Microsensors and image processing for single oocyte qualification: toward multiparametric determination of the best time for fertilization

International audienceDuring intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) attempts, oocytes reaching metaphase II are microinjected. A morphological examination under a microscope is the usual method for determining oocyte maturity. The level of oocyte maturity is based on the meiotic status (Germinal Vesicle, metaphase I and metaphase II) of the oocytes with respect to their increasing maturity. In this letter, we summarize the studies conducted to analyze cytoplasm maturity using various microsystems and image processing. Optical microsystems are used to measure the transmission spectra and refractive index of the oocytes. We compared the transmission spectra measurements to the transmission electron microscopy results. Karhunen-Loeve transform is also used to evaluate the maturity of the oocytes. To summarize, optical analysis techniques are a minimally invasive technology allowing cytoplasm maturity to be assessed. Oocytes should not only be qualified in terms of GV, MI or MII, but also regarding their temporal evolution over the course of these maturation stages. The ultimate aim of this work is to describe the maturation of the oocytes by a trajectory in a multidimensional space and to determine when would be the best time for successful fertilization

Recherche en méthodologie d'évaluation des pratiques médicales (contribution à l'élaboration d'une méthode directement utile à la prise en charge des patients analysés)

Cette thèse est une recherche en méthodologie d'évaluation des pratiques professionnelles. L'approche originale consiste à proposer une méthode permettant d'atteindre un objectif double : d'une part utiliser immédiatement les résultats au bénéfice des patients inclus dans l'évaluation et d'autre part répondre à l'obligation d'évaluation des pratiques professionnelles telle qu'elle est préconisée actuellement par la Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS). Poursuivant le travail initié sur la méthodologie des enquêtes de pratiques appliquées à l'évaluation des pratiques de soins (9), et dans le cadre du Groupement d'Intérêt Public " ReQua " de Franche-Comté, nous avons vérifié avec des études sur différents thèmes qu'une évaluation des pratiques professionnelles poursuivant le double objectif décrit plus haut, était faisable, acceptable par les professionnels et reconnu par la HAS.This thesis is a research in methodology of evaluation of the professional practices. The original approach consists in proposing a method making it possible to achieve a double goal: on the one hand to immediately use the results for the benefit of the patients included in the evaluation and on the other hand to answer the obligation of evaluation of the professional practices such as she is currently recommended by the High Authority of Health (HAS). Continuing a work initiated on the methodology of the investigations of practices applied to the evaluation of the practices of care, and within the framework of the Grouping of Public Interest "ReQua" of Franche-comté, we checked with studies on various topics (psychiatry, nutrition, geriatrics) that an evaluation of the occupational practices pursuing the double goal describes higher, feasible, acceptable by the professionals and was recognized by the HAS.LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Vocal melody and musical background are simultaneously processed by the brain for musical predictions

International audienceMusical pleasure is related to the capacity to predict and anticipate the music. By recording early cerebral responses of 16 participants with electroencephalography during periods of silence inserted in known and unknown songs, we aimed to measure the contribution of different musical attributes to musical predictions. We investigated the mismatch between past encoded musical features and the current sensory inputs when listening to lyrics associated with vocal melody, only background instrumental material, or both attributes grouped together. When participants were listening to chords and lyrics for known songs, the brain responses related to musical violation produced event-related potential responses around 150-200 ms that were of a larger amplitude than for chords or lyrics only. Microstate analysis also revealed that for chords and lyrics, the global field power had an increased stability and a longer duration. The source localization identified that the right superior temporal and frontal gyri and the inferior and medial frontal gyri were activated for a longer time for chords and lyrics, likely caused by the increased complexity of the stimuli. We conclude that grouped together, a broader integration and retrieval of several musical attributes at the same time recruit larger neuronal networks that lead to more accurate predictions

Réalité et compréhension de la douleur provoquée chez le nouveau-né lors du test de dépistage néonatal (étude prospective clinique et en imagerie chez 62 nouveau-nés)

BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Audience Interbrain Synchrony During Live Music Is Shaped by Both the Number of People Sharing Pleasure and the Strength of This Pleasure

International audienc

An Example of Personalized Pathway in Medical Device Evaluation for a Master Student in Clinical Research

International audienceThe aim of this paper is to explore the possibility of combining several training lessons to offer students a personalized pathway in the field of medical device regulation. Feasibility is demonstrated through an experiment currently being conducted between the universities of France-Comte, Lille, Montpellier and Rennes

Are the new mobile wireless EEG headsets reliable for the evaluation of musical pleasure?

International audienceSince the beginning of the 20 th century, electroencephalography (EEG) has been used in a wide variety of applications, both for medical needs and for the study of various cerebral processes. With the rapid development of the technique, more and more precise and advanced tools have emerged for research purposes. However, the main constraints of these devices have often been the high price and, for some devices the low transportability and the long set-up time. Nevertheless, a broad range of wireless EEG devices have emerged on the market without these constraints, but with a lower signal quality. The development of EEG recording on multiple participants simultaneously, and new technological solutions provides further possibilities to understand the cerebral emotional dynamics of a group. A great number of studies have compared and tested many mobile devices, but have provided contradictory results. It is therefore important to test the reliability of specific wireless devices in a specific research context before developing a large-scale study. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of two wireless devices (g.tech Nautilus SAHARA electrodes and Emotiv™ Epoc +) for the detection of musical emotions, in comparison with a gold standard EEG device. Sixteen participants reported feeling emotional pleasure (from low pleasure up to musical chills) when listening to their favorite chill-inducing musical excerpts. In terms of emotion detection, our results show statistically significant concordance between Epoc + and the gold standard device in the left prefrontal and left temporal areas in the alpha frequency band. We validated the use of the Emotiv™ Epoc + for research into musical emotion. We did not find any significant concordance between g.tech and the gold standard. This suggests that Emotiv Epoc is more appropriate for musical emotion investigations in natural settings