Safety and treatment compliance of subcutaneous immunotherapy: A 30-year retrospective study

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Different epidemiology of bloodstream infections in COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 critically ill patients: A descriptive analysis of the Eurobact II study

Background: The study aimed to describe the epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HABSIs) between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 critically ill patients. Methods: We used data from the Eurobact II study, a prospective observational multicontinental cohort study on HABSI treated in ICU. For the current analysis, we selected centers that included both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 critically ill patients. We performed descriptive statistics between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 in terms of patients’ characteristics, source of infection and microorganism distribution. We studied the association between COVID-19 status and mortality using multivariable fragility Cox models. Results: A total of 53 centers from 19 countries over the 5 continents were eligible. Overall, 829 patients (median age 65 years [IQR 55; 74]; male, n = 538 [64.9%]) were treated for a HABSI. Included patients comprised 252 (30.4%) COVID-19 and 577 (69.6%) non-COVID-19 patients. The time interval between hospital admission and HABSI was similar between both groups. Respiratory sources (40.1 vs. 26.0%, p < 0.0001) and primary HABSI (25.4% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.006) were more frequent in COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients had more often enterococcal (20.5% vs. 9%) and Acinetobacter spp. (18.8% vs. 13.6%) HABSIs. Bacteremic COVID-19 patients had an increased mortality hazard ratio (HR) versus non-COVID-19 patients (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.49–2.45). Conclusions: We showed that the epidemiology of HABSI differed between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. Enterococcal HABSI predominated in COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients with HABSI had elevated risk of mortality. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.org number NCT03937245. Registered 3 May 2019

In Vivo and In Vitro Assessment and Proteomic Analysis of the Effectiveness of Physical Treatments in Reducing Allergenicity of Hazelnut Proteins

Hazelnut is a widespread nut species, especially present in Europe, that can be consumed raw or roasted thanks to its pleasant taste and nutritional properties. In addition to renowned beneficial properties hazelnuts contain several proteins capable of inducing food allergy in sensitized individuals, including Cor a 2 (a profilin), Cor a 8 (a lipid transfer protein), Cor a 9 (an 11S seed storage globulin, legumin-like), and Cor a 11 (a 7S seed storage globulin, vicilin-like). In the present paper we investigated the effectiveness of autoclave-based treatments in decreasing the allergic potential of hazelnut as assessed by submitting the treated material to an in vivo skin prick test and an in vitro immunoblot analysis, with sera of allergic individuals exposed to the treated food material. This preliminary analysis showed that autoclave treatment preceded by hydration and/or followed by drying seems to be a promising approach and appears to be effective in reducing the allergenicity of hazelnuts in most patients, probably due to the denaturation of most major and minor allergenic proteins. This work opens up the opportunity to produce hypoallergenic hazelnut derivatives that can be tolerated by allergic subjects

