Bias Analysis for Logistic Regression with a Misclassified Multi-categorical Exposure

In epidemiological studies, it is one common issue that the collected data may not be perfect due to technical and/or nancial di culties in reality. It is well known that ignoring such imperfections may lead to misleading inference results (e.g., fail to detect the actual association between two variables). Davidov et al.(2003) have studied asymptotic biases caused by misclassi cation in a binary exposure in a logistic regression context. The aim of this thesis is to extend the work of Davidov et al. to a multi-categorical scenario. I examine asymptotic biases on regression coe cients of a logistic regression model when the multicategorical exposure is subject to misclassi cation. The asymptotic results may provide insight guide for large scale studies when considering whether bias corrections would be necessary. To better understand the asymptotic results, I also conduct some numerical examples and simulation studies

Characterization of anaerobic biotransformation of β-hexachlorocyclohexane

Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) is a contaminant of concern worldwide. HCH has four main isomers α, β, δ, and γ-HCH. Since only γ-HCH (Lindane) has a specific pesticide activity, the purification of Lindane resulted in the production of other waste residues. β-HCH is the most persistent one, has relatively low water solubility and is considered highly carcinogenic and health hazardous. A large amount of β-HCH produced as a by-product which was dumped at landfill sites has caused heavy contamination in soil, groundwater, and atmosphere. In this study, we focused on the anaerobic degradation of β-HCH. Thus far, only one anaerobic, Dehalobacter sp. containing, a culture was reported in the literature. Contaminated soil was collected from a highly contaminated site in China and anaerobic microcosms were set up to enrich β-HCH degrading microorganisms. The degradation potential was evaluated by measuring the concentration of the products benzene and mono chlorobenzene (MCB). At the same time, cell growth was monitored by fluorescent microscopy. Illumina sequencing was done for the first and second generation and bacteria belonging to the Firmicutes, including Dehalobacter, Gelria, and Gracilibacter, were dominant. Additionally, the genomic DNA from an active, fourth generation, the β-HCH degrading culture was isolated and a 16s-rRNA clone library was prepared for subsequent sequencing to analyze the overall microbial diversity. Furthermore, compound-specific carbon stable isotope analysis (CSIA) will be applied to investigate the transformation pathway

Efficacy and Safety of Clearing Heat and Detoxifying Injection in the Treatment of Influenza: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CHDI in the treatment of influenza infection. Method. A randomized double-blind, double dummy trial was conducted. Influenza patients with a positive influenza A rapid test diagnosis were randomized to receive CHDI or oseltamivir. Primary outcome was assessed by the median fever alleviation time and clearance time, and secondary outcome was total scores of influenza symptoms. Results. One hundred thirty-nine participants were screened and 34 had a RT-PCR laboratory confirmation of influenza virus infection. Fever alleviation time was 2.5 and 5 hours in CHDI and oseltamivir, respectively, and fever clearance time was 32.5 and 49 hours. The HR of fever alleviation and clearance time shows no significant difference between two groups. Total scores of influenza symptoms descended significantly in both groups after treatment and descended more in CHDI than oseltamivir on day 2. Similar to total symptoms severity score, fever severity score descend more significantly in CHDI than oseltamivir on day 2, and there were no differences on other symptoms. Conclusions. CHDI have a similar effect to oseltamivir in reducing the duration of influenza illness. CHDI was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events noted during the study period

RIDERS: Radar-Infrared Depth Estimation for Robust Sensing

Dense depth recovery is crucial in autonomous driving, serving as a foundational element for obstacle avoidance, 3D object detection, and local path planning. Adverse weather conditions, including haze, dust, rain, snow, and darkness, introduce significant challenges to accurate dense depth estimation, thereby posing substantial safety risks in autonomous driving. These challenges are particularly pronounced for traditional depth estimation methods that rely on short electromagnetic wave sensors, such as visible spectrum cameras and near-infrared LiDAR, due to their susceptibility to diffraction noise and occlusion in such environments. To fundamentally overcome this issue, we present a novel approach for robust metric depth estimation by fusing a millimeter-wave Radar and a monocular infrared thermal camera, which are capable of penetrating atmospheric particles and unaffected by lighting conditions. Our proposed Radar-Infrared fusion method achieves highly accurate and finely detailed dense depth estimation through three stages, including monocular depth prediction with global scale alignment, quasi-dense Radar augmentation by learning Radar-pixels correspondences, and local scale refinement of dense depth using a scale map learner. Our method achieves exceptional visual quality and accurate metric estimation by addressing the challenges of ambiguity and misalignment that arise from directly fusing multi-modal long-wave features. We evaluate the performance of our approach on the NTU4DRadLM dataset and our self-collected challenging ZJU-Multispectrum dataset. Especially noteworthy is the unprecedented robustness demonstrated by our proposed method in smoky scenarios. Our code will be released at \url{https://github.com/MMOCKING/RIDERS}.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figure

