Superderivations for Modular Graded Lie Superalgebras of Cartan-type

Superderivations for the eight families of finite or infinite dimensional graded Lie superalgebras of Cartan-type over a field of characteristic $p>3$ are completely determined by a uniform approach: The infinite dimensional case is reduced to the finite dimensional case and the latter is further reduced to the restrictedness case, which proves to be far more manageable. In particular, the outer superderivation algebras of those Lie superalgebras are completely determined

Differences between physical and human process simulation in geography: Empirical analysis of two cases

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41125005;Chinese Academy of Sciences KACX1-YW-1001Physical geography and human geography are the principal branches of the geographical sciences. Physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography are both quantitative methods used to recover past events and even to forecast events based on precisely determined parameters. There are four differences between physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography, which we summarize with two specific cases, one of which is about a typhoon's development and its precipitation, and the other of which is regarding the evolution of three industrial structures in China. The differences focus on four aspects: the main factors of the research framework; the knowledge background of the systematic analysis framework; the simulation data sources and quantitative method; and the core of the study object and the method of forecast application. As the human-land relationship is the key ideology of the man-land system, the relationship between the physical and human factors is becoming increasingly close at present. Physical process simulation and human process simulation in geography will exhibit crossing and blending in the future to reflect the various geographical phenomena better

Highly sensitive and selective biosensor based on graphene oxide coated long period grating

We propose an optical fiber immunosensor based on graphene oxide coated dual-peak long period grating (GO-dLPG), in which GO-IgG linking layer is used for rapid immunoassays. The binding interaction between antibody and antigen produced a detectable optical signal in terms of grating resonant wavelength shift, which was proportional to the analyte concentration. By deposition of GO overlay, the bulk RI sensitivity of dLPG was enhanced around 150%. The GO-coated dLPG was biofunctionalized by the immobilization of IgG to generate the biosensor. The IgG-bound GO-dLPG was used to detect the anti-IgG and anti-PSA, respectively, demonstrating high sensitivity and selectivity. The GO-dLPG biosensor can be further developed as a biosensing platform with advantages of label-free, real-time and low limit of detection

Characterization of upstream sequences from the 8S globulin gene of Vigna radiata

Seeds rich in protein in nature, are ideal bioreactors for economic production and storage of valueadded recombinant proteins and enzymes for industries. The upstream region of the seed storage protein gene is able to provide an attractive promoter for seed-specific expression of heterologous genes. Our previous research showed that 8S globulin occupied the majority of total soluble protein stored in seeds of mung bean (Vigna radiata), a rich source of protein, indicating that the promoter of this gene could be a seed-specific promoter with high activity. To improve the expression of heterologous proteins in plants to act as a bioreactor, the putative seed-specific promoter of 8S globulin gene was characterized in this study. Hence, this potential promoter of beta subunit gene of 8S globulin (8SGb) was isolated by genome walking. Analysis with various promoter prediction softwares showed that the promoter sequence possessed many common motifs related to gene transcription in the seed (such as W-box, ABRE element, E-box, etc.). The putative promoter was subsequently cloned into the binary vector pBI121-GFP by replacing the CaMV 35S promoter. The resultant construct designated as pBI-8SGb-GFP was transformed to mung bean cotyledon mesophyll protoplasts. Reporter gene GFP was expressed high in cotyledon protoplasts, which was detected by confocal microscopy, demonstrating the specific activity of 8SGb promoter in driving gene expression. This study also proved that the 8SGb promoter is an efficient regulatory element for plant seeds to act as a bioreactor.Key words: Seed-specific, promoter, genome walking, Vigna radiata

