A Comparative Study on Cooperative Learning in Multimedia and Network Environment Used by English Majors between China Mainland and Taiwan

This paper first based on the theory of cooperative learning research. It analyses the characteristics and advantages of cooperative learning under the multimedia network environment.And then take China Three Gorges University and Taiwan I-Shou University English major students for example, using questionnaires and interviews to investigate the students's cooperative learning in the network environment. Survey results showed that cooperative learning teaching mode has been widely used in English classrooms across the Taiwan Strait. Students think highly of cooperative learning in the multimedia-aided, and it can have a positive effect on learning; but on cooperative learning ability and the specific learning process, students still have some problems.Nowadays,cooperative learning in the network environment has various ways, but there exist certain differences in the learning styles across the Strait. Taiwan students rely more on teachers’ help and teachers feedback, while students in mainland depend mainly on networking and panel discussion. On qualitative analysis of interview is a supplement to the questionnaire and further explore its deeper causes, which provide valuable evidence for the study and learning practice. Finally, according to the comparative analysis ,the author puts forward some constructive suggestions

Molten Carbonates as an Effective Oxygen Reduction Catalyst for 550–650°C Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

We report the first study that investigates the use of molten carbonates as an effective catalyst to promote electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). A series of binary Li-K carbonate compositions were incorporated into the porous backbones of a commercial cathode assembled in symmetrical impedance cells for electrochemical characterization. Within the temperature range of 550–650◦C, we observed that the polarization and ohmic area-specific resistances of the original sample can be significantly reduced by the introduction of molten carbonates. A new ORR charge-transfer model involving two intermediate species CO5 2− and CO4 2− as the fast oxygen absorber and transporter, respectively, was presented as the mechanism for the facile ORR kinetics promoted by molten carbonates

Promoting Electrocatalytic Activity of a Composite SOFC Cathode La\u3csub\u3e0.8\u3c/sub\u3eSr\u3csub\u3e0.2\u3c/sub\u3eMnO\u3csub\u3e3+δ\u3c/sub\u3e/Ce\u3csub\u3e0.8\u3c/sub\u3eGd\u3csub\u3e0.2\u3c/sub\u3eO\u3csub\u3e2-δ\u3c/sub\u3e with Molten Carbonates

The effect of molten carbonates (MCs) on polarization resistance (RP), a direct measure of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, of a composite La0.8Sr0.2MnO3+δ/Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ (LSM/GDC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathode has been systematically investigated in this study over a temperature range of 550–650°C and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) span of 10−3 ∼ 1 atm. It is shown that the LSM/GDC cathode, either in the pristine or MC-modified states, can be generally modeled by two consecutive parallel circuits consisting of a resistance and a constant phase element (CPE). The high-frequency RP(HF)//CPE(HF) component is related to a charge-transfer process, while the low-frequency RP(LF)//CPE(LF) counterpart is associated with a surface oxygen dissociative adsorption process. Incorporation of an adequate amount of MC significantly reduces RP(LF) by as much as a factor of 10. Studies on the dependence of RP on temperature and pO2 further reveal that the rate-limiting step of a LSM/GDC cathode has shifted from the original surface oxygen dissociative adsorption to the formation of an intermediate CO2 −4 species in the presence of MC

First Spectroscopic Identification of Pyrocarbonate for High CO\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e Flux Membranes Containing Highly Interconnected Three Dimensional Ionic Channels

Identification of the existence of pyrocarbonate ion C2O52− in molten carbonates exposed to a CO2 atmosphere provides key support for a newly established bi-ionic transport model that explains the mechanisms of high CO2 permeation flux observed in mixed oxide-ion andcarbonate-ion conducting (MOCC) membranes containing highly interconnected three dimensional ionic channels. Here we report the first Raman spectroscopic evidence of C2O52− as an active species involved in the CO2-transport process of MOCC membranes exposed to a CO2atmosphere. The two new broad peaks centered at 1317 cm−1 and 1582 cm−1 are identified as the characteristic frequencies of the C2O52− species. The measured characteristic Raman frequencies of C2O52− are in excellent agreement with the DFT-model consisting of six overlapping individual theoretical bands calculated from Li2C2O5 and Na2C2O5

