Simultaneous phacoemulsification, lens implantation and endothelial keratoplasty: Triple procedure

Introduction. Simultaneous Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty, phacoemulsification, and intraocular lens implantation are indicated in Fuchs’ dystrophy with associated cataract. Compared to the standard method of the triple procedure which includes penetrating keratoplasty, this new method has the advantages of sutureless surgery, small limbal incision, faster recovery, less surface problems, less astigmatism, stronger tensile strength and more predictable calculation of the intraocular lens power. This is the first report of such a combination of procedures in our literature. Case report. A 76-year-old woman suffered from a gradual bilateral visual loss. The best corrected visual acuity was 20/60 (right eye) and finger counting at 1m (left eye). Corneal thickness was 590 μm and 603 μm, respectively. A marked cornea guttata and nuclear cataract were present in both eyes. Phacoemulsification, lens implantation, and Descemet stripping were done in the left eye. The posterior lamellar corneal graft, 8.0 mm in diameter and about 150 μm thick, was bent and inserted through the limbal incision. The air was injected into the anterior chamber to attach the graft to the recipient stroma. The cornea remained clear, and the transplant was attached during a two-year follow-up. Visual acuity was 20/40 after two months, and 20/25 after one year. Conclusion. The new technique proved itself as a good choice for the treatment of a mild Fuchs’ dystrophy associated with cataract

Stabilnost kalema rožnjače posle endotelne keratoplastike

Bacground/Aim. Techniques for replacing the corneal endothelium have been improved. The host-graft interface is the key to graft adhesion and visual recovery. The aim of this study was to establish graft stability after Descemet stripping with endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), compare it to the graft stability after endothelial keratoplasty with the intact posterior corneal layers (nDSEK) in the rabbit cornea, and to investigate the nature of wound healing. Methods. Adult white rabbits (n = 20) were divided in two experimental groups: ten rabbits underwent monocular DSEK, and ten rabbits underwent endothelial keratoplasty without Descemet stripping (nDSEK). On the second postoperative day a horizontal dislocation of the graft was tried using the Lindstrom roller in each animal. Corneas were processed for the light microscopy study. Results. Rolling the Lindstrom instrument over the corneal surface did not cause horizontal dislocation in any of the operated eyes. In the DSEK group light microscopy revealed the lack of inflammation and fibrosis at the clearly distinctive donor-recipient interface (DRI). Retrocorneal membrane was found in two eyes. In nDSEK group, the host Descemet' s membrane (DM) was intact without endothelial cells, with good graft apposition, without inflammation, fibrosis, or retrocorneal membrane. Conclusion. This study suggests that there is no difference in graft stability in DSEK compared to nDSEK in rabbit corneas. Wounds healed at DRI by hypocellular scarring only in both experimental groups.Uvod/Cilj. Tehnike zamene kornealnog endotela se unapređuju. Ključ za adheziju grafta i oporavak vida je interfejs domaćina prema kalemu. Cilj rada bio je da se utvrdi stabilnost kalema rožnjače kod endotelne keratoplastike sa svlačenjem (DSEK) i uporedi sa stabilnošću kalema kod endotelne keratoplastike sa intaktnom zadnjom površinom (nDSEK) na zečijoj rožnjači, kao i da se ispita način zarastanja operativne rane. Metode. Eksperiment je izveden na kunićima soja činčile (n = 20), podeljenim u dve eksperimentalne grupe. U prvoj grupi (deset očiju) urađen je DSEK, a u drugoj (deset očiju) endotelna keratoplastika bez ljuštenja endotela. Drugog postoperativnog dana kod svih kunića izvršen je pokušaj horizontalne dislokacije kalema pomoću Lindstromovog rolera. Rožnjače su pripremljene za svetlosnu mikroskopiju. Rezultati. Pomeranjem Lindstromovog rolera preko površine rožnjače nije bilo moguće dislocirati nijedan kalem. U DSEK grupi, na svetlosnoj mikroskopiji nije bilo zapaljenja, niti fibroze na spoju strome primaoca i donatora (DRI), ali je DRI bio histološki uočljiv. Takođe, uočena je i retrokornealna membrana u dva oka. U grupi podvrgnutoj endotelnoj keratoplastici bez svlačenja Descemetove membrane (DM), DM primaoca je bila intaktna, bez endotelnih ćelija, sa dobrom apozicijom kalema, bez zapaljenja ili fibroze, a retrokornealna membrana nije uočena. Zaključak. Ova studija pokazuje da nema razlike u stabilnosti kalema kod DSEK, u poređenju sa stabilnošću kalema kod nDSEK i na zečijim rožnjačama. Zarastanje rane kod oba postupka odvija se stvaranjem hipocelularnog ožiljka u obe eksperimentalne grupe

