Compliance with legal minimum wages and overtime pay regulations in China

A matched firm-employee data set is used to examine the extent of compliance with minimum wage and overtime pay regulations in Chinese formal sector firms. Evidence shows that there is broad compliance with legal minimum wages in China; fewer than 3.5% of full-time workers earn less than the legal monthly minimum wage. On the other hand, there is substantial non-compliance with overtime pay regulations; almost 29% of the employees who work overtime are not paid any additional wage for overtime hours, and 70% are paid less than the legally-required 1.5 times the regular wage

Understanding impacts of minimum wage policy on labor market in China

PowerPoint presentationPart of the project “Labour Market Regulations in China: Minimum Wage Policy,” this presentation draws conclusions from the study indicating that the process is largely driven by political competition of local governments at city and provincial level, in response to the appeal of the central government for raising wage share in national income. However, there are few studies about effects of minimum wages on skills, prices and profits. Controversial findings of effects on wage and income increase, working hours, and inequality are provided and discussed. Minimum wages are generally set at a low level by regional governments with no strong incentive to implement any, and no enforcement

Role and potential therapeutic value of histone methyltransferases in drug resistance mechanisms in lung cancer

Lung cancer, ranking second globally in both incidence and high mortality among common malignant tumors, presents a significant challenge with frequent occurrences of drug resistance despite the continuous emergence of novel therapeutic agents. This exacerbates disease progression, tumor recurrence, and ultimately leads to poor prognosis. Beyond acquired resistance due to genetic mutations, mounting evidence suggests a critical role of epigenetic mechanisms in this process. Numerous studies have indicated abnormal expression of Histone Methyltransferases (HMTs) in lung cancer, with the abnormal activation of certain HMTs closely linked to drug resistance. HMTs mediate drug tolerance in lung cancer through pathways involving alterations in cellular metabolism, upregulation of cancer stem cell-related genes, promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and enhanced migratory capabilities. The use of HMT inhibitors also opens new avenues for lung cancer treatment, and targeting HMTs may contribute to reversing drug resistance. This comprehensive review delves into the pivotal roles and molecular mechanisms of HMTs in drug resistance in lung cancer, offering a fresh perspective on therapeutic strategies. By thoroughly examining treatment approaches, it provides new insights into understanding drug resistance in lung cancer, supporting personalized treatment, fostering drug development, and propelling lung cancer therapy into novel territories

[Photograph 2012.201.B1333.0147]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Uncle Dan Vinson, Oklahoma City, talks with three of his "children" at the summer camp at Colony, left, to right are Art Taylor, Weatherford, Peggy Beauchamp of Arapaho, and Dale Lister of Weatherford.

Modeling and Application of Vehicular Cyber Physical System Based Petri Nets

Mobile cyber physical system (MCPS) has been a hot research area, where mobile nodes can mobile, and communicate with each other. As a typical MCPS, vehicular cyber physical system (VCPS) plays an important role in intelligent transportation, especially in collision avoidance. There is no, however, a formal modeling and analysis method for VCPS. In the paper, the modeling method based Petri nets (PN) is presented. Furthermore, the behavior expression analysis method is also presented which can deal with arbitrary distribution timed transitions. Finally, a case is introduced to verify the effectiveness about proposed method, and the results show that VCPS can greatly reduce the reaction time of vehicles behind when emergent accident occurs and then enhance the traffic safety

Rapid Sanger sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene for identification of some common pathogens.

Conventional Sanger sequencing remains time-consuming and laborious. In this study, we developed a rapid improved sequencing protocol of 16S rRNA for pathogens identification by using a new combination of SYBR Green I real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing with FTA® cards. To compare the sequencing quality of this method with conventional Sanger sequencing, 12 strains, including three kinds of strains (1 reference strain and 3 clinical strains, which were previously identified by biochemical tests), which have 4 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 4 Staphyloccocus aureus and 4 Escherichia coli, were targeted. Additionally, to validate the sequencing results and bacteria identification, expanded specimens with 90 clinical strains, also comprised of the three kinds of strains which included 30 samples respectively, were performed as just described. The results showed that although statistical differences (P<0.05) were found in sequencing quality between the two methods, their identification results were all correct and consistent. The workload, the time consumption and the cost per batch were respectively light versus heavy, 8 h versus 11 h and $420 versus$400. In the 90 clinical strains, all of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphyloccocus aureus strains were correctly identified, but only 26.7% of the Escherichia coli strains were recognized as Escherichia coli, while 33.3% as Shigella sonnei and 40% as Shigella dysenteriae. The protocol described here is a rapid, reliable, stable and convenient method for 16S rRNA sequencing, and can be used for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphyloccocus aureus identification, yet it is not completely suitable for discriminating Escherichia coli and Shigella strains

Controlling the crystallization dynamics of photovoltaic perovskite layers on larger-area coatings

As perovskite solar cells are highly efficient and already meet the efficiency requirement for renewable powergeneration, more attention is given to technological barriers such as scalability and stability. In particular, thelarge efficiency losses associated with upscaling lab-scale devices to large-area modules represents one ofthe major hurdles for commercialization. Given the essential role of the perovskite films in the deviceperformance, it is of critical importance to develop reliable crystallization protocols to deposit high-qualityperovskite layers via scalable methods. This review summarizes recent advances in emerging crystallizationprotocols for the large-scale deposition of perovskite thin films. The unique merits of the well-developedcrystallization strategies, including antisolvent, gas quenching, vacuum quenching, etc., are carefully analyzedand discussed. We highlight that, independent of the coating method, creating intermediate phases todecouple the otherwise overlapped solution coating and crystal growth is essential to realize homogeneouscoatings of perovskite thin films. Strategies for enhancing the crystal morphology of perovskite films arepresented as well, which is vitally important to realize reproducible manufacturing of large-area modules. Thistutorial review assists the screening and development of robust crystallization strategies for scalabledeposition of high-quality perovskite films for photovoltaic applications

Identification results of clinical pathogen strains.

<p>Identification results of clinical pathogen strains.</p

Sequencing results of the 12 specimens separately performed by two methods.

<p>Sequencing results of the 12 specimens separately performed by two methods.</p