Modélisation numérique d'assemblages collés (application à la réparation de structures en composites)

Cette étude fait partie d'un programme de recherche concernant la réparation de structures composites par collage de patchs externes. Les objectifs principaux de ce programme sont d'une part l'identification de l'ensemble des facteurs susceptibles d influencer les performances à long terme de ce type de réparation, et d autre part de déterminer dans quelle mesure l utilisation de tels assemblages peuvent s'avérer une solution optimale. La conception d'un tel système passe obligatoirement par le développement d'un outil de simulation et de prédiction robuste du fait des divers mécanismes d endommagement pouvant intervenir de fa?on très complexe et de la rupture finale du système résultant d une propagation des zones endommagées. Cette étude compose d une et d autre l aspect de la modélisation numérique, et l'aspect expérimental. Le dialogue entre les résultats numériques et expérimentaux permet, d une part de comprendre les mécanismes d endommagement et l évolution de ce dernier dans le système réparé, d autre part de valider le modèle numérique. En particulier, nos efforts ont été concentrés, en utilisant le logiciel LS-dyna, sur l application des modèles de zone cohésive (MZC). Le comportement au délaminage d un composite carbone/époxyde et de l adhésif sont étudié avec les essais en mode I, mode II et mode mixte. Une étude paramétrique de MZC est effectuée. Le modèle de zone cohésive validé est utilisé pour modéliser le comportement en traction des composites réparés par collage de patches externesThis study is one part of a program of research with regard to the repair of composite structure with extern bonded-patches. The principal objectives of this program are, on one side, the identification of all the factors susceptible to influence the long-term performance of this type of repair, on the other, to determine the extent to which the use of such assemblage can be proved to be an optimal solution. The conception of such a system needs essentially the development of a tool of simulation and of robust prediction because various mechanisms of damage can take place in a very complex way and the final fracture of the system arise from the propagation of damage zones. This study consists of both numerical simulation and experimental aspect which can help us, on one side, understand the mechanisms of damage and its evolution in a repair structure, on the other, valid the numerical model. In particular, we concentrate in the application of cohesive zone model using LS-dyna. The behavior of delamination of carbon/epoxy composite and the adhesive is studied with the experiments in mode I, mode II and mode mixed. A parametric study is carried out. The validated cohesive zone model is used to simulate the tensile behavior of composite repaired by extern bonded-patchesDIJON-BU Doc.électronique (212319901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Effects of Mongolian Medicine Modified Sugmul-7 on Hyperplasia of the Breast

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of regulating the endocrine function of hyperplasia breast in rats with Mongolian Medicine Modified Sugmul-7 (MMMS-7) by Proteomics and provide an experimental basis for its development and clinical application. Methods: Ninety female SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: the intact group – the animal group that was injected with neither estradiol, nor progesterone, nor administered Mongolian Medicine Modified Sugmul-7; the negative control group – the group injected with estradiol and progesterone; the positive control group - injected with estradiol, progesterone and administered mastodynon 0.06 g/kg; and the treatment groups – injected with estradiol and progesterone, each in their respective dose groups. After the start of the experiment, each rat except the intact group was intra peritoneally injected with estradiol 25d and progesterone 6d at a standard dose of 0.3 mg / kg for a total of 31 days. Results: Four differential proteins were found through proteomic analysis, namely Ppp3cb, Cacybp, Gstz1, and Nmd3 and their 5 related pathways. Conclusions: The above pathways are all known to be related to the treatment of breast hyperplasia caused by endocrine disorders. Treatment with Mongolian Medicine Modified Sugmul-7 is completed through regulation of the gastrointestinal and endocrine systems

Continuous fabrication of microcapsules with controllable metal covered nanoparticle arrays using droplet microfluidics for localized surface plasmon resonance

