediate density has been studied. A nematic phase, characterized by a big domain of parallel k-mers, was found. This ordered phase is separated from the isotropic state by a continuous transition occurring at a intermediate density \theta_c, which increases linearly with the magnitude of the lateral interactions.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

Newer methods of preparative organic chemistry, volume IV. Ed., W. Forest, Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim/Bergstr., Germany. 1968. 348 pages $15.00

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/100151/1/150080130_ftp.pd

Role of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors complex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult onset neurodegenerative disease pathologically characterized by the massive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brain stem and cerebral cortex. There is a consensus in the field that ALS is a multifactorial pathology and a number of possible mechanisms have been suggested. Among the proposed hypothesis, glutamate toxicity has been one of the most investigated. Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor mediated cell death and impairment of the glutamate-transport system have been suggested to play a central role in the glutamate-mediated motor neuron degeneration. In this context, the role played by the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor has received considerable less attention notwithstanding its high Ca2+ permeability, expression in motor neurons and its importance in excitotoxicity. This review overviews the critical role of NMDA-mediated toxicity in ALS, with a particular emphasis on the endogenous modulators of the NMDAR

Micromagnetic simulation study of a disordered model for one-dimensional granular perovskite manganite oxide nanostructures

Chemical techniques are an efficient method to synthesize one-dimensional perovskite manganite oxide nanostructures with a granular morphology, that is, formed by arrays of monodomain magnetic nanoparticles. Integrating the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, we simulate the dynamics of a simple disordered model for such materials that only takes into account the morphological characteristics of their nanograins. We show that it is possible to describe reasonably well experimental hysteresis loops reported in the literature for single La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 nanotubes and powders of these nanostructures, simulating small systems consisting of only 100 nanoparticles.Fil: Longone, Pablo Jesus. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; ArgentinaFil: Romá, Federico José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentin

The Life and Death of Gourmet: The Magazine of Good Living, January 1941-November 2009

Have you ever wondered how the best information about food trends, top chefs, and food preparation secrets were shared throughout the world? The simple answer for many of us is "Gourmet: The Magazine of Good Living." This iconic magazine defined sophisticated dining, entertainment, and travel lifestyles from January 1941 through November 2009, offering an intellectual dialog about the "best of the best."http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/120259/1/Gourmet_14.pd

First report of Dactylonectria alcacerensis, Dactylonectria macrodidyma and Ilyonectria liriodendri associated with black-foot disease of grapevine in Argentina

