Translating Le Fresne: Modeling Digital Scholarly Editions

With the advancement of technology and the complexity that a digital object can contain, the undergraduate student is able to take steps toward the original document. Through a digital medium, scholarly, editorial, and translational choices can be made explicit to the student and as he/she encounters the text, he/she can also have access to an understanding of elements of methodology and implications predetermined by the scholar. By making the translational choices of the scholar explicit, the digital edition can enable students to become aware of the translational and editorial process. Exposing portions of the translational and editorial process will enable the student to more fully understand, comprehend, and analyze the text, thus moving forward the student’s research and scholarship. This project begins with a consideration of digital scholarly editions and commercial digital resources (such as SparkNotes), followed by a discussion of the translation of Le Fresne, by Marie de France. These two discussions are then applied in the creation of a model for digital scholarly editions

The Lifelong Effects of Childhood Trauma

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) continue in a cycle, as evidence in research literature. Those who have experienced ACEs are likely to continue the cycle with their own children. As a result, children with ACEs are an increasing reality for educators who often see the immediate and short-term effects of trauma. What is not commonly understood among educators are the significant lifelong health effects of ACEs. This literature review examines the life-long effects of ACEs on physical, mental, intellectual, and occupational health. The effects include a shorter life expectancy and a lower quality of life

Why Amendments to Rule 23 Are Not Enough: A Case for the Federalization of Class Actions

Class action litigation can be a useful tool to protect consumers from corporate misconduct, particularly where the individual claims are too small to be economically viable. However, class actions are subject to abuse by unscrupulous counsel, some of whom use the mechanism to enrich themselves at the expense of the clients they claim to represent. As one commentator has noted, In many of these cases, the victimized consumers often receive pennies, or nearly-worthless coupons, while plaintiffs\u27 counsel receives millions in legal fees. Moreover, class actions are increasingly being filed over frivolous matters, often without the knowledge or consent of the proposed class members. Indeed, although they were [o]nce considered a tool of judicial economy... class actions are now often considered a means of defendant extortion

The attitudes of five international teaching assistants (ITAs) towards teachers, teaching, and their ITA training course

The more teachers know about their students, the easier it is to meet their students\u27 needs and expectations. The investigator\u27s objective of this qualitative study was to gain in-depth knowledge of five international teaching assistants (ITAs) from China from the researcher\u27s own ITA training class to determine (1) how their views of teachers and teaching had been shaped by Chinese society, and (2) the degree of agreement between their expectations of the ITA training class and goals that had been set for the class. Data were collected via open-ended interviews and questionnaires. The results showed that (1) the value placed on teachers and education by Chinese society, and therefore by these five ITAS, has varied greatly over the last 50 years, and (2) the expectations of the five ITAs for the ITA training course and the specific goals that had been set for the course were not always in agreement. The researcher recommends that ITA trainers learn more about their students\u27 backgrounds and cultures and that goals for the class be set after performing thorough needs analyses and that these goals be clearly discussed with the class

Films, Fractions, Ratios and Reels

Many teachers show films in their classes to supplement scientific concepts. In addition to learning from the content of the film, significant mathematical ideas may be found by observing the motions of the projector itself

Risk Factors for Emergency Medical Care or Hospitalization Due to Heat-Related Illness or Injury: A Systematic Review

Background: Temperatures globally have been predicted to increase due to changes in the climate. As the earth gets warmer, it is expected that heat-related illness will also increase worldwide. An effective and appropriate public health response will be critical. Purpose: The aim of this review was to identify risk factors associated with heat-related illness and injury to provide target areas for future interventions. Methods: A review of existing literature was analyzed for risk factors that may increase the likelihood of being admitted to an emergency department for a heat related illness or injury. Results: Of the included articles in this analysis (n=85), the common risk factors for emergency care or hospitalization from heat exposure were patient’s age (n=42), gender or sex (n=33), underlying health conditions or comorbidities (n=12) and time of year (n=24). Discussion: Community education and public health messages for prevention with focus on risk factors and common symptoms are important to decrease the rates of emergency care and hospital admissions. Further research is needed to determine mitigation strategies to decrease heat-related illness or injury as well as investments in early warning systems to protect vulnerable populations