60 research outputs found
Monitorizarea unor parametri microbiologici și a compoziției algale în apele de suprafață ale unor emisari din Bazinul Dornelor
The objective of this study was to establish the microbiological and algal load of surface waters from the streams that
cross the Dorna’s Basin. In order to carry out this study, 10 sampling stations were established over four streams, the
study taking place during the period of two years, 2017 and 2018, between May and October. The samples were analyzed
in the laboratory using specific methods for each monitored indicator, observing the fluctuations which are determined
by the sampling location, weather phenomena, and the influence of anthropogenic factors that are relevant for the streams
that were studied. Therefore, microbiological parameters are strongly influenced by contamination with faeces from both
animals (wild and domestic), as well as from households, that are not connected to a centralized sewer system, especially
the ones which use septic tanks that are, in many cases, inappropriately built. All microbiological indicators showed
significant variations between sampling stations along the same stream, upstream the values recorded being much lower
than downstream. The samples that presented the lowest values, for all the evaluated parameters, were those collected
upstream of the Călimănel brook. The absence of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa indicator from all samples taken during
the study was recorded at two of the stations, Călimănel-sus (stream) and Secu-sus and the spores of sulfite-reducing
anaerobic bacteria (Clostridium) were not identified in the samples collected from Călimănel-sus station (stream). The
samples with the highest degree of contamination were those taken from Arinu-jos station and those from Călimănel-jos,
the anthropic influence being evident through the economic activities that were carried out. Similar values were obtained
following the analyzes performed for each type of algae, recording higher levels of parameters in the case of samples
taken from the Arini-jos station. The maximum values were recorded from the samples taken from the stations on the
Arinu rivulet in August 2018, after a torrential rain, when large quantities of organic substances were entrained. The main
conclusion obtained from the interpretation of the results is that the surface waters have a significant microbial load and
that it multiplies exponentially from the source to the collector
Monitorizarea unor parametri fizico-chimici pentru apele de suprafață ale unor emisari din Bazinul Dornelor
The objective of this study was to establish the quality of surface water from streams that cross the Dorna’s Basin,
following some defining physico-chemical indicators. In order to conduct this study, 10 sampling stations were
established over four streams, the study taking place for two years, 2017 and 2018, between the months of May and
October. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory using specific methods for each indicator monitored - temperature,
pH, oxidizable substances, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, hardness, anions and cations. The results obtained
varied depending on the sampling site, weather phenomena, as well as the geological structure of the mountain ranges
from which the streams -that were under study- spring. The conclusions of this study demonstrate that the targeted streams
have physico-chemical properties that are close to the standards imposed for natural mineral waters, the main geological
resource for the Dorna’s Basin, discovered and used for over 300 years. Thus, the anthropic activity represented mainly
by animal husbandry, mostly in an extensive-ecological system, does not have a negative effect on the quality of
watercourses in the area
Characterisation of the parasite load of river Bistrita tributaries, in Dornelor Basin, Romania
Dornelor Basin is
characterised by numerous high quality
water sources, which is proven by the fact
that the main mineral waters on the
Romanian market come from this area. The
study aimed to provide data on the
occurrence and human infective potential of
Giardia and Cryptosporidium, as the most
important water-borne parasites, from
Bistrița river tributaries of Dornelor basin,
North-Eastern Romania. Water samples were
collected from 10 tributaries of the Bistrita
river, from the level of sampling stations set
upstream and downstream from the
anthropic communities. The harvested water
samples were further processed using nonmolecular
methods in order to isolate
(oo)cysts. Subsequently, the isolated
Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo)ccyst were
molecularly characterized through PCR and
genomic sequencing, which led to the
identification of Giardia in order to identify
them at species level. The outcomes revealed
the fact that the waters of the emissaries
under study have a low parasite load and
that, upstream from the human settlements,
the water is highly pure when related to the
protozoa under study. The increased load of
Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp.
corresponded to important animal husbandry
activity. The obtained results underline a
potential public health risk
Prevalence of parasitical infestations in sheep from the Didactic Station of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of IaÅŸi, during 2003-2005
The parasitical cases were monitored in sheep
from the Experimental Didactic Station of the University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of IaÅŸi, during 2003-2005. Cestode
(Thysaniezia giardi), trematodes (Dicrocoelium lanceatum), nematode
(Trichostrongyloidea/Trichostrongylidae family, Dictyocaulida family;
Metastrongyloidea/Protostrongylidae family) and arthropods from
Arachnida classes (Acari subclass) and Insecta caused the parasitoses
diagnosed in that period. Every year, psoroptic scabies has affected sheep
during stable period, when the lowest temperatures of the season were
reached. Grazing after the prophylactic autumn disinfection developed a
trichostrongili population in the body of hosts, which was sufficient to
pollute grassland and perpetuate parasitosis. The interruption of biological
cycle by adult or one of the intermediary host systematic destroying has
resulted in the diminution of dicroceliosis incidenc
EFFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES IN BORRELIA BURGDORFERI INFESTATION IN DOGS
