[Review of] Mark Rifkin. When Did Indians Become Straight? Kinship, the History of Sexuality, and Native Sovereignty

Mark Rifkin\u27s second monograph. When Did Indians Become Straight, is an intellectually rigorous and theoretically dense work that explores the relationship between Indigenous political formations and heteronormativity by presenting a literary history of sexuality that spans the last two centuries. Rifkin argues that the settler state\u27s investment in, and enforcement of, heterosexuality as the basic organizing structure of society is a response to the fact that Indigeneity puts the state in crisis by raising fundamental questions about the legitimacy of its (continued) existence (37). As a result, Indigenous geopolitical alliances that exceed liberal state logics of what counts as proper governance are interpellated as aberrant or anomalous modes of (failed) domesticity in an political economy of privatization, where heterosexual coupling is portrayed as a natural expression of the family (37). Rifkin demonstrates that heteroconjugality is the condition of possibility for political intelligibility within United States institutions for Native people. On the one hand, United States discourses of sexuality, work to selectively recognize Native social forms that align with liberal settler frameworks, and on the other they mark Indigenous difference as a threat to the national order. Therefore Indigenous political subjectivity, defined by affective networks of kinship relations, not only falls outside the scope of settler political reality, but it actively challenges the state\u27s continued legitimacy by insisting on the preexistence of polities external to the state

Effects of Peak Equivalence and Transformation Treatment on Derived Relational Responding as a Generalized Operant and IQ

The present study examined Promoting the Emergence of Advanced Knowledge Relational Training System; Equivalence (PEAK-E) and Transformation’s (PEAK-T) effect on a participant with ASD’s derived relational responding, intelligence scores (WPPSI-IV; Weschler 2012), and the deceleration coefficient. One participant with ASD was given 10 weeks of PEAK-E and PEAK-T treatment for four hours a week, along with probes throughout the study for IQ scores and deceleration coefficient scores. The data indicated a significant relationship between PEAK-E and PEAK-T treatment and IQ scores, as well as a relationship between PEAK scores and a participant’s deceleration coefficient. This indicated that PEAK-E and PEAK-T treatment is a reliable and valid treatment for individuals with ASD

You Must Be a Duet in Everything: An Examination of the Body in Wyndham Lewis\u27s Tarr

Wyndham Lewis is a much-ignored Canadian born British artist who alongside Ezra Pound, TS Eliot, Virginia Woolf, and James Joyce (all of whom he was friends with at various points in his life) helped form what we now call English High Modernism. Along with Ezra Pound in 1914, he founded the only avant-garde English art movement: Vorticism. Lewis was in his early thirties by that time, and had already joined and left the Bloomsbury Group. Although Vorticism is Lewis\u27s creation that gets him the most attention, his work defies classification: the list of his writings contains literature, philosophy, sociology, political science, journalism, short stories, art critiques, two autobiographies, travel essays, drama, and poetry, and he edited numerous journals, while he painted dozens upon dozens of paintings and drew feverishly before he went blind in the early 1950s. His visual style in his paintings ranges from \u27normal\u27 representational portraits, to cubist, futurist, Vorticist, and various non-representational styles

The Painter and the Scullery Boy: Pietro da Cortona in Nineteenth-Century Children’s Literature

Although he was an international celebrity in his own lifetime, Pietro da Cortona’s reputation plummeted soon after his death, due in large part to changing standards of taste in the eighteenth century that were hostile to the extravagances of the Baroque style that he epitomized. By the nineteenth century it is difficult to find a positive evaluation of Cortona in any art-theoretical literature. Newly discovered material, however, reveals that a fable featuring the artist was widespread in children’s literature throughout the century, written by some of the leading historians and children’s authors in Europe and America. This article examines how elements of artistic biography were appropriated to serve a burgeoning genre of literature intended to shape children’s character and conduct, and explores what these stories can tell us about Cortona’s popular, as opposed to academic, reception in the centuries following his own

Correlation between binding rate constants and individual information of E. coli Fis binding sites

Individual protein binding sites on DNA can be measured in bits of information. This information is related to the free energy of binding by the second law of thermodynamics, but binding kinetics appear to be inaccessible from sequence information since the relative contributions of the on- and off-rates to the binding constant, and hence the free energy, are unknown. However, the on-rate could be independent of the sequence since a protein is likely to bind once it is near a site. To test this, we used surface plasmon resonance and electromobility shift assays to determine the kinetics for binding of the Fis protein to a range of naturally occurring binding sites. We observed that the logarithm of the off-rate is indeed proportional to the individual information of the binding sites, as predicted. However, the on-rate is also related to the information, but to a lesser degree. We suggest that the on-rate is mostly determined by DNA bending, which in turn is determined by the sequence information. Finally, we observed a break in the binding curve around zero bits of information. The break is expected from information theory because it represents the coding demarcation between specific and nonspecific binding