Particle-laden plasmonic microcapsules were fabricated continuously using microfluidic technology, showing high LSPR with high-density “hot-spot” scattering sites.</p

Long-term outcomes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with helical tomotherapy using simultaneous integrated boost technique: A 10-year result

BackgroundTo evaluate the long-term survival and treatment-related toxicities of helical tomotherapy (HT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.MethodsOne hundred and ninety newly diagnosed non-metastatic NPC patients treated with HT from September 2007 to August 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The dose at D95 prescribed was 70-74Gy, 60-62.7Gy and 52-56Gy delivered in 33 fractions to the primary gross tumor volume (pGTVnx) and positive lymph nodes (pGTVnd), the high risk planning target volume (PTV1), and the low risk planning target volume (PTV2), respectively, using simultaneous integrated boost technique. The statistical analyses were performed and late toxicities were evaluated and scored according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 3.0).ResultsThe median follow-up time was 145 months. The 10-year local relapse-free survival (LRFS), nodal relapse-free survival (NRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) were 94%, 95%, 86%, and 77.8%; respectively. Fifty (26.3%) patients had treatment-related failures at the last follow-up visit. Distant metastasis, occurred in 25 patients, was the major failure pattern. Multivariate analysis showed that age and T stage were independent predictors of DMFS and OS, Concomitant chemotherapy improved overall survival, but anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy failed. The most common late toxicities were mainly graded as 1 or 2.ConclusionsHelical tomotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost technique offered excellent long-term outcomes for NPC patients, with mild late treatment-related toxicities. Age and clinical stage were independent predictors of DMFS and OS. And, concurrent chemotherapy means better OS. Further prospective study is needed to confirm the superiority of this technology and to evaluate the roles of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody treatment

Analysis of Phase Behavior and Rheological Properties of Ovalbumin-Fucoidan Complexes Based on Electrostatic Interaction

In order to understand the formation process and interaction mechanism of complexes between ovalbumin (OVA) and fucoidan (FUC), turbidity titration, zeta potential measurement, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic rheometer analysis were used to analyze the phase behavior and critical pH values (pHc, pHφ1 and pHmax) of OVA-FUC complexes. The zeta potential results showed that the that the critical pH for the formation of composite aggregates was closely related to the ratio of OVA to FUC and salt concentration. The zeta potential analysis indicated that the formation of composite aggregates was mainly driven by electrostatic interaction. As the OVA/FUC ratio increased, the critical pH shifted to a higher value. Low salt concentrations (c(NaCl) < 100 mmol/L) promoted the formation of aggregates, while high salt concentrations (c(NaCl) ≥ 100 mmol/L) significantly decreased the critical pH due to electrostatic shielding. Under acidic conditions (pH 4.5), maximum viscoelasticity was observedat an OVA/FUC ratio of 20:1 (m/m) and NaCl concentration of 400 mmol/L. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the development of functional products based on sulfated polysaccharide and egg white protein

Pressure induced superconductivity in WB2 and ReB2 through modifying the B layers

The recent discovery of superconductivity up to 32 K in the pressurized MoB2 reignites the interests in exploring high-Tc superconductors in transition-metal diborides. Inspired by that work, we turn our attention to the 5d transition-metal diborides. Here we systematically investigate the responses of both structural and physical properties of WB2 and ReB2 to external pressure, which possess different types of boron layers. Similar to MoB2, the pressure-induced superconductivity was also observed in WB2 above 60 GPa with a maximum Tc of 15 K at 100 GPa, while no superconductivity was detected in ReB2 in this pressure range. Interestingly, the structures at ambient pressure for both WB2 and ReB2 persist to high pressure without structural phase transitions. Theoretical calculations suggest that the ratio of flat boron layers in this class of transition-metal diborides may be crucial for the appearance of high Tc. The combined theoretical and experimental results highlight the effect of geometry of boron layers on superconductivity and shed light on the exploration of novel high-Tc superconductors in borides.Comment: 17 pages,5 figure