Comparison of anti-Aspergillus activity of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil and commercial biocide based on silver ions and hydrogen peroxide

The antifungal activities of Origanum vulgare essential oil (EO) and of a biocide based on silver and hydrogen peroxide (Sanosil S003) against seven Aspergillus species isolated from different substrata (stone, brick, silk and paper) of cultural heritage objects in Serbia were evaluated. Microdilution, agar dilution and microatmosphere methods were used to determine minimal fungistatic and minimal fungicidal concentrations (MIC and MFC), and light microscopy to determine structural abnormalities. MIC and MFC values for O. vulgare EO ranged from 0.2 to 5 mg mL−1 and for Sanosil S003 from 5 to 250 mg mL−1. Aspergillus sp. sect. fumigati was the most susceptible isolate, where MIC and MFC values were achieved at 0.5 mg mL−1 for O. vulgare EO, while MIC and MFC values for Sanosil S003 were achieved at 5 and 10 mg mL−1, respectively. Morpho-physiological changes were documented in all isolates, including lack of sporulation, depigmentation of conidiogenous apparatus and conidia, and presence of aberrant fungal structures. O. vulgare EO exhibited stronger anti-Aspergillus activity than Sanosil S003, as demonstrated by the higher MIC and MFC values and fewer morpho-physiological changes observed in the tested Sanosil S003 concentrations. O. vulgare EO could be an excellent alternative to commercial biocides, with high potential in the field of cultural heritage conservation

Mold attack on frescoes and stone walls of Gradac monastery

Microfungi can colonize stone surfaces and form sub-aerial biofilms which can lead to biodeterioration of historic monuments. In this investigation samples for mycological analyses were collected from stone material with visible alteration on stone walls of Gradac monastery exterior. The prevailing fungi found on stone walls were dematiaceous hyphomycetes with melanized hyphae and reproductive structures (Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium and Epicoccum species). The frescoes inside the monastery building were also analyzed for the presence of mycobiota. The predominant fungi found on frescoes were osmophilic species from genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. The significant result is identification of human pathogen species Aspergillus fumigatus on frescoes

The effect of Nepeta rtanjensis essential oil on test micromycetes mycelia growth

The antifungal activity of Nepeta rtanjensis Diklić et Milojević essential oil on mycelia growth has been performed by macrodilution method. The most efficient impact of N. rtanjensis essential oil on mycelia growth in vitro was found in Alternaria species with the same value of minimal inhibitory quantity (MIQ) of 0.6 μl/ml. Bipolaris spicifera and Cladosporium cladosporoioides had MIQ values of 1.0 μl/ml whereas Trichoderma viride with MIQ value of 1.6 μl/ml showed the most efficient defense against the essential oil examined. The values of minimal fungicidal quantity (MFQ) in Alternaria sp. 2, B. spicifera and C. cladosporioides match the MIQ values whereas MFQ values in Alternaria sp. 1 is 0.8 μl/ml, and in T. viride 1.8 μl/ml.Makrodilucionom metodom testiran je uticaj etarskog ulja endemične biljke Nepeta rtanjensis (Lamiaceae) na micelijalni rast mikromiceta: Alternaria sp. 1, Alternaria sp. 2, Bipolaris spicifera, Cladosporium cladosporioides i Trichoderma viride. Hemijska analiza etarskog ulja N. rtanjensis pokazala je apsolutnu dominaciju 4aα, 7α, 7aβ nepetalaktona (79.89%). Najefikasniji uticaj na rast micelije in vitro zabeležen je kod vrsta roda Alternaria sa istom vrednošću minimalne inhibitorne količine (MIK) od 0.6 μl/ml. Bipolaris spicifera i Cladosporium cladosporioides su imali MIK 1.0 μl/ml, dok je Trichoderma viride, sa vrednošću MIK od 1.6 μl/ml, pokazala najveću otpornost na dejstvo ispitivanog ulja. Vrednosti minimalne fungicidne količine (MFK) se kod Alternaria sp. 2 (0.6 μl/ml), B. spicifera (1.0 μl/ml) i C. cladosporioides (1.0 μl/ml) poklapaju sa vrednostima MIK, dok je kod Alternaria sp. 1 MFK 0.8 μl/ml, a kod T. viride 1.8 μl/ml. Etarsko ulje N. rtanjensis pokazalo je jako antifungalno dejstvo na rast micelije testiranih mikromiceta.nul

Toxigenic and pathogenic fungi in Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus Berk., 1769) from natural populations in semiagricultural habitats