Sindrom Urets-Zavalia nastao posle duboke prednje lamelarne keratoplastike

Introduction. Urrets-Zavalia syndrome is an uncommon complication of the deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty in keratoconus. The manifestations of this syndrome are an irreversible mydriasis, iris atrophy and secondary glaucoma. Case report. Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty was done for keratoconus with a presumably healed corneal hydrops in a 21-year-old Caucasian man. The graft remained clear, but the surgery was complicated by a fixed, dilated pupil, patches of iris atrophy, ectropium of the iris pigment layer and glaukomflecken in the lens. Conclusion. Although safer than penetrating keratoplasty, the deep anterior lamellar corneal transplantation is not devoid of complications. Urrets-Zavalia syndrome can be avoided by not trying to secure an unhealed Descemet's membrane with air. Instead, a new Descemet's membrane transplanted within a penetrating graft is a safer choice.Uvod. Sindrom Urets-Zavalije je neuobičajena komplikacija posle operacije keratokonusa metodom duboke prednje lamelarne keratoplastike. Manifestacije ovog sindroma su trajna midrijaza, atrofija dužice i sekundarni glaukom. Prikaz bolesnika. Kod bolesnika starog 21 godinu, urađena je duboka prednja lamelarna keratoplastika sa keratokonusom i naizgled zaceljenim hidropsom rožnjače. Kalem je ostao providan, ali se operacija komplikovala trajnom midrijazom, poljima atrofije dužice, izvrnutim rubom pigmentnog sloja dužice i mrljastim zamućenjima ispod prednje kapsule sočiva (glaukomflecken). Zaključak. Mada bezbednija od perforativne keratoplastike, duboka prednja lamelarna transplantacija rožnjače nije bez komplikacija. Sindrom Urets-Zavalije može se izbeći ako se umesto zaptivanja otvora u Descemetovoj membrani pomoću vazduha, presadi nova Descemetova membrana zajedno sa kalemom, tehnikom perforativne keratoplastike

Katarakta, operacija oka, afakija i hromatska ekspresija slikara Jovana Bijelića

Background/Aim. Approaching art from the standpoint of optics and the artist's eye pathology can sometimes explain the shift of the spectral colors in the work of some artists with cataract and aphakia. This may not be obvious in the paintings of other artists with the same eye pathology. The aim of this study was to create a timeline from the recently obtained details of the cataract surgery, his best corrected aphakic visual acuity, and the last paintings of the artist Jovan Bijelić. Methods. The research included primary and secondary source material: Bijelić's paintings from all stages of his career, interviews with Bijelić and his eye surgeon, art criticism, sources with the description of Bijelić's symptoms, hospital archives, discussion with art historians, comparison of his palette from different periods. Results. Jovan Bijelić was nearly blind from cataract in 1957. He underwent an unsuccessful cataract surgery in 1956, followed by enucleation of the operated eye. In 1958, 20/25-20/20 vision was regained, after the extracapsular cataract extraction and sector iridectomy in his right eye, with the posterior lens capsule discision afterwards. Xanthopsia and cyanopsia are not present in his art, which is not a representation of visualized objects. Conclusion. The response of Jovan Bijelić to cataract and aphakia was predominantly a change of his style.Uvod/Cilj. Pristup umetnosti sa stanovišta optike i patologije umetnikovog oka može ponekad da objasni skretanje spektralnih boja u radovima nekih slikara sa kataraktom i afakijom. Kod drugih umetnika sa istom patologijom ove promene ne moraju biti očigledne. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se istraži odgovor slikara Jovana Bijelića na kataraktu i afakiju upoređivanjem novih podataka o njegovoj katarakti, operaciji i najbolje korigovanoj afaknoj oštrini vida sa slikama nastalim u tom periodu. Metode. Podaci su prikupljeni pretraživanjem primarnih i sekundarnih izvora: Bijelićevih slika iz svih perioda njegovog rada, novinskih članaka i intervjua sa Bijelićem i njegovim hirurgom, umetničkim kritikama, izvorima sa opisima Bijelićevih simptoma, arhivima klinika, razgovorima sa istoričarem umetnosti i slikarem. Rezultati. Jovan Bijelić je bio gotovo slep 1957. Jedno oko mu je bilo neuspešno operisano od katarakte 1956, a kasnije i enukleisano. Posle ekstrakapsularne ekstrakcije sa iridektomijom i kasnijom discizijom kapsule, desnom oku je dve godine kasnije vraćena odlična oštrina vida od 0.9-1.0. Ksantopsija i cijanopsija nisu prisutne u Bijlićevom slikarstvu jer on nije prikazivao posmatrane, već imaginarne predmete, često menjajući stil. Zaključak. Odgovor slikara Jovana Bijelića na kataraktu i afakiju prevashodno se manifestovao u promeni stila