SEKOLAH SEPAKBOLA USIA MUDA DI BANDA ACEH

Sepakbola merupakan olahraga yang sangat populer dan digemari di dunia, begitu juga di Indonesia. Tak heran jika hampir semua negara di dunia berlomba-lomba menggalang prestasi membanggakan di cabang olahraga ini. Indonesia belum mampu meraih prestasi yang membanggakan di cabang olahraga sepakbola, bahkan Indonesia sulit bersaing di kancah Internasional. Klub-klub sepakbola Aceh juga tidak dapat berbuat banyak di kompetisi internal, sedangkan Aceh merupakan salah satu provinsi yang banyak memunculkan pemain muda berbakat.Kualitas persepakbolaan di Indonesia yang rendah dan minim prestasi ini dikarenakan kurang pembinaan dan pelatihan pemain mulai dari usia dini untuk didik menjadi pemain profesional. Sarana pelatihan yang ada di Indonesia belum serius ke arah profesional seperti akademi sepakbola di Eropa. Di negara-negara maju dalam sepakbola, prestasi tim nasional pada umumnya dilatarbelakangi oleh sistem dan proses pembinaan klub yang sudah mapan.Sekolah sepakbola usia muda di Banda Aceh merupakan sebuah sarana pelatihan dan pembinaan sepakbola pemain usia dini di Banda Aceh. Pemain tersebut akan dididik, dilatih dan dibina sejak dini sebagai usaha pembibitan pemain sepakbola Aceh yang potensial. Sekolah sepakbola ini berlokasi di Lhong Raya, sesuai dengan rencana pengembangan kawasan pusat olahraga di Banda Aceh. Dengan mengusung tema arsitektur metafora, diharapkan bangunan sekolah sepakbola ini dapat menjadi objek arsitektur yang melekat di masyarakat.Tahap awal dalam proses perancangan Sekolah Sepakbola Usia Muda di Banda Aceh ini adalah studi literatur data dan studi banding. Selanjutnya permasalahan yang ada diidentifikasi dan dianalisis sesuai dengan batasan perancangan. Dalam lingkup batasan tema arsitektur metafora dan kondisi iklim setempat selanjutnya melahirkan konsep perancangan sesuai dengan hasil analisis.Kata kunci: olahraga, sekolah, sepakbolaBanda Ace

Detection of rubidium and samarium in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter MASCARA-4b

Ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) possess the most extreme environments among various types of exoplanets, making them ideal laboratories to study the chemical composition and kinetics properties of exoplanet atmosphere with high-resolution spectroscopy (HRS). It has the advantage of resolving the tiny Doppler shift and weak signal from exoplanet atmosphere and has helped to detect dozens of heavy elements in UHJs including KELT-9b, WASP-76b, WASP-121b. MASCARA-4b is a 2.8-day UHJ with an equilibrium temperature of $\sim2250$ K, which is expected to contain heavy elements detectable with VLT. In this letter, we present a survey of atoms/ions in the atmosphere of the MASCARA-4b, using the two VLT/ESPRESSO transits data. Cross-correlation analyses are performed on the obtained transmission spectra at each exposure with the template spectra generated by petitRADTRANS for atoms/ions from element Li to U. We confirm the previous detection of Mg, Ca, Cr and Fe and report the detection of Rb, Sm, Ti+ and Ba+ with peak signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) $>$ 5. We report a tentative detection of Sc+, with peak SNRs $\sim$6 but deviating from the estimated position. The most interesting discovery is the first-time detection of elements Rb and Sm in an exoplanet. Rb is an alkaline element like Na and K, while Sm is the first lanthanide series element and is by far the heaviest one detected in exoplanets. Detailed modeling and acquiring more data are required to yield abundance ratios of the heavy elements and to understand better the common presence of them in UHJ's atmospheres.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, Accepted to A

Computer Simulation of PAN/PVP Blends Compatibility and Preparation of Aligned PAN Porous Nanofibers via Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electrospinning PAN/PVP Blends

Binary blend compatibility of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was computationally simulated at both molecular and mesoscopic levels in order to provide theoretical support for preparing PAN porous nanofibers from PAN/PVP blends. In molecular simulation, Flory-Huggins interaction parameters were calculated to estimate the blend compatibility, in which PAN and PVP were found to be immiscible. This had been further validated by the mesoscopic simulation in terms of the free energy density，the order parameters, and the mesoscopic morphology. Aligned PAN porous nanofibers were prepared by selectively removing PVP from the PAN/PVP blend nanofibers which was prepared by Magnetic-field-assisted electrospinning (MFAES).</p