Genetic enrichment of cardiomyocytes derived from mouse embryonic stem cells

Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESC) have the ability to differentiate into a variety of cell lineages in vitro, including cardiomyocytes. Successful applications of ESC-derived cardiomyocytes in cell therapy and tissue engineering were limited by difficulties in selecting the desired cells from the heterogeneous cell population. We describe a simple method to generate relatively pure cardiomyocytes from mouse ESCs. A construct comprising mouse cardiac α-myosin heavy chain (MHC) promoter driving the neomycin resistance gene and SV40 promoter driving the hygromycin resistant gene designated pMHCneo/ SV40-hygro, was stably transfected into mouse ESCs. The transgenic ESC line, designated MN6 retained the undifferentiated state and the potential of cardiogenic differentiation. After G418 selection, more than 99% of cells expressed α-sarcomeric actin. Immunocytological and ultrastructural analysis demonstrated that, the selected cardiomyocytes were highly differentiated. Our results represent a simple genetic manipulation used to product essentially pure cardiomyocytes from differentiating ESCs. It may facilitate the development of cell therapy in heart diseases.Key words: Embryonic stem cells, α-myosin heavy chain promoter, cardiomyocytes, differentiation, genetic enrichment

Effects of temperature on thick branes and the fermion (quasi-)localization

Following Campos's work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 141602 (2002)], we investigate the effects of temperature on flat, de Sitter (dS), and anti-de Following Campos's work [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{88}, 141602 (2002)], we investigate the effects of temperature on flat, de Sitter (dS), and anti-de Sitter (AdS) thick branes in five-dimensional (5D) warped spacetime, and on the fermion (quasi-)localization. First, in the case of flat brane, when the critical temperature reaches, the solution of the background scalar field and the warp factor is not unique. So the thickness of the flat thick brane is uncertain at the critical value of the temperature parameter, which is found to be lower than the one in flat 5D spacetime. The mass spectra of the fermion Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes are continuous, and there is a series of fermion resonances. The number and lifetime of the resonances are finite and increase with the temperature parameter, but the mass of the resonances decreases with the temperature parameter. Second, in the case of dS brane, we do not find such a critical value of the temperature parameter. The mass spectra of the fermion KK modes are also continuous, and there is a series of fermion resonances. The effects of temperature on resonance number, lifetime, and mass are the same with the case of flat brane. Last, in the case of AdS brane, {the critical value of the temperature parameter can less or greater than the one in the flat 5D spacetime.} The spectra of fermion KK modes are discrete, and the mass of fermion KK modes does not decrease monotonically with increasing temperature parameter.Comment: 24 pages, 15 figures, published versio

Constructing a robust protein-protein interaction network by integrating multiple public databases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are a critical component for many underlying biological processes. A PPI network can provide insight into the mechanisms of these processes, as well as the relationships among different proteins and toxicants that are potentially involved in the processes. There are many PPI databases publicly available, each with a specific focus. The challenge is how to effectively combine their contents to generate a robust and biologically relevant PPI network.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this study, seven public PPI databases, BioGRID, DIP, HPRD, IntAct, MINT, REACTOME, and SPIKE, were used to explore a powerful approach to combine multiple PPI databases for an integrated PPI network. We developed a novel method called <it>k</it>-votes to create seven different integrated networks by using values of <it>k</it> ranging from 1-7. Functional modules were mined by using SCAN, a Structural Clustering Algorithm for Networks. Overall module qualities were evaluated for each integrated network using the following statistical and biological measures: (1) modularity, (2) similarity-based modularity, (3) clustering score, and (4) enrichment.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Each integrated human PPI network was constructed based on the number of votes (<it>k</it>) for a particular interaction from the committee of the original seven PPI databases. The performance of functional modules obtained by SCAN from each integrated network was evaluated. The optimal value for <it>k</it> was determined by the functional module analysis. Our results demonstrate that the <it>k</it>-votes method outperforms the traditional union approach in terms of both statistical significance and biological meaning. The best network is achieved at <it>k</it>=2, which is composed of interactions that are confirmed in at least two PPI databases. In contrast, the traditional union approach yields an integrated network that consists of all interactions of seven PPI databases, which might be subject to high false positives.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We determined that the k-votes method for constructing a robust PPI network by integrating multiple public databases outperforms previously reported approaches and that a value of k=2 provides the best results. The developed strategies for combining databases show promise in the advancement of network construction and modeling.</p

Partial forming method of the nc machining of the rotary burs

2004-2005 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Determination of trace amounts of gold(III) by cathodic stripping voltammetry using a bacteria-modified carbon paste electrode

A bacteria-modified carbon paste electrode has been prepared and used for the very sensitive and selective determination of trace amounts of gold(III). The modified electrode was able to detect a solution of 1.0 ppb Au(III) by applying cathodic stripping voltammetry. Advantages of the bacteria-modified electrode include high sensitivity, good stability, low cost and simple preparation. It could be a new class of modified electrode with practical value