In this study, the presence of toxigenic and pathogenic fungi was detected in individuals of natural populations of Norway rats from semiagricultural habitats. The presence of fungi was noted in 19 out of 30 (63%) individuals examined. Six fungal species were isolated and identified, of which majority belonged to Hyphomycetes (Deuteromycotina) and Mucor racemosus from Zygomycotina. All of detected species are of public health importance and some of them might influence animals health.U ovom radu su prikazana istraživanja prisustva toksigenih i patogenih gljiva u jedinkama sivog pacova (Rattus norvegicus Berk., 1769) iz prirodnih populacija sa polupoljoprivrednih staništa (Omoljica, Kovin, Leštane, Ovča). Detekcija prisustva gljiva u biološkom materijalu (bris kože nosne šupljine i homogenat pluća) je vršena na selektivnoj Sabouraud Maltose Agar (SMA) podlozi. Istraživanje je pokazalo prisustvo šest vrsta gljiva od kojih pet pripada klasi Hyphomyceta (Deuteromycotina), a Mucor racemosus klasi Zygomycotina. Vrste roda Aspergillus su detektovane u homogenatima pluća šest jedinki, a Penicillium kod pet jedinki. Paecilomyces varioti je izolovan iz tkiva šest jedinki sivog pacova. Brisevi kože nosne šupljine su dali pozitivne rezultate u 15 (50%) od 30 jedinki (četiri pozitivna za Aspergillus, četiri za Penicillium, šest za Paecilomyces varioti i jedna za Mucor racemosus). Međutim, u samo 9 slučajeva zabeleženo je poklapanje prisustva gljiva u koži nosne šupljine i pluća. Nalazi koji pokazuju prisustvo patogena, izazivača teških gljivičnih oboljenja, ukazuju na sivog pacova kao na potencijalni rezervoar ovih agenasa. Dobijeni podaci predstavljaju, prema našem saznanju, prve podatke o prisustvu gljiva kod pacova iz prirodne sredine zabeležene kod nas.Projekat ministarstva br. 14303

The effect of Nepeta rtanjensis essential oil on test micromycetes mycelia growth

The antifungal activity of Nepeta rtanjensis Diklić et Milojević essential oil on mycelia growth has been performed by macrodilution method. The most efficient impact of N. rtanjensis essential oil on mycelia growth in vitro was found in Alternaria species with the same value of minimal inhibitory quantity (MIQ) of 0.6 μl/ml. Bipolaris spicifera and Cladosporium cladosporoioides had MIQ values of 1.0 μl/ml whereas Trichoderma viride with MIQ value of 1.6 μl/ml showed the most efficient defense against the essential oil examined. The values of minimal fungicidal quantity (MFQ) in Alternaria sp. 2, B. spicifera and C. cladosporioides match the MIQ values whereas MFQ values in Alternaria sp. 1 is 0.8 μl/ml, and in T. viride 1.8 μl/ml.Makrodilucionom metodom testiran je uticaj etarskog ulja endemične biljke Nepeta rtanjensis (Lamiaceae) na micelijalni rast mikromiceta: Alternaria sp. 1, Alternaria sp. 2, Bipolaris spicifera, Cladosporium cladosporioides i Trichoderma viride. Hemijska analiza etarskog ulja N. rtanjensis pokazala je apsolutnu dominaciju 4aα, 7α, 7aβ nepetalaktona (79.89%). Najefikasniji uticaj na rast micelije in vitro zabeležen je kod vrsta roda Alternaria sa istom vrednošću minimalne inhibitorne količine (MIK) od 0.6 μl/ml. Bipolaris spicifera i Cladosporium cladosporioides su imali MIK 1.0 μl/ml, dok je Trichoderma viride, sa vrednošću MIK od 1.6 μl/ml, pokazala najveću otpornost na dejstvo ispitivanog ulja. Vrednosti minimalne fungicidne količine (MFK) se kod Alternaria sp. 2 (0.6 μl/ml), B. spicifera (1.0 μl/ml) i C. cladosporioides (1.0 μl/ml) poklapaju sa vrednostima MIK, dok je kod Alternaria sp. 1 MFK 0.8 μl/ml, a kod T. viride 1.8 μl/ml. Etarsko ulje N. rtanjensis pokazalo je jako antifungalno dejstvo na rast micelije testiranih mikromiceta.nul

Morpho-physiological characteristics and interactions of isolates of Mycogone perniciosa (Magnus) Delacr

Mycogone perniciosa (Magnus) Delacr., which causes wet bubble disease of Agaricus bisporus Lange (Imb), results in a considerable crop loss on mushroom farms in Serbia. The isolation and identification of five isolates of M. perniciosa from diseased fruit bodies of white button mushroom from mushroom units in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Holland were made. Morpho-physiological characteristics and inter-relationships of the obtained isolates were studied. Macroscopic and microscopic investigations of different zones between colonies of the isolates of M. perniciosa revealed the phenomenon of the hyphal interference between different isolates. The obtained results suggest that hyphal interference could serve as an additional parameter for a more reliable determination of fungal specifity.Mycogone perniciosa (Magnus) Delacr., izazivač oboljenja mokre truleži najčešći je uzročnik gubitaka u gajilištima Agaricus bisporus Lange (Imb) u Srbiji. Izvršena je izolacija i identifikacija 5 izolata M. perniciosa sa obolelih plodonosnih tela šampinjona iz gajilišta u Srbiji, Bosni i Hercegovini i Holandiji. Ispitivane su morfo-fiziološke karakteristike kao i stepen srodnosti proučavanih izolata na osnovu analize međusobnog delovanja kolonija, odnosno korišćenjem fenomena hifalne interferencije. Makroskopska i mikroskopska istraživanja odnosa izolata i dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da hifalna interferencija može predstavljati dodatni parametar u razlikovanju izolata M. perniciosa. Izolati dobijeni iz gajilišta u Srbiji slični su međusobno, kao i izolati iz Holandije koji su pokazali međusobnu sličnost ali se razlikuju od prethodnih. Izolati iz Bosne i Hercegovine razlikovali su se i od srpskih i od holandskih.Projekat ministarstva br. 14304

Supplementary material for the article: Ilić, B.; Dimkić, I.; Unković, N.; Grbić, M. L.; Vukojević, J.; Vujisić, L.; Tešević, V.; Stanković, S.; Makarov, S.; Lučić, L. Millipedes vs. Pathogens: Defensive Secretions of Some Julids (Diplopoda: Julida) as Potential Antimicrobial Agents. Journal of Applied Entomology 2018, 142 (8), 775–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12526

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12526]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2198

Morpho-physiological characteristics and interactions of isolates of Mycogone perniciosa (Magnus) Delacr

Mycogone perniciosa (Magnus) Delacr., which causes wet bubble disease of Agaricus bisporus Lange (Imb), results in a considerable crop loss on mushroom farms in Serbia. The isolation and identification of five isolates of M. perniciosa from diseased fruit bodies of white button mushroom from mushroom units in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Holland were made. Morpho-physiological characteristics and inter-relationships of the obtained isolates were studied. Macroscopic and microscopic investigations of different zones between colonies of the isolates of M. perniciosa revealed the phenomenon of the hyphal interference between different isolates. The obtained results suggest that hyphal interference could serve as an additional parameter for a more reliable determination of fungal specifity.Mycogone perniciosa (Magnus) Delacr., izazivač oboljenja mokre truleži najčešći je uzročnik gubitaka u gajilištima Agaricus bisporus Lange (Imb) u Srbiji. Izvršena je izolacija i identifikacija 5 izolata M. perniciosa sa obolelih plodonosnih tela šampinjona iz gajilišta u Srbiji, Bosni i Hercegovini i Holandiji. Ispitivane su morfo-fiziološke karakteristike kao i stepen srodnosti proučavanih izolata na osnovu analize međusobnog delovanja kolonija, odnosno korišćenjem fenomena hifalne interferencije. Makroskopska i mikroskopska istraživanja odnosa izolata i dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da hifalna interferencija može predstavljati dodatni parametar u razlikovanju izolata M. perniciosa. Izolati dobijeni iz gajilišta u Srbiji slični su međusobno, kao i izolati iz Holandije koji su pokazali međusobnu sličnost ali se razlikuju od prethodnih. Izolati iz Bosne i Hercegovine razlikovali su se i od srpskih i od holandskih.Projekat ministarstva br. 14304

Supplementary material for the article: Ilić, B.; Dimkić, I.; Unković, N.; Grbić, M. L.; Vukojević, J.; Vujisić, L.; Tešević, V.; Stanković, S.; Makarov, S.; Lučić, L. Millipedes vs. Pathogens: Defensive Secretions of Some Julids (Diplopoda: Julida) as Potential Antimicrobial Agents. Journal of Applied Entomology 2018, 142 (8), 775–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12526

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12526]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2198

Supplementary data for the article: Ljaljević Grbić, M.; Unković, N.; Dimkić, I.; Janaćković, P.; Gavrilović, M.; Stanojević, O.; Stupar, M.; Vujisić, L.; Jelikić, A.; Stanković, S.; et al. Frankincense and Myrrh Essential Oils and Burn Incense Fume against Micro-Inhabitants of Sacral Ambients. Wisdom of the Ancients? Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2018, 219, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.003

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.003]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2158