Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Does economic uncertainty have an impact on decisions to bear children? Evidence from Eastern Germany

'Economic agents routinely face various types of economic uncertainty. Seldom have these various forms of uncertainty manifested themselves more sharply than in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe. In East Germany, the transition was especially rapid and sharp since East Germany virtually over night made the transition from the Eastern European system to the market economy of Western Germany. Uncertainties increased and many institutional and behavioral adjustments took place in a concentrated period of time. Among the latter was a sharp fall in fertility rates, leading to a growing literature on the explanation for this decline. This paper focuses directly on the link between uncertainty and childbearing decisions and examines the link at the micro level. It develops a stylized overlapping generations model showing that the relationship between economic uncertainty and childbearing decisions is not necessarily monotonic, and hence that the aforementioned inverse relationship is merely a testable hypothesis. It then uses GSOEP data for 1992 and 1996 to estimate the nature of this relationship, and concludes that while this relationship was indeed negative for East German women during these two years, the nature of uncertainty affecting their childbearing decisions differed across the years.' (author's abstract)Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen oekonomischen Unsicherheiten und der Fertilitaetsrate in den neuen Bundeslaendern. Selten haben sich die verschiedenen Formen der Unsicherheit schaerfer manifestiert als in den Transformationsoekonomien Zentral- und Osteuropas. In Ostdeutschland war der Uebergang besonders schnell und scharf, da Ostdeutschland praktisch ueber Nacht den Uebergang vom osteuropaeischen System zur Marktwirtschaft Westdeutschlands vollzog. Unsicherheiten nahmen zu und viele institutionelle und verhaltensbezogenen Anpassungen fanden in einem kurzen Zeitabschnitt statt. In dieser Periode war ein starker Abfall der Fertilitaetsrate zu verzeichnen, was dazu fuehrte, dass sich viele Wissenschaftler mit diesem Phaenomen beschaeftigten. Der vorliegende Beitrag konzentriert sich direkt auf die Verbindung zwischen Unsicherheit und Gebaerenentscheidungen und untersucht diese auf der Mikroebene. Es wird ein 'stylized overlapping generations model' entwickelt und gezeigt, dass das Verhaeltnis zwischen oekonomischer Unsicherheit und Gebaerenentscheidungen nicht notwendigerweise gleich bleibend ist. Es werden dann Daten des 'German Socio-economic Panel' zwischen 1992 und 1996 verwendet, um die Art dieses Verhaeltnisses zu ueberpruefen. Die Autoren stellen fest, dass sich die Art der Unsicherheit unterschiedlich auf die Gebaerentscheidung auswirkte. (ICDUebers)German title: Hat wirtschaftliche Unsicherheit einen Einfluss auf die Entscheidung, Kinder zu bekommen?: Erkenntnisse aus OstdeutschlandSIGLEAvailable from http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2002-037.pdf / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

CP asymmetries in B sup 0 decays beyond the Standard Model

Of the many ingredients of the Standard Model that are relevant for the analysis of CP asymmetries in B{sup 0} decays, some are likely to hold even beyond the Standard Model while other are sensitive to new physics. Consequently, certain predictions are maintained while other may shoe dramatic deviations from the Standard Model. Many classes of models may show clear signatures when the asymmetries are measured: four quark generations, Z-mediated flavor changing neutral currents, supersymmetry and real superweak'' models. On the other hand, models of left-right symmetry and multi-Higgs sectors with natural flavor conservation are unlikely to modify the Standard Model predictions

in a Global Multi-Stakeholder Environment

3 Wolfgang Kleinwächter (Ed.) The Power of Ideas: Internet Governance in