A Case Study on the Influence of Ideology in Chinese-English Translation during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games

This study adopts translation model theory to analyze data from authorities responsible for Chinese-to-English translation of Beijing Olympics-related documents. By examining the translation process and investigating the supretextual and textual parameters influencing translators, the current paper aims at revealing the ideological influences on the translation practice. The adaptation translation strategies are employed in the translation of Olympic texts, but under one premise: the most conveyance of the ideological intentions in the source text. Key words: Translation model; Translation process; Ideology; Supretextual parameter; Textual parameterResumé: Cette étude adopte la théorie de la traduction modèle pour analyser des données des autorités responsables de la traduction chinoise-à-anglais de Pékin, des documents concernant les Jeux olympiques. En examinant le processus de traduction et examinant le supretextual et les paramètres textuels influençant des traducteurs, le journal actuel vise à révéler les influences idéologiques sur la pratique de traduction. Les stratégies de traduction d'adaptation sont employées dans la traduction de textes Olympiques, mais sous une prémisse : la plupart de transport des intentions idéologiques dans le texte source.Mots-clés: Modèle de traduction; Processus de traduction; Idéologie; Supretextual paramètre; Paramètre textue

Late Neoarchean crust-mantle geodynamics : evidence from Pingquan Complex of the Northern Hebei Province, North China Craton

This study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41530207, 41502179, 41472165, 41602198) and Central University Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses (Grant No. 2652015038). PAC acknowledges support from Australian Research Council grant FL160100168.A late Neoarchean intra-oceanic arc along the northwestern margin of Eastern Block (EB), North China Craton, provides important insights into the nature of Archean mantle sources and crust-mantle geodynamics. The Pingquan Complex and the entire Northern Hebei Province (NHB) are located in the middle part of the arc, and overlap the northern extent of the Trans-North China Orogen. Zircon U-Pb isotopic age data reveal that the Pingquan Complex consists of ∼2537-2515 Ma dioritic gneisses, ∼2506-2503 Ma amphibolites, and ∼2491 Ma quartz monzodioritic to monzogranitic gneisses, and they show dominantly positive zircon εHf(t) (-0.6-+5.4) that are lower than coeval model depleted mantle values. Geochemical data for the Pingquan rocks and synchronous metabasalts and granitoid gneisses of Huai’an-Xuanhua and Dantazi complexes in the NHB are integrated. Except for the monzogranitic gneisses that were derived from partial melting of juvenile metagreywackes, the other rocks of the Pingquan Complex were derived from a metasomatized lithospheric mantle, and subjected to variable fractionation of clinopyroxene, hornblende and plagioclase, without significant crustal contamination. Moderately depleted zircon εHf(t), and high Sm/Hf and Nb/Ta (mostly of 1.34-3.96 and 15.50-32.58) suggest that the lithospheric mantle was enriched by subducted pelagic sediments metamorphosed to rutile-bearing eclogites before melting. Late Neoarchean crust-mantle geodynamic processes in the NHB are reconstructed. Intra-oceanic subduction initiated offshore of the northwestern margin of the EB at ∼2.55 Ga or earlier. Partial melting of slab basalts occurred at ∼2542-2499 Ma, with the melts contaminated by mantle wedge materials forming TTGs. Meanwhile, the sub-arc lithospheric mantle was enriched by fluids and melts released from slab basalts and pelagic sediments, and partial melting of this moderately depleted mantle generated ∼2537-2503 Ma diorites and basalts. Following final accretion of the arc onto the continental margin of the EB, the slab rollback/breakoff and asthenospheric mantle upwelling triggered partial melting of the metasomatized lithospheric mantle and crustal anatexis, generating ∼2491 Ma quartz monzodioritic and monzogranitic rocks. Accordingly, the NHB records Neoarchean crustal growth linked to oceanic subduction and arc-continent accretion, and highlights the importance of resolving the nature of mantle sources and crust-mantle interactions in understanding Archean crustal growth and evolution.PostprintPeer reviewe

Analysis of ocean internal waves imaged by multichannel reflection seismics, using ensemble empirical mode decomposition

Research on ocean internal waves using seismic oceanography is a frontier issue both for marine geophysicists and physical oceanographers. Images of the ocean water layer obtained by conventional processing of multichannel seismic reflection data can show the overall patterns of internal waves. However, in order to extract more information from the seismic data, new tools need to be developed. Here, we use the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method to decompose vertical displacement data from seismic sections and apply this method to a seismic section from the northeastern South China Sea, where clear internal waves are observed. Compared with the conventional empirical mode decomposition method, EEMD has greatly reduced the scale mixing problems induced in the decomposition results. The results obtained show that the internal waves in this area are composed of different characteristic wavelengths at different depths. The depth range of 200–1050 m contains internal waves with a wavelength of 1.25 km that are very well coupled in the vertical direction. The internal waves with a wavelength of 3 km, in the depth range of 200–600 m, are also well coupled, but in an oblique direction; this suggests that the propagation speed of internal waves of this scale changes with depth in this area. Finally, the internal waves with a wavelength of 6.5 km, observed in the depth range of 200–800 m, are separated into two parts with a phase difference of about 90◦, by a clear interface at a depth of 650 m; this allows us to infer an oblique propagation of wave energy of this scale.publishe