Black-foot is a fungal disease that affects young vines and planting material in the countries where grapevines are cultivated. During the 2018 grape-growing season, symptoms of reduced vigor, short internodes, leaf chlorosis, root rot and necrosis in the base of plants were observed in vines between 2 to 10 years old from 400 ha of vineyards of Mendoza and Salta regions. A total of 30% of the vineyards of cultivars Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon and Aspirant Bouchet, and rootstocks 101-14 Millardet et de Grasset and 1103 Paulsen, had vines with disease symptoms. Vines had 15% disease incidence and 30% disease severity. These symptoms have been described as characteristic of black-foot, caused by "Cylindrocarpon"-like asexual morph fungi. Isolations were made from roots and basal part of 30 symptomatic plants. Fragments of advanced necrotic tissue were washed with running water, surface sterilized with 70% alcohol for 20 seconds, 2% NaOCl solution for 4 minutes and rinsed in sterile distilled water twice. These fragments were placed onto Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and incubated at 25°C in the dark for 10 days to isolate fungal pathogens. A total of 50 colonies resembling black-foot disease pathogens were subcultured onto fresh PDA in order to obtain single spore cultures. The isolates developed buff to cinnamon and dark brown, and felty mycelium. Colonies subcultured in synthetic nutrient agar (SNA) produced hyaline, cylindrical, straight and/or slightly curved with one to three septate (35.6 × 5.3 µm) macroconidia and abundant, hyaline, ellipsoidal and zero to one septate (12.5 × 6.0 µm) microconidia. Cultures and conidia morphological characteristics were similar to those of Ilyonectria or Dactylonectria genera (Cabral et al. 2012a; Lombard et al. 2014). DNA sequence analysis of the partial histone H3 gene was obtained for isolates INTA SC1 (I. liriodendri), INTA LC2 (D. alcacerensis) and INTA LC1 (D. macrodidyma) and deposited in GenBank (accession nos. OK338901, OK338900 and OK338899). The BLAST search was conducted against type specimens. Sequences showed high similarity (99% to 100%) to the sequences of Ilyonectria liriodendri (Halleen, Rego & Crous) Chaverri & Salgado (GenBank accession no. JF735509), Dactylonectria alcacerensis (A. Cabral, Oliveira & Crous) L. Lombard & Crous (GenBank accession no. JF735630) and Dactylonectria macrodidyma (Halleen, Schroers & Crous) L. Lombard & Crous (GenBank accession no. JF735647). Pathogenicity tests were conducted under greenhouse conditions on 1-year-old rooted canes cv Malbec using the three isolates. Ten rooted cuttings with pruned roots were immersed in a suspension of 106 conidia ml-1 of each isolate for 60 min (Cabral et al. 2012b) while control cuttings were immersed in sterile distilled water. Immediately they were planted in pots and kept in a greenhouse at a temperature between 25 to 30°C. Symptoms developed on all plants 4 months after inoculation and consisted in necrotic lesions of roots and in the base of the canes, with a reduction in root biomass. Plants did not develop aerial symptoms. All fungi were re-isolated only from necrotic lesions of root and base of inoculated canes, fulfilling Koch's postulates. No symptoms were observed on the control plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the species I. liriodendri, D. alcacerensis and D. macrodidyma associated with black-foot disease of grapevine in Argentina. Black-foot disease has a negative effect on the viability of planting material and young vines, and this report will assist with monitoring distribution of the disease as well as developing management recommendations to nurseries and grape growers in Argentina.EEA MendozaFil: Longone, Maria Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Escoriaza, Maria Georgina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Paolinelli, Marcos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Gramaje, David. Universidad de la Rioja. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino; España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino; Españ

Lattice-gas Monte Carlo study of sI clathrate hydrates of ethylene: Stability analysis and cell distortion

In this paper, a two-dimensional lattice-gas model is applied to study the stability and lattice distortion of sI clathrate hydrates of ethylene. Two levels of approximation are considered for the lateral interactions between the adsorbed molecules. By using Monte Carlo simulations, adsorption isotherm (coverage of the cavities as a function of the chemical potential), degree of deformation of the sI structure, and free energy of the adsorbed phase are obtained. A direct relationship between cell distortion and cell occupancy is observed. In addition, the minimum distortion coincides with the minimum value of the free energy. Accordingly, the stability phase diagram can be calculated from the values of the chemical potential at the minimum deformation. The obtained results indicate that the most stable condition of the system occurs for values of the cavity density ranging between 0.35 and 0.4. Finally, MC results are compared with data from experiments and more complex simulations.Fil: Longone, Pablo Jesus. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; ArgentinaFil: Martín, Ángel. Universidad de Valladolid; EspañaFil: Ramirez Pastor, Antonio Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentin

Transmisión de fitoplasmas por insectos auquenorrincos capturados en viñedos en Chile