Le applicazioni della Chimica Farmaceutica di Camille G. Wermuth

Medicinal Chemistr

RACK1 cooperates with NRASQ61K to promote melanoma in vivo

Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer. RACK1 (Receptor for activated protein kinase C) protein was proposed as a biological marker of melanoma in human and domestic animal species harboring spontaneous melanomas. As a scaffold protein, RACK1 is able to coordinate the interaction of key signaling molecules implicated in both physiological cellular functions and tumorigenesis. A role for RACK1 in rewiring ERK and JNK signaling pathways in melanoma cell lines had been proposed. Here, we used a genetic approach to test this hypothesis in vivo in the mouse. We show that Rack1 knock-down in the mouse melanoma cell line B16 reduces invasiveness and induces cell differentiation. We have developed the first mouse model for RACK1 gain of function, Tyr::Rack1-HA transgenic mice, targeting RACK1 to melanocytes in vivo. RACK1 overexpression was not sufficient to initiate melanomas despite activated ERK and AKT. However, in a context of melanoma predisposition, RACK1 overexpression reduced latency and increased incidence and metastatic rate. In primary melanoma cells from Tyr::Rack1-HA, Tyr::NRasQ61K mice, activated JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and activated STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) acted as RACK1 oncogenic partners in tumoral progression. A sequential and coordinated activation of ERK, JNK and STAT3 with RACK1 is shown to accelerate aggressive melanoma development in vivo.Fil: Campagne, C.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Francia. Université Paris-Est; FranciaFil: Reyes-Gomez, E.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Francia. Université Paris-Est; FranciaFil: Picco, María Elisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Loiodice, S.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Francia. Université Paris-Est; FranciaFil: Salaun, P.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Francia. Université Paris-Est; FranciaFil: Ezagal, J.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Francia. Université Paris-Est; FranciaFil: Bernex, F.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Francia. Université Paris-Est; FranciaFil: Commère, P. H.. Instituto Pasteur; FranciaFil: Pons, S.. Instituto Pasteur; FranciaFil: Esquerre, D.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Universite Toulose 1 Capitole; FranciaFil: Bourneuf, E.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Université Paris-Saclay; FranciaFil: Estellé, J.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Université Paris-Saclay; FranciaFil: Maskos, U.. Instituto Pasteur; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Lopez Bergami, Pablo Roberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Universidad Maimónides. Área de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Biotecnológicas. Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y de Diagnóstico; ArgentinaFil: Aubin Houzelstein, G.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort; Francia. Université Paris-Est; FranciaFil: Panthier, J.J.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Instituto Pasteur; Francia. Université Paris-Est; FranciaFil: Egidy, G.. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia. Université Paris-Saclay; Francia. Université Paris-Est; Franci

Landascape education as italian contribution to the implementation of the Agenda 2030

Perhaps it could be suggested to the Commission of Sages who are elaborating the Plan for the National Strategy for Sustainable Development in implementation of the global commitments established by the Agenda 2030, to deepen the theme of landscape education: it could thus make a real original contribution and specifically national protection, of the destinies of the world. In fact, in the Italian landscape, many of those 17 “goals” are embodied which constitute the objectives of the Agenda. But above all in the Italian landscape, as it has been configured in secular history, it is outlined - this is the meaning of this article - a real alternative ecological paradigm, a model of balance between humanity and nature full of future and able to overcome , in friendship, beauty, harmony, conviviality, the often violent and contrasting hybris that yesterday in the West and today also in the East has marked modernity

Different epidemiology of bloodstream infections in COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 critically ill patients: a descriptive analysis of the Eurobact II study

Funder: European society of Intensive Care MedicineFunder: European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID)Funder: Norva Dahlia foundation and the Redcliffe Hospital Private Practice Trust FundAbstract Background The study aimed to describe the epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HABSIs) between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 critically ill patients. Methods We used data from the Eurobact II study, a prospective observational multicontinental cohort study on HABSI treated in ICU. For the current analysis, we selected centers that included both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 critically ill patients. We performed descriptive statistics between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 in terms of patients’ characteristics, source of infection and microorganism distribution. We studied the association between COVID-19 status and mortality using multivariable fragility Cox models. Results A total of 53 centers from 19 countries over the 5 continents were eligible. Overall, 829 patients (median age 65 years [IQR 55; 74]; male, n = 538 [64.9%]) were treated for a HABSI. Included patients comprised 252 (30.4%) COVID-19 and 577 (69.6%) non-COVID-19 patients. The time interval between hospital admission and HABSI was similar between both groups. Respiratory sources (40.1 vs. 26.0%, p &lt; 0.0001) and primary HABSI (25.4% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.006) were more frequent in COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients had more often enterococcal (20.5% vs. 9%) and Acinetobacter spp. (18.8% vs. 13.6%) HABSIs. Bacteremic COVID-19 patients had an increased mortality hazard ratio (HR) versus non-COVID-19 patients (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.49–2.45). Conclusions We showed that the epidemiology of HABSI differed between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. Enterococcal HABSI predominated in COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients with HABSI had elevated risk of mortality. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.org number NCT03937245. Registered 3 May 2019. </jats:sec