Residual monomer content determination in some acrylic denture base materials and possibilities of its reduction

Background/Aim. Polymethyl methacrylate is used for producing a denture basis. It is a material made by the polymerization process of methyl methacrylate. Despite of the polymerization type, there is a certain amount of free methyl methacrylate (residual monomer) incorporated in the denture, which can cause irritation of the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of residual monomer in four different denture base acrylic resins by liquid chromatography and the possibility of its reduction. Methods. After the polymerization, a postpolymerization treatment was performed in three different ways: in boiling water for thirty minutes, with 500 W microwaves for three minutes and in steam bath at 22º C for one to thirty days. Results. The obtained results showed that the amount of residual monomer is significantly higher in cold polymerizing acrylates (9.1-11%). The amount of residual monomer after hot polymerization was in the tolerance range (0.59- 0.86%). Conclusion. The obtained results denote a low content of residual monomer in the samples which have undergone postpolymerization treatment. A lower percent of residual monomer is established in samples undergone a hot polymerization

Estimation of fractal representation of wind speed fluctuation by artificial neural network with different training algorothms

Since the wind speed fluctuation could cause large instability in wind energy systems it is crucial to develop a method for precise estimation of the wind speed fluctuation. Fractal interpolation of the wind speed could be used to improve the accuracy of the estimation of the wind speed fluctuation. Based on the self-similarity feature, the fractal interpolation could be established from internal to external interval. In this article fractal interpolation was used to improve the wind speed fluctuation estimation by soft computing methods. Artificial neural network (ANN) with different training algorithms were used in order to estimate the wind speed fluctuation based on the fractal interpolationThis is the peer-reviewed version of the article: Petković, D., Nikolić, V., Mitić, V.V., Kocić, L., 2017. Estimation of fractal representation of wind speed fluctuation by artificial neural network with different training algorothms. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 54, 172–176. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2017.01.007

Transformation of Synthetic Allicin: The Influence of Ultrasound, Microwaves, Different Solvents and Temperatures, and the Products Isolation

The transformation of the synthesized allicin, using conventional method, the influence of ultrasound and microwaves, in different organic solvents (acetonitrile, acetone, methanol, and chloroform), at various temperatures (room temperature, 45°C, and 55°C) was investigated. Allicin degradation kinetic was monitored by HPLC. Allicin transformation under the effect of microwaves is faster than transformations performed under the influence of ultrasound or by conventional method. Increase of the temperature accelerates allicin transformation. Pharmacologically active compounds of (E)-ajoene, (Z)-ajoene, 3-vinyl-4H-1,2-dithiin, 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin, and diallyl disulfide were isolated from the mixture of transformation products of allicin under the influence of microwaves in methanol at 55°C, which is according to kinetic parameters (highest values of the order of reaction and the lowest activation energy) the optimal method

Neuromarketing unmasked: a review of current state in the field [Neuromarketing razotkriven - pregled trenutnog stanja u području]

Neuromarketing showed up as a new interdisciplinary field that bridges neuroscience and marketing. A relatively young field that was born within the “neuroculture” matrix is covered with a veil of mystery and often misrepresented in the media as a powerful tool used by corporations to manipulate consumers’ preferences, purchasing behavior, etc. In this paper, we have done an extensive literature review in order to put light on some dilemmas and take off the veil of mystery that surrounds neuromarketing. Firstly, (i) we discussed the definition and context in which neuromarketing emerged, (ii) important brain areas in consumer neuroscience which find their application in neuromarketing research, (iii) techniques used in neuromarketing (neuroimaging and nonneuroimaging), (iv) ethical issues in the field of neuromarketing (a part of neuroethics), and (v) limitations and recommendations for future development of neuromarketing

What makes millennials blow the whistle? From cultural to socio-psychological perspectives on whistleblowers

Whistleblowing cases that shook intelligence community in the last decade have something in common. Edward Snowden, Bradley Manning, and Reality Winner are all members of a single generation – Millennials. We challenge the viewpoint that depicts this generation as а potential “insider threat.” Millennials do have certain psychological traits and attitudes that can be related to tendencies towards whistleblowing, but these findings still do not approve the rhetoric that creates distrust towards the generation. This paper proposes a shift from the cultural to the socio-psychological level of analysis, with respect to both cultural and individual characteristics of whistleblowers, but puts more emphasis on the social dimension. In comprehending recent cases of leaking classified information, it is not enough to reduce explanation to some individual personality traits or hide behind an abstraction, such as the concept of generation. To shed more light on the issue, we introduce the concept of the imagined community, such as the open source community, promoting free Internet and transparency of information and knowledge. Therefore, mental membership in an imagined community might be more decisive for blowing the whistle than the global set of values related to the whole generation of Millennials