Tesis para obtener el Grado de Magíster en Ciencias Agropecuarias, mención Sanidad Vegetal, de la Universidad de Chile, en julio de 2013Durante el año 2011, desde enero hasta mayo (excepto febrero), se realizó una prospección de insectos hemípteros auquenorrincos en viñedos infectados por fitoplasmas, dos ubicados en la Región Metropolitana (Alto Jahuel y Pirque) y uno en la de Valparaíso (Casablanca). Se determinó que las especies más abundantes encontradas corresponden a cicadélidos adultos de Amplicephalus curtulus Linnavuori & De Long y Paratanus exitiosus Beamer. Mensualmente (de septiembre de 2011 a mayo 2012), en los tres viñedos se capturaron estas dos especies para realizar las pruebas de transmisión en jaulas entomológicas utilizando plantas de vid cv. Cabernet Sauvignon y plantas de vinca (Catharanthus roseus L.) obtenidas desde semillas. Las capturas se realizaron utilizando una red entomológica. Individuos adultos de P. exitiosus capturados en los viñedos transmitieron el fitoplasma 16SrIII-J (X-disease group) a plantas de vinca, quienes presentaron los siguientes síntomas: virescencia, filodia, amarilleces en hojas y proliferación de yemas adventicias (“escoba de bruja”). También, se demostró que P. exitiosus transmitió el mismo fitoplasma a plantas de vid, las que presentaron entrenudos cortos con hojas deformadas y enrolladas hacia el envés. Los resultados del presente trabajo indican, por primera vez, que P. extiosus es vector del fitoplasma perteneciente al subgrupo ribosomal 16SrIII-J.In 2011, from January to May (except February), was carried out a survey of insects Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha in vineyards infected by phytoplasmas; two vineyards were located in the Metropolitana Region (Alto Jahuel and Pirque) and one vineyard was located Valparaiso Region (Casablanca). It was determined that the most abundant species found were adult leafhoppers of Amplicephalus curtulus Linnavuori & De Long and Paratanus exitiosus Beamer. Monthly (from September 2011 to May 2012), from the same three vineyards, these two species were captured for transmission trials in grapevine cv. Cabernet Sauvignon and periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L.) seedlings placed in entomological cages. The insects were captured by sweeping with an entomological net. Paratanus exitiosus adult individuals captured in the vineyards have transmitted the phytoplasma 16SrIII-J (X-disease group) to periwinkle plants, which showed virescence, phyllody, yellowing of leaves and adventitious buds proliferation (“witch broom”). Also, it was shown that P. exitiosus transmitted the same phytoplasma to grapevine plants that exhibited short internodes and downward leaf rolling. The results of this study indicate, for the first time, that P. extiosus is vector of the phytoplasma belonging to ribosomal subgroup 16SrIII-J.EEA MendozaFil: Longone, Maria Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; Argentin

Isotropic-nematic phase diagram for interacting rigid rods on two-dimensional lattices

The phase behavior of interacting rigid rods of length k (k-mers) on two-dimensional square and triangular lattices has been studied by theoretical calculations in the framework of the lattice-gas model. The process was analyzed by comparing the dependence on coverage of the free energy per site of an isotropic submonolayer of interacting k-mers fiso(θ) with that corresponding to a fully aligned (nematic) system fnem(θ). The existence of an intersection point between the curves fiso(θ) and fnem(θ), which is indicative of the occurrence of an isotropic-nematic phase transition in the adlayer, allowed us to obtain the complete (temperature, coverage, k-mer size) phase diagram of the system.Fil: Longone, Pablo Jesus. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Departamento de Física; ArgentinaFil: Davila, Mara Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Departamento de Física; ArgentinaFil: Ramirez Pastor, Antonio Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Departamento de Física; Argentin

Percolation of aligned rigid rods on two-dimensional triangular lattices

The percolation behavior of aligned rigid rods of length k ( k -mers) on two-dimensional triangular lattices has been studied by numerical simulations and finite-size scaling analysis. The k -mers, containing k identical units (each one occupying a lattice site), were irreversibly deposited along one of the directions of the lattice. The connectivity analysis was carried out by following the probability R L , k ( p ) that a lattice composed of L × L sites percolates at a concentration p of sites occupied by particles of size k . The results, obtained for k ranging from 2 to 80, showed that the percolation threshold p c ( k ) exhibits a increasing function when it is plotted as a function of the k -mer size. The dependence of p c ( k ) was determined, being p c ( k ) = A + B / ( C + √ k ) , where A = p c ( k → ∞ ) = 0.582 ( 9 ) is the value of the percolation threshold by infinitely long k -mers, B = − 0.47 ( 0.21 ) , and C = 5.79 ( 2.18 ) . This behavior is completely different from that observed for square lattices, where the percolation threshold decreases with k . In addition, the effect of the anisotropy on the properties of the percolating phase was investigated. The results revealed that, while for finite systems the anisotropy of the deposited layer favors the percolation along the parallel direction to the alignment axis, in the thermodynamic limit, the value of the percolation threshold is the same in both parallel and transversal directions. Finally, an exhaustive study of critical exponents and universality was carried out, showing that the phase transition occurring in the system belongs to the standard random percolation universality class regardless of the value of k considered.Fil: Longone, Pablo Jesus. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; ArgentinaFil: Centres, Paulo Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; ArgentinaFil: Ramirez Pastor, Antonio Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentin