1,689 research outputs found
Twitter, Team GB and the Australian Olympic Team: representations of gender in social media spaces.
Twitter is used by athletes, sporting teams and sports media to provide updates on the results of sporting events as they happen. Unlike traditional forms of sports media, online sports media offers the potential for diverse representations of athletes. The current study examined gender in social media coverage of the 2016 Olympic Games using a third wave feminist lens. The analysis focused on the Twitter pages of âTeam GBâ and the âAustralian Olympic teamâ and the sports stories and images posted during the Rio Olympic Games. Despite a number of traditional differences in the ways that male and females were represented being present, such as the presence of âactiveâ images of male athletes accompanying sports stories and the presence of infantalization in the language used to represent female performers, this analysis demonstrated significant strides forward in terms of the quantity of coverage received by women in online spaces. It further highlights virtual platforms as dynamic spaces for the representation of women athletes
Cancer evolution: Darwin and beyond
Clinical and laboratory studies over recent decades have established branched evolution as a feature of cancer. However, while grounded in somatic selection, several lines of evidence suggest a Darwinian model alone is insufficient to fully explain cancer evolution. First, the role of macroevolutionary events in tumour initiation and progression contradicts Darwin's central thesis of gradualism. Whole-genome doubling, chromosomal chromoplexy and chromothripsis represent examples of single catastrophic events which can drive tumour evolution. Second, neutral evolution can play a role in some tumours, indicating that selection is not always driving evolution. Third, increasing appreciation of the role of the ageing soma has led to recent generalised theories of age-dependent carcinogenesis. Here, we review these concepts and others, which collectively argue for a model of cancer evolution which extends beyond Darwin. We also highlight clinical opportunities which can be grasped through targeting cancer vulnerabilities arising from non-Darwinian patterns of evolution
Sporting women and social media: sexualization, misogyny and gender based violence in online spaces.
This study investigated gender based violence targeted at high profile women in virtual environments through presenting the case of womenâs tennis. Using a netnographic approach and third wave feminist lens, an analysis of two popular social media platforms (Facebook and Twitter) was conducted to examine the social commentary and fan interaction surrounding the top five seeded female tennis players during the Wimbledon Tennis Championships. Athletes were exposed to violent interactions in a number of ways. Four themes were identified through analysis of data: threats of physical violence; sexualisation that focussed on the female physical appearance; sexualisation that expressed desire and/or proposed physical or sexual contact; and sexualisation that was vile, explicit and threateningly violent in a sexual or misogynistic manner. Findings demonstrate how social media provides a space for unregulated gender-based cyberhate targeting high profile women while in their workplace in a way that traditional sports media does not
Customer perceptions about family firms and their effects on customer behaviors
The current is an exploratory project exploring the associations and impressions evoked by the term âfamily-owned businessâ (FOBs) and how these impressions affect intentions to buy from a family firm. Four studies were conducted to assess the perceptions about family firms. Based on signaling theory and the theory of reason action, it was predicted that the family nature of firms would act as a signal that consumers will use to determine perceptions, attitudes towards family firms, and intentions to buy from family firms. Results indicate that, in general, participants had positive perceptions about organizational values and neutral perceptions about products and services offered by family firms. As suggested by the Theory of Reasoned Action, these perceptions affected attitudes and intentions towards FOBs. Implications for theory and practice are discussed
Virtual technologies as tools of maltreatment: safeguarding in digital spaces
Digital technologies have become an essential component in the navigation of everyday tasks and activities. In the midst of a technological zeitgeist, our ârealâ lives have become intimately entangled with new media and âvirtualâ environments. Virtual platforms and technologies have proven to be valuable to athletes, coaches and fans, but with increased connection comes the potential for misuse and abuse within these spaces. The chapter demonstrates how virtual settings can create potentially perilous spaces which can easily lead to the abuse of athletes and other key stakeholders in sport. This is particularly due to the largely unregulated nature of these spaces which allow for varied forms of maltreatment to take place. The chapter considers some of the dangers of negative behaviours within online environments and reinforces the importance of safeguarding individuals in such spaces
Virtual Maltreatment: Sexualisation and Social Media Abuse in Sport.