Borreliosis or Lyme disease is a disease transmitted by ixodidae ticks during feeding on blood (Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis in the USA, Ixodes persulcatus in Asia, Ixodes ricinus in Europe) and is widespread in the entire northern hemisphere. In Romania, the geographic distribution and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was 1.4% in 41 counties, with a prevalence between 0.75–18.8%. B. burgdorferi sensu lato. had a prevalence of 3.8%, being found inside ticks in 55 of 183 localities. Successful treatment and full recovery can only be achieved through early diagnosis. The clinical and serologic diagnosis of Lyme disease is particularly difficult because of the phenotypic heterogeneity within and among spirochete species. A case study is presented in this paper: an eight-year-old male Yorkshire terrier dog, which was diagnosed positive for Lyme disease, based on a test which uses a peptide called C6 and which comes from the VlsE protein of B. burgdorferi, used to detect antibodies in dogs. The results demonstrate the reliability of the commercial SNAP 4Dx Plus Test for B. burgdorferi, which uses C6 to differentiate antibodies produced by natural infection from antibodies formed after vaccination. In addition, using real-time PCR, the diagnosis was negative, confirming the results from the literature, according to which the PCR technique is only recommended for research, the positivity percentage being low, especially when the sample is blood (0.1%). We conclude that the tests for the detection of antibodies specific to Lyme disease are recommended and useful
Effective diagnostic techniques in Borrelia burgdorferi infestation in dogs
Borreliosis or Lyme disease is a disease transmitted by ixodidae ticks during feeding on blood (Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis in the USA, Ixodes persulcatus in Asia, Ixodes ricinus in Europe) and is widespread in the entire northern hemisphere. In Romania, the geographic distribution and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was 1.4% in 41 counties, with a prevalence between 0.75–18.8%. B. burgdorferi sensu lato. had a prevalence of 3.8%, being found inside ticks in 55 of 183 localities. Successful treatment and full recovery can only be achieved through early diagnosis. The clinical and serologic diagnosis of Lyme disease is particularly difficult because of the phenotypic heterogeneity within and among spirochete species. A case study is presented in this paper: an eight-year-old male Yorkshire terrier dog, which was diagnosed positive for Lyme disease, based on a test which uses a peptide called C6 and which comes from the VlsE protein of B. burgdorferi, used to detect antibodies in dogs. The results demonstrate the reliability of the commercial SNAP 4Dx Plus Test for B. burgdorferi, which uses C6 to differentiate antibodies produced by natural infection from antibodies formed after vaccination. In addition, using real-time PCR, the diagnosis was negative, confirming the results from the literature, according to which the PCR technique is only recommended for research, the positivity percentage being low, especially when the sample is blood (0.1%). We conclude that the tests for the detection of antibodies specific to Lyme disease are recommended and useful
Epidemiological risk of toxocarosis in humans and animals in Iași County
The increasing number of dogs is a determining factor in the occurrence of toxocarosis in humans, as they are the source
of environmental contamination with Toxocara sp. eggs. During a single year, 2018-2019, the number of stray dogs
increased from 0.068 to 0.0709 per capita. Contamination of dogs with Toxocara canis in the conditions of our country
has increased in recent years from 21.4% to 50.2% and is identified as the most common parasitosis in these animals. For
the study of Tococara spp. infection in dogs, the period 2017-2020 was considered, representing cases present at the
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi. Thus, more than 75% of infections are recorded in young dogs under one year old,
while 89% of them are males. The study on the prevalence of Toxocara canis cases at the Animal shelters in Tomești
showed a prevalence of Toxocara sp. of 60% of the total samples analysed; the study on toxocarosis in humans was carried
out during 2020, the information being provided by the Praxis medical tests laboratory. Result on the presence of specific
IgG antibodies to Toxocara canis/cati. It included a group of 95 cases during one year, of which 3, namely 3.25% were
under 3 years old and 14.8% were over 35 years old. Of the total samples, only 2 were positive in the male gender, which
represents 2.1% of the total samples. Fifteen cases were positive in females, representing 15.8% of all samples analysed.
Considering that we are talking about a parasite specific to dogs, the presence of such a large number of cases during a
single year reveals a very high load of Toxocara eggs in the environment, which raises an alarm about the distribution of
this parasite in nature and the high risk of human contamination
Toxoplasmosis-a disease with high epidemiological risk in humans and animals
Infections produced by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii are widespread in humans and animals. Due to its lack of host
specificity, this parasite is able to infect a large number of hosts as well as different cell types. Although toxoplasmosis
is the most reported parasitic zoonosis in Europe, the incidence of the disease in humans and the presence of the parasite
in animals, food and water is underestimated. If acquired as an acute infection during pregnancy, Toxoplasma gondii
infection can have serious adverse effects on mothers, foetuses and newborns. Latent toxoplasmosis also causes a variety
of pathologies and has been linked to serious adverse effects on pregnancy. The study was conducted over a 2-year period,
2019-2020, in the Parasitology Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi, following the prevalence of reported
cases of toxoplasmosis in cats. Thus, out of 33 tests worked, no case of toxoplasmosis was recorded in cats, all serological
tests being done upon request. During 2020, 226 AB. ANTI TOXOPLASMA GONDII- IgM (ELISA) tests were performed
in the Praxis laboratory, of which only 15 were positive. All positive tests were identified only in women, of which 10 in
the age category 25-34 years, 4 in the age category 35-44 years and 1 case in the age category 15-19 years. In the Praxis
laboratory during 2020, 220 more AB. ANTI TOXOPLASMA GONDII- IgG (ELISA) tests were performed, out of which
72 positive cases were identified, 5 being positive in males in the age categories 0-12 months, 1 year and 15-19 years,
and the remaining 67 were identified in women in the following age categories: 0-12 months, 15-19 years, 20-24 years,
25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years and 55-64 years. The lack of positive cases in animals during the 2-year study, but
the high number of positive cases in humans during a single year, shows the major public health importance of the study,
as this very serious disease in pregnant women and immunosuppressed people is under-diagnosed in veterinary medicine
- …