Toxicity and accumulation of arsenic in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties of China. fyton 78

Toxicidad y acumulación de arsénico en variedades de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) en China Abstract. Soil arsenic contamination becomes a potential agricultural and environmental hazard worldwide, and has been a serious problem for safe food production. A field experiment on soil contamination was conducted on four wheat varieties ( Jimai, Gaoyou, Weimai and Wennong) in Eastern China, using 50 or 100 mg arsenic/kg soil. Biomass production and yield components were determined and arsenic concentrations were measured in plant tissues. Differential arsenic effects on wheat varieties were determined at maturity. Results showed that addition of arsenic significantly (p&lt;0.05) reduced root, stem and spike dry weight and yield components, which resulted in the decrease of grain yield per plant. Arsenic concentrations in plant tissues increased significantly (p&lt;0.05) with treatments, and its uptake varied considerably among wheat varieties, plant tissues and arsenic treatments. Arsenic concentrations in plant tissues were as follows: roots &gt; stems &gt; leaves and rachises &gt; grains &gt; glumes &gt; awns. In the arsenic treatments, arsenic concentrations in bran were about 2-3 times higher than those in flour. Most of the arsenic contaminated flour exceeded the Chinese tolerance limit. Arsenic contents of grain parts were dependent on variety and treatment level in polluted soils. Weimai and Wennong showed highest amounts of arsenic in flour than the other varieties at 50 or 100 mg/ kg soil treatment, respectively. Weimai possessed significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) amount of arsenic in bran than any other wheat variety. Results showed significant variety differences in arsenic concentration in polluted areas; it is of outstanding importance that wheat with the lowest possible arsenic concentration is used for food or fodder production. The present results provide scientific basis for revising the standards of wastewater discharges. Key words: Arsenic, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), biomass, yield components, arsenic toxicity. Resumen. La contaminación del suelo por arsénico es un peligro potencial agrícola y ambiental en el mundo, y ha habido serios problemas para una producción de alimentos saludable. Se condujo un experimento a campo sobre la contaminación del suelo con arsénico en cuatro variedades de trigo ( Jimai, Gaoyou, Weimai, Wennong) en China Oriental usando 50 ó 100 mg de arsénico/kg de suelo. Se determinaron la producción de biomasa y los componentes del rendimiento, y se midió la concentración de arsénico en tejidos vegetales. Los efectos del arsénico sobre las variedades de trigo se determinaron a la madurez del cultivo. Los resultados mostraron que la adición de arsénico redujo significativamente (p&lt;0,05) el peso seco de raíces, tallos y espigas, y los componentes del rendimiento, lo que determinó una disminución en el rendimiento de grano por planta. La concentración de arsénico en los tejidos vegetales se incrementó significativamente (p&lt;0,05) con los tratamientos, y su absorción varió considerablemente entre las variedades de trigo, tejidos vegetales y tratamientos de arsénico. La concentración de arsénico en los tejidos vegetales fue como sigue: raíces &gt; tallos &gt; hojas y raquis &gt; granos &gt; glumas &gt; aristas. En los tratamientos, las concentraciones de arsénico en salvado fueron 2-3 veces más altas que en la harina. La mayor parte de la harina contaminada por arsénico excedió el límite de tolerancia permitido en China. El contenido de arsénico de las partes del grano dependió de la variedad y el tratamiento en las áreas contaminadas. Weimai o Wennong mostraron mayores cantidades de arsénico en la harina que las otras variedades a 50 ó 100 mg de arsénico/kg de suelo, respectivamente. Weimai tuvo una menor (p&lt;0,05) cantidad de arsénico en el salvado que las otras variedades. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas entre las variedades en la concentración de arsénico en las áreas contaminadas; es de fundamental importancia que se utilice trigo con la menor concentración posible de arsénico en la producción de alimentos y forraje. Los resultados presentados proveen una base científica para revisar los estándares de la descarga de aguas residuales. Palabras clave: Arsénico, trigo (Triticum aestivum L.), biomasa, componentes del rendimiento, toxicidad con arsénico