Virtual maltreatment is a rapidly emerging and highly significant issue within contemporary sport. This study examines such behaviour by exploring the negative social media attention that tennis player Maria Sharapova received during the 2015 Wimbledon tennis championships. Using a netnographic approach, an analysis of two popular social media platforms (Facebook and Twitter) was conducted to examine the social commentary surrounding this athlete during the event. Three primary themes emerged from the analysis of data on these platforms: âadmiration of her physical beauty and/or sexualisationâ; âthreatening physical and/or sexual contactâ and âemotionally ridiculing and/or criticisingâ. These findings demonstrate how social media provides a space for unregulated physical and sexual abuse of female athletes in a way that traditional sports media does not. Virtual abuse and maltreatment is identified as a significant social problem which requires further consideration in academic literature
Multi-Wavelength Variability of the Synchrotron Self-Compton Model for Blazar Emission
Motivated by recent reports of strongly correlated radio and X-ray
variability in 3C279 (Grandi, etal 1995), we have computed the relative
amplitudes of variations in the synchrotron flux at and the self-Compton
X-ray flux at 1 keV () for a homogeneous sphere of relativistic
electrons orbiting in a tangled magnetic field. Relative to synchrotron
self-Compton scattering without induced Compton scattering, stimulated
scattering reduces the amplitude of by as much as an order of
magnitude when \tau_T \gtwid 1. When varies in a fixed magnetic
field, increases monotonically from 0.01 at , the
self-absorption turnover frequency, to at . The relative
amplitudes of the correlated fluctuations in the radio-mm and X-ray fluxes from
3C279 are consistent with the synchrotron self-Compton model if varies
in a fixed magnetic field and induced Compton scattering is the dominant source
of radio opacity. The variation amplitudes are are too small to be produced by
the passage of a shock through the synchrotron emission region unless the
magnetic field is perpendicular to the shock front.Comment: 21 pages, 4 fig
On the Reliability of Cross Correlation Function Lag Determinations in Active Galactic Nuclei
Many AGN exhibit a highly variable luminosity. Some AGN also show a
pronounced time delay between variations seen in their optical continuum and in
their emission lines. In effect, the emission lines are light echoes of the
continuum. This light travel-time delay provides a characteristic radius of the
region producing the emission lines. The cross correlation function (CCF) is
the standard tool used to measure the time lag between the continuum and line
variations. For the few well-sampled AGN, the lag ranges from 1-100 days,
depending upon which line is used and the luminosity of the AGN. In the best
sampled AGN, NGC 5548, the H_beta lag shows year-to-year changes, ranging from
about 8.7 days to about 22.9 days over a span of 8 years. In this paper it is
demonstrated that, in the context of AGN variability studies, the lag estimate
using the CCF is biased too low and subject to a large variance. Thus the
year-to-year changes of the measured lag in NGC 5548 do not necessarily imply
changes in the AGN structure. The bias and large variance are consequences of
finite duration sampling and the dominance of long timescale trends in the
light curves, not due to noise or irregular sampling. Lag estimates can be
substantially improved by removing low frequency power from the light curves
prior to computing the CCF.Comment: To appear in the PASP, vol 111, 1999 Nov; 37 pages; 10 figure
Hot and cold cleaning methods: CO2 and Nd:YAG laser ablation, sodium hydride immersion and CO2 cryoblasting
Cleaning of RTM moulds â the
problem!
The removal of loosely bound or weakly
adsorbed contamination from surfaces
can usually be achieved using
conventional cleaning methods such as
solvents or proprietory aqueous-based
cleaning solutions. However, the
removal of fully crosslinked material
which might be strongly adsorbed or
chemisorbed onto surfaces, such as
paints or adhesives, presents a much
greater challenge. Similarly, residual
epoxide resins remaining on the inside
surfaces of resin transfer mould (RTM)
tooling post curing are strongly adhered
to the mould surface and need to be
removed so that the mould can be reused.
The mould materials are typically
steel or nickel but may be compositebased.
Conventional methods cannot
fully remove residual epoxide material
without the use of hazardous chemicals
and mechanical removal can easily
result in damage to the underlying
mould which may compromise its
reuse. Therefore, a number of
novel cleaning solutions have been
investigated to address the challenging
problem of how to remove fully
crosslinked epoxide resins from RTM
mould surfaces
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