14 research outputs found
Palmitopamba: yumbos e incas en el bosque tropical al noroeste de Quito (Ecuador)
Las investigaciones hechas en Palmitopamba, en la montaña occidental de la provincia del Pichincha (Ecuador), revelan un centro monumental ocupado durante varios siglos por los yumbos, población nativa de la zona. La llegada de los incas en esta región a eso de 1500 d. C. permite estudiar la relación que tuvieron con este cacicazgo ubicado en una zona de bosque tropical húmedo. La expansión del Tahuantinsuyu parece haber tomado un rumbo distinto en el paÃs de los yumbos. El artÃculo presenta varias interpretaciones sobre la importancia del sitio tanto para los yumbos como para los invasores desde las perspectivas de la arqueologÃa del paisaje y de la etnohistoria. Brinda también un estudio de esta interacción después de la conquista española en 1532 y del posible papel del sitio en un levantamiento indÃgena fracasado.Les recherches effectuées sur le site de Palmitopamba, dans les montagnes occidentales de la province du Pichincha (Équateur) ont mis à jour un centre monumental qui fut occupé pendant des siècles par les Yumbos, natifs de cette région. L’arrivée des Incas, vers 1500 ap. J.-C, nous permet d’étudier leurs rapports avec cette population de la forêt tropicale humide. L’expansion du Tahuantinsuyu semble avoir pris un tournant différent chez les Yumbos. Cet article présente diverses interprétations sur l’importance du site, autant pour les Yumbos que pour les envahisseurs, du point de vue de l’archéologie du paysage et de l’ethnohistoire. Ils étudie également cette interaction après la conquête espagnole en 1532 et le rôle possible du site au cours d’une tentative manquée de soulèvement indigène.Research at the Palmitopamba site in the western montaña of Pichincha province (Ecuador) has uncovered a monumental center occupied for several centuries by the Yumbos, the natives of the zone. The arrival of the Incas in this region around A.D.1500 allows us to study the relationship between the Incas and this tropical forest chiefdom. The expansion of Tahuantinsuyu seems to have taken a distinct course in Yumbo country. This paper presents some interpretations on the importance of the site for the Yumbos as well as for the invaders from the perspectives of landscape archaeology and ethnohistory. It also studies the fate of this interaction after the Spanish conquest of 1532 and the possible role of the site in a failed indigenous uprising
Vorspanische Metallwaffen und-werkzeuge in Ecuador/Armas y herramientas de metal prehispánicas en Ecuador. Eugen Friedrich Mayer. Materialien zur Allgemeinen und Vergleichenden Archäologie Band 47. Verlag Philipp Von Zabern, Mainz, Germany, 1992. xi + 142 pp., 141 plates, bilingual text, bibliography, indexes. DM 150 (cloth).
Un sitio de Guangala Temprano en el suroeste del Ecuador. Karen E. Stothert and Douglas H. Ubelaker. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., and Museo Antropológico, Banco Central del Ecuador, Guayaquil, 1993. 114 pp., 59 figures, 12 tables, bibliography. Price unknown (paper).
Trade Openness and International Fragmentation of Production in the European Union: The New Divide?
The effect of tax enforcement on tax morale
In this paper we argue that tax enforcement is an additional contextual factor affecting tax morale, one of the most important determinants of tax compliance. By using a unique dataset that merges a representative sample of Italian households with administrative data on tax enforcement, we first find that tax morale is positively correlated with tax enforcement. Second, to deal with possible endogeneity of tax enforcement, we show that results are confirmed in an IV specification using the change in the tax gap at the provincial level as an instrument for tax enforcement. Finally, we provide evidence that the impact of tax enforcement and social environment is stronger at low quantiles of tax morale. Our results show that besides that of lowering the expected value of tax evasion, tax enforcement has an additional and indirect effect on tax compliance through its effect on tax morale