Late Neoarchean subduction-related crustal growth in the Northern Liaoning region of the North China Craton : evidence from ∼2.55-2.50 Ga granitoid gneisses

This study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41272209, 41472165, 41502179, 41530207) and the Central University Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses of China University of Geosciences (Beijing) (Grant No. 2652015038).The North China Craton (NCC), dominated by ∼2.6-2.5 Ga tectonothermal events, provides a natural laboratory to study Neoarchean crustal growth and geodynamic evolution. Late Neoarchean granitoid gneisses are well exposed in the Northern Liaoning Province, located north of the ancient Anshan-Benxi terrane along the northeastern margin of the Eastern Block (EB) of the NCC. LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb isotopic dating reveal that granitoid gneisses in the Qingyuan area can be grouped into two major episodes, i.e., ∼2559-2534 Ma strongly gneissic quartz dioritic and tonalitic to trondhjemitic gneisses; and ∼2529-2495 Ma weakly gneissic to massive quartz monzodioritic and monzogranitic gneisses, with subordinate tonalitic to trondhjemitic gneisses. The late magmatic episode was accompanied by regionally high-grade metamorphism (∼2510-2495 Ma). Most granitoid gneisses display highly depleted zircon εHf(t2) values (+4.2-+8.1), whereas one monzogranitic gneiss shows negative values of -4.7 to -1.0, indicating late Neoarchean crustal growth with minor involvement of ancient continental materials probably sourced from the Anshan-Benxi terrane. Geochemical and petrogenetic studies reveal that the quartz dioritic magmas were derived from partial melting of plagioclase-poor garnet amphibolites or eclogites metamorphosed from oceanic slab materials, with slab melts contaminated by mantle wedge peridotites during ascent. The tonalitic to trondhjemitic magmas stemmed from partial melting of mainly juvenile metabasaltic rocks with minor metagreywackes of lower arc crust. In comparison, the quartz monzodioritic and monzogranitic magmas were derived respectively from partial melting of depleted mantle sources metasomatized by slab-derived fluids and metagreywackes with different crustal resident ages at middle to lower crustal levels. Combined with previous studies of metavolcanic rocks, the Northern Liaoning Province records late Neoarchean crustal growth, evolving from mid-ocean ridge, through initiation and maturation of an intra-oceanic arc, to arc-continent collision. Arc-continent accretion and possibly slab rollback processes may have triggered reworking of both juvenile arc crust and minor ancient continental margin materials, generating the magmatic precursors for the monzogranitic gneisses. Overall, the intense late Neoarchean crustal growth of the EB was controlled mainly by arc-continent accretion, possibly linked to global assembly of cratonic fragments.PostprintPeer reviewe

A Hybrid 3D/2D Field Response Calculation for Liquid Argon Detectors with PCB Based Anode Plane

Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) technology is commonly utilized in neutrino detector designs. It enables detailed reconstruction of neutrino events with high spatial precision and low energy threshold. Its field response (FR) model describes the time-dependent electric currents induced in the anode-plane electrodes when ionization electrons drift nearby. An accurate and precise FR is a crucial input to LArTPC detector simulations and charge reconstruction. Established LArTPC designs have been based on parallel wire planes. It allows accurate and computationally economic two-dimensional (2D) FR models utilizing the translational symmetry along the direction of the wires. Recently, novel LArTPC designs utilize electrodes formed on printed circuit board (PCB) in the shape of strips with through holes. The translational symmetry is no longer a good approximation near the electrodes and a new FR calculation that employs regions with three dimensions (3D) has been developed. Extending the 2D models to 3D would be computationally expensive. Fortuitously, the nature of strips with through holes allows for a computationally economic approach based on the finite-difference method (FDM). In this paper, we present a new software package "pochoir" that calculates LArTPC field response for these new strip-based anode designs. This package combines 3D calculations in the volume near the electrodes with 2D far-field solutions to achieve fast and precise field response computation. We apply the resulting FR to simulate and reconstruct samples of cosmic-ray muons and $^{39}$Ar decays from a Vertical Drift (VD) detector prototype operated at CERN. We find the difference between real and simulated data within 5 %. Current state-of-the-art LArTPC software requires a 2D FR which we provide by averaging over one dimension and estimate that variations lost in this average are smaller than 7 %.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figure

Constraints on the χ_(c1) versus χ_(c2) polarizations in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The polarizations of promptly produced χ_(c1) and χ_(c2) mesons are studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in proton-proton collisions at √s=8  TeV. The χ_c states are reconstructed via their radiative decays χ_c → J/ψγ, with the photons being measured through conversions to e⁺e⁻, which allows the two states to be well resolved. The polarizations are measured in the helicity frame, through the analysis of the χ_(c2) to χ_(c1) yield ratio as a function of the polar or azimuthal angle of the positive muon emitted in the J/ψ → μ⁺μ⁻ decay, in three bins of J/ψ transverse momentum. While no differences are seen between the two states in terms of azimuthal decay angle distributions, they are observed to have significantly different polar anisotropies. The measurement favors a scenario where at least one of the two states is strongly polarized along the helicity quantization axis, in agreement with nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics predictions. This is the first measurement of significantly polarized quarkonia produced at high transverse momentum