Dielectric and thermal relaxation in the energy landscape

We derive an energy landscape interpretation of dielectric relaxation times in undercooled liquids, comparing it to the traditional Debye and Gemant-DiMarzio-Bishop pictures. The interaction between different local structural rearrangements in the energy landscape explains qualitatively the recently observed splitting of the flow process into an initial and a final stage. The initial mechanical relaxation stage is attributed to hopping processes, the final thermal or structural relaxation stage to the decay of the local double-well potentials. The energy landscape concept provides an explanation for the equality of thermal and dielectric relaxation times. The equality itself is once more demonstrated on the basis of literature data for salol.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 41 references, Workshop Disordered Systems, Molveno 2006, submitted to Philosophical Magazin

The Engaged University: Providing a Platform for Research That Transforms Society

Despite a growing recognition that the solutions to current environmental problems will be developed through collaborations between scientists and stakeholders, substantial challenges stifle such cooperation and slow the transfer of knowledge. Challenges occur at several levels, including individual, disciplinary, and institutional. All of these have implications for scholars working at academic and research institutions. Fortunately, creative ideas and tested models exist that provide opportunities for conversation and serious consideration about how such institutions can facilitate the dialogue between scientists and societ

Promoting Diversity and Combatting Discrimination in Research Organizations: A Practitioner’s Guide

The essay is addressed to practitioners in research management and from academic leadership. It describes which measures can contribute to creating an inclusive climate for research teams and preventing and effectively dealing with discrimination. The practical recommendations consider the policy and organizational levels, as well as the individual perspective of research managers. Following a series of basic recommendations, six lessons learned are formulated, derived from the contributions to the edited collection on "Diversity and Discrimination in Research Organizations.

On the role of NOS1 ex1f-VNTR in ADHD – allelic, subgroup, and meta-analysis

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heritable neurodevelopmental disorder featuring complex genetics with common and rare variants contributing to disease risk. In a high proportion of cases, ADHD does not remit during adolescence but persists into adulthood. Several studies suggest that NOS1, encoding nitric oxide synthase I, producing the gaseous neurotransmitter NO, is a candidate gene for (adult) ADHD. We here extended our analysis by increasing the original sample, adding two further samples from Norway and Spain, and conducted subgroup and co-morbidity analysis. Our previous finding held true in the extended sample, and also meta-analysis demonstrated an association of NOS1 ex1fVNTR short alleles with adult ADHD (aADHD). Association was restricted to females, as was the case in the discovery sample. Subgroup analysis on the single allele level suggested that the repeat allele caused the association. Regarding subgroups, we found that NOS1 was associated with the hyperactive/impulsive ADHD subtype, but not to pure inattention. In terms of comorbidity, major depression, anxiety disorders, cluster C personality disorders and migraine were associated with short repeats, in particular the repeat allele. Also, short allele carriers had significantly lower IQ. Finally, we again demonstrated an influence of the repeat on gene expression in human post-mortem brain samples. These data validate the role of NOS-I in hyperactive/impulsive phenotypes and call for further studies into the neurobiological underpinnings of this association.PostprintPeer reviewe

Aptamer-based multiplexed proteomic technology for biomarker discovery

Interrogation of the human proteome in a highly multiplexed and efficient manner remains a coveted and challenging goal in biology. We present a new aptamer-based proteomic technology for biomarker discovery capable of simultaneously measuring thousands of proteins from small sample volumes (15 [mu]L of serum or plasma). Our current assay allows us to measure ~800 proteins with very low limits of detection (1 pM average), 7 logs of overall dynamic range, and 5% average coefficient of variation. This technology is enabled by a new generation of aptamers that contain chemically modified nucleotides, which greatly expand the physicochemical diversity of the large randomized nucleic acid libraries from which the aptamers are selected. Proteins in complex matrices such as plasma are measured with a process that transforms a signature of protein concentrations into a corresponding DNA aptamer concentration signature, which is then quantified with a DNA microarray. In essence, our assay takes advantage of the dual nature of aptamers as both folded binding entities with defined shapes and unique sequences recognizable by specific hybridization probes. To demonstrate the utility of our proteomics biomarker discovery technology, we applied it to a clinical study of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We identified two well known CKD biomarkers as well as an additional 58 potential CKD biomarkers. These results demonstrate the potential utility of our technology to discover unique protein signatures characteristic of various disease states. More generally, we describe a versatile and powerful tool that allows large-scale comparison of proteome profiles among discrete populations. This unbiased and highly multiplexed search engine will enable the discovery of novel biomarkers in a manner that is unencumbered by our incomplete knowledge of biology, thereby helping to advance the next generation of evidence-based medicine