Winning of inhomogeneous bad for curves

We prove the absolute winning property of weighted simultaneous inhomogeneous badly approximable vectors on non-degenerate analytic curves. This answers a question by Beresnevich, Nesharim, and Yang. In particular, our result is an inhomogeneous version of the main result in \cite{BNY22} by Beresnevich, Nesharim, and Yang. Also, the generality of the inhomogeneous part that we considered extends the previous result in \cite{ABV}. Moreover, our results even contribute to classical results, namely establishing the inhomogeneous Schmidt's conjecture in arbitrary dimensions

Novel Microfiber Sensor and Its Biosensing Application for Detection of hCG Based on a Singlemode-Tapered Hollow Core-Singlemode Fiber Structure

A novel microfiber sensor is proposed and demonstrated based on a singlemode-tapered hollow core -singlemode (STHS) fiber structure. Experimentally a STHS with taper waist diameter of 26.5 μm has been fabricated and RI sensitivity of 816, 1601.86, and 4775.5 nm/RIU has been achieved with RI ranges from 1.3335 to 1.3395 , from 1.369 to 1.378, and from 1.409 to 1.4175 respectively, which agrees very well with simulated RI sensitivity of 885, 1517, and 4540 nm/RIU at RI ranges from 1.3335 to 1.337, from 1.37 to 1.374, and from 1.41 to 1.414 . The taper waist diameter has impact on both temperature and strain sensitivity of the sensor structure: (1) the smaller the waist diameter, the higher the temperature sensitivity, and experimentally 26.82 pm/°C has been achieved with a taper waist diameter of 21.4 μm; (2) as waist diameter decrease, strain sensitivity increase and 7.62 pm/με has been achieved with a taper diameter of 20.3 μm. The developed sensor was then functionalized for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) detection as an example for biosensing application. Experimentally for hCG concentration of 5 mIU/ml, the sensor has 0.5 nm wavelength shift, equivalent to limit of detection (LOD) of 0.6 mIU/ml by defining 3 times of the wavelength variation (0.06 nm) as measurement limit. The biosensor demonstrated relatively good reproducibility and specificity, which has potential for real medical diagnostics and other applications

Nonuniform Microwave Photonic Delay-Line Filter For Optical Sensor Network Interrogation

We propose a new design of nonuniform spaced microwave photonic delay-line filter based generic optical fiber sensors interrogation platform. Both the amplitude and phase response of the microwave filter are used to demodulate optical sensors. Therefore, a large sensor network with different types of optical sensors can be interrogated simultaneously. The concept of this new microwave photonics enabled interrogation approach is presented and verified by simulations where four different types of optical sensors are simultaneously interrogated via inverse Fourier transform of filter frequency response

Comprehensive assessment model on accident situations of the construction industry in China: a macro-level perspective

As one of the most high-risk sections, the construction industry has traditionally been the research hotspot. Yet little attention has been paid to macro-level accident situations of the entire industry. Therefore, this study develops a comprehensive assessment model on accident situations of Chinese building industry, aiming at assisting the government to better understand and improve accident situations of the entire industry. Based on China conditions, six indicators related to accident situations are firstly selected to establish an indicator system; then structure entropy weight method is proposed to determine indicator weighs, with dynamic classification method to explore the characteristics of accident situations. The results demonstrate that the provinces with poor accident situations account for 53% of all provinces, and they are mainly distributed in the central and western regions of China where there exist the underdeveloped economy. Meanwhile, some provinces experience poor accident situations that could be out-of-control, especially for Hebei. Provinces in the southeastern and northeastern regions of China perform relatively well, but they still have much improvement room for accident situations. The findings validate the rationality of the developed model and can provide valuable insights of safety regulation strategies for the government from the macro-level perspective. First published online 17 December 201

Employing Higher Order Cladding Modes of Fiber Bragg Grating for Analysis of Refractive Index Change in Volume and at the Surface

In this work, a detailed study on volume and surface refractive index (RI) sensitivity of cladding modes for a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensor is presented. Surface RI sensitivity of the cladding mode of FBGs has been illustrated and quantified with the concept of add-layer sensitivity for the first time to the best of our knowledge. A detailed investigation of mode transition of higher-order cladding modes has been revisited and important characteristics of the cladding modes are observed which could open a new designing path of fabrication and innovative way of the use of this family of optical fiber grating-based sensors. The effect of “mode transition” of higher-order cladding modes, higher operating wavelength for respective cladding mode and “mode stretching” effects are combined together to achieve higher volume and surface RI sensitivity of cladding mode of FBG. It has been shown numerically that with proper designing, sub-nanometer (∼0.04 nm) attachment of target analyte could be recognized by cladding mode of FBG which is quite promising for application in optical fiber grating bio-sensors. This critical designing method of FBG based surface refractometer would be very helpful in case of the fabrication of highly sensitive sensors for distinct biochemical applications

Test Verification and Application of a Longitudinal Temperature Force Testing Method for Long Seamless Rails Using FBG Strain Sensor

In order to evaluate the health status of continuous welded rail accurately, a deduction on the FBG sensing principle has been made with regard to the temperature variation of test specimens under different constraint conditions. A long seamless rail testing solution and its on-site application are designed based on this deduction. According to the verification experiments of sensing principle inside, the effect of the reference temperature on the FBG temperature and strain sensitivity coefficient within −30°C~30°C is not higher than 0.05%; the maximum relative error of single point between the tested and theoretical results of test specimen under constrained condition is 3.2%; and the maximum relative error of slopes of fitted straight lines based on the tested and theoretical results within the entire test temperature range is 2.3%, verifying the deduced FBG sensing principle with regard to the test specimen under constrained condition. The maximum error of the longitudinal temperature force between the on-site tested results and calculated results in long seamless rails is only 6.1 kN, the corresponding rail temperature variation is 0.3°C, and the accumulated error is controllable within 5%