1,708 research outputs found
Generalizations of Weighted Trapezoidal Inequality for Monotonic Mappings and Its Applications
In this paper, we establish some generalizations of weighted trapezoid inequality for monotonic mappings, and give several applications for r ā moment, the expectation of a continuous random variable and the Beta mapping
Chinese Childrenās School Experiences Represented in Picture Books
In a graduate level childrenās literature class, Eun Hye, the second author, was facilitating the discussion of the importance of multicultural childrenās literature from an assigned reading of Rudine Sims Bishop\u27s āMirrors, Windows, and Sliding Glass Doorsā (1990). As Lin, the first author, was engaged in the discussion by sharing different childhood experiences, one student, who was adopted from China by Americans as a toddler, said that she found herself rarely represented in picture books while growing up in the U.S. We both felt bad because we grew up in China and Korea respectively, surrounded by many childrenās books representing children like ourselves. However, when we each came to the United States in our 20s to attend higher education, we quickly learned that there is a limited number of books portraying Chinese and Korean children living in the United States. At different time periods, we both developed intellectual interests toward critically examining how these two groups of children (Chinese and Korean) have been portrayed in multicultural childrenās books
Gene silencing in mammalian cells