8 research outputs found
Complex impedance measurements of calorimeters and bolometers: correction for stray impedances
Impedance measurements provide a useful probe of the physics of bolometers
and calorimeters. We describe a method for measuring the complex impedance of
these devices. In previous work, stray impedances and readout electronics of
the measurement apparatus have resulted in artifacts in the impedance data. The
new technique allows experimenters to find an independent Thevenin or Norton
equivalent circuit for each frequency. This method allows experimenters to
easily isolate the device impedance from the effects of parasitic impedances
and frequency dependent gains in amplifiers.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
The Milky Way's Kiloparsec Scale Wind: A Hybrid Cosmic-Ray and Thermally Driven Outflow
We apply a wind model, driven by combined cosmic-ray and thermal-gas
pressure, to the Milky Way, and show that the observed Galactic diffuse soft
X-ray emission can be better explained by a wind than by previous static gas
models. We find that cosmic-ray pressure is essential to driving the observed
wind. Having thus defined a "best-fit" model for a Galactic wind, we explore
variations in the base parameters and show how the wind's properties vary with
changes in gas pressure, cosmic-ray pressure and density. We demonstrate the
importance of cosmic rays in launching winds, and the effect cosmic rays have
on wind dynamics. In addition, this model adds support to the hypothesis of
Breitschwerdt and collaborators that such a wind may help explain the
relatively small gradient observed in gamma-ray emission as a function of
galactocentric radius.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures; Accepted to Ap