SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS FOR AND IMPACTS OF ESTABLISHING AND OPERATING A NEW GENERATION COOPERATIVE: THE CASE OF THE SOUTH DAKOTA SOYBEAN PROCESSORS

Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries,

The Structure of South Dakota Agriculture Changes and Projections

Agriculture in South Dakota has changed greatly in the second half of the 20th century and many more changes will occur in the next 20 to 50 years of the 21st century. \u27\u27The technology, organization, and structure of agriculture are dynamic, and future changes may dwarf past ones. The evolution of agriculture will have important impacts on farmers and society at large. (Hallam, 1993, pg. 1 ). The purposes of this report are: (1) to examine and explain key changes in the organization and structure of South Dakota\u27s farm sector, (2) to provide a contemporary profile of farm business and household characteristics, and (3) to suggest where structural changes may lead in the future. This report includes the following major topics: • major forces of change affecting farm structure • changes in farm numbers and physical farm size • sales volume and concentration trends • land tenure and ownership trends • farm household income and employment trends • farm enterprise specialization and diversity, and • a profile of South Dakota farms by economic class Most of the data examined in this report are from various U.S. Census of Agriculture reports for South Dakota. Substantial portions of this report update and reinterpret information presented in an earlier report on Structural Trends in South Dakota Agriculture (Janssen and Edelman, 1983). The inspiration for preparing this report comes from the many questions asked by producers, agribusiness persons, students, community leaders, and concerned citizens about changes in South Dakota\u27s #1 industry: AGRICULTURE

Structural and functional papez circuit integrity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is heterogeneous but now recognized as a feature in non-demented patients and no longer exclusively attributed to executive dysfunction. However, despite common reports of temporal lobe changes and memory deficits in ALS, episodic memory has been less explored. In the current study, we examined how the Papez circuit—a circuit known to participate in memory processes—is structurally and functionally affected in ALS patients (n = 20) compared with healthy controls (n = 15), and whether these changes correlated with a commonly used clinical measure of episodic memory. Our multimodal MRI approach (cortical volume, voxel-based morphometry, diffusion tensor imaging and resting state functional magnetic resonance) showed reduced gray matter in left hippocampus, left entorhinal cortex and right posterior cingulate as well as increased white matter fractional anisotropy and decreased mean diffusivity in the left cingulum bundle (hippocampal part) of ALS patients compared with controls. Interestingly, thalamus, mammillary bodies and fornix were preserved. Finally, we report a decreased functional connectivity in ALS patients in bilateral hippocampus, bilateral anterior and posterior parahippocampal gyrus and posterior cingulate. The results revealed that ALS patients showed statistically significant structural changes, but more important, widespread prominent functional connectivity abnormalities across the regions comprising the Papez circuit. The decreased functional connectivity found in the Papez network may suggest these changes could be used to assess risk or assist early detection or development of memory symptoms in ALS patients even before structural changes are established

The South Dakota Soybean Processors Cooperative: Socioeconomic Impacts

Agribusiness,

THE STRUCTURE OF SOUTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURE: CHANGES AND PROJECTIONS

Agriculture in South Dakota has changed greatly in the second half of the 20th century and many more changes will occur in the next 20 to 50 years of the 21st century. This report examines and explains key changes in the organization and structure of South Dakota's farm sector, provides a contemporary profile of farm business and household characteristics, and suggests where structural changes may lead in the future. The major topics range from changes in farm numbers and physical farm size to changes in land tenure and ownership to farm enterprise specialization. The report also highlights the increase in income and changing employment patterns among farm households

'Hydra' by Ann Savageau (image)

Spring Issuehttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/61137/1/3001.pd