Supporting stimulation needs in dementia care through wall-sized displays

Beside reminiscing, the increasing cognitive decline in dementia can also be addressed through sensory stimulation allowing the immediate, nonverbal engagement with the world through one’s senses. Much HCI work has prioritized cognitive stimulation for reminiscing or personhood often on small screens, while less research has explored sensory stimulation like the one enabled by large displays. We describe a year-long deployment in a residential care home of a wall-sized display, and explored its domestication through 24 contextual interviews. Findings indicate strong engagement and attachment to the display which has inspired four psychosocial interventions using online generic content. We discuss the value of these findings for personhood through residents’ exercise of choices, the tension between generic/personal content and its public/private use, the importance of participatory research approach to domestication, and the infrastructure-based prototype, illustrated by the DementiaWall and its generative quality

Evaluation du statut oxydatif et inflammatoire (développement analytique et application en biologie clinique)

Les lipoprotéines de haute densité (HDL) ont des effets bénéfiques sur le système cardiovasculaire. Un des mécanismes implique l inhibition de l expression des molécules d adhésion cellulaires vasculaires-1 (VCAM-1) par les cellules endothéliales. Nous avons examiné les effets de l apolipoprotéine A-I, du facteur peptidique anionique (APF) avec ou sans phosphatidylcholines (PCs) et des PCs sur l expression de VCAM-1 par les cellules endothéliales de veines ombilicales humaines (HUVEC). Les HUVEC étaient stimulées par le tumor necrosis factor-a ou le calcium lié à l héparine. Les résultats indiquent que l APF administré à dose physiologique seul ou associé aux complexes apolipoprotéine/PCs apparaît être un facteur pertinent impliqué dans l inhibition de l expression de VCAM-1. Notre étude apporte la perspective d une stratégie antiathérogène à travers l enrichissement des HDL par l APF afin de diminuer le processus inflammatoire. Afin d évaluer le statut oxydatif de patients, nous avons développé un test ELISA de type sandwich afin de mesurer l albumine modifiée par HNE, MDA et hexanal et tester différents kits commercialisés. Des courbes standard reproductibles ont été obtenues mais les essais avec les sérums n ont pas été concluants à cause d un effet inhibiteur de la réaction. Nous avons montré que les dosages sériques des anticorps anti-LDL oxydées (oxLDL) et de la matrix Gla protein montrent des résultats divergents. Une étude comparative des kits de dosage des oxLDL est nécessaire pour déterminer l épitope oxydé le plus prédictif de maladies cardiovasculaires. Les peroxydes, l activité de la paraoxonase 1 (PON1) et la composition en acide gras des membranes érythrocytaires apparaissent comme un biomarqueur pertinent du stress oxydant chez les patients. Ce travail aidera à déterminer le stress oxydatif chez les patients, et les biomarqueurs comme la PON1 et les peroxydes pourraient être intégrés en routine dans un laboratoire d analyses de biologie médicale.High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) have cardiovascular benefits. One of the mechanisms involves the inhibition by HDLs of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in endothelial cells. We examined the effects of either the apolipoprotein A-I and the anionic peptide factor (APF) in the presence or absence of phosphatidylcholines (PCs), or the free PCs, on the expression of VCAM-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The HUVEC were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-a or the calcium bound to heparin. The main result indicates that APF administrated at physiological concentration in the lipid-free form or into apolipoprotein/PCs complexes appears as a relevant factor involved in the inhibition of VCAM-1 expression. Our study provides a perspective of an antiatherogenic strategy, through the expansion of the APF-enriched HDL in order to alleviate the inflammatory process. To evaluate the status of oxidative stress in patients, we aimed to developp a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure serum HNE, MDA and Hexanal-modified albumin, and to test different commercial kits. Reproducible standard curves were obtained but assays with serum of patients have not been completed due to an inhibitory effect on the reaction by serum. We show that oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) antibodies and matrix Gla protein in clinical cardiovascular disease give diverging results. Comparative studies of the different kit assays of oxLDL are needed to assess which oxidation-specific epitopes are most predictive of cardiovascular disease. Peroxides, paraoxonase 1 activity (PON1) and the fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte plasmic membrane phospholipids appear as a relevant biological markers to evaluate oxidative stress. We believe that this work will be helpful for the assessment of oxidative stress in patients, and that biomarkers like PON1 and peroxides could be integrated into routine clinical laboratory analyses.AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Méd/Odontol. (130552103) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

APPORT DU PARASIGHT*-F DANS LE DIAGNOSTIC DU PALUDISME A PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Pharmacie (130552105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Evaluation of new apolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein C-III automatized immunoturbidimetric kits

International audienc

Point-of-care measurements of HbA1c: Simplicity does not mean laxity with controls

International audienc

H3K27me3 expression and methylation status in histological variants of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours

Diagnosing MPNST can be challenging, but genetic alterations recently identified in polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) core component genes, EED and SUZ12, resulting in global loss of the histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) epigenetic mark, represent drivers of malignancy and a valuable diagnostic tool. However, the reported loss of H3K27me3 expression ranges from 35–84%. We show that advances in molecular pathology now allows many MPNST mimics to be classified confidently. We confirm that MPNSTs harbouring mutations in PRC2 core components are associated with loss of H3K27me3 expression; whole genome doubling was detected in 68%, and SSTR2 was amplified in 32% of MPNSTs. We demonstrate that loss of H3K27me3 expression occurs overall in 38% of MPNSTs, but is lost in 76% of histologically classical cases, whereas loss was detected in only 23% cases with heterologous elements and 14% where the diagnosis could not be provided on morphology alone. H3K27me3 loss is rarely seen in other high‐grade sarcomas and was not found to be associated with an inferior outcome in MPNST. We show that DNA methylation profiling distinguish MPNST from its histological mimics, was unrelated to anatomical site and formed two main clusters, MeGroup 4 and 5. MeGroup 4 represents classical MPNSTs lacking H3K27me3 expression in the majority of cases, whereas MeGroup 5 comprise MPNSTs exhibiting non‐classical histology and expressing H3K27me3 and cluster with undifferentiated sarcomas. The two MeGroups are distinguished by differentially methylated PRC2‐associated genes, the majority of which are hypermethylated in the promoter regions in MeGroup 4, indicating that the PRC2 target genes are not expressed in these tumours. The methylation profiles of MPNSTs with retention of H3K27me3 in MeGroup 4 and 5 are independent of mutations in PRC2 core components and the driver(s) in these groups remain to be identified. Our results open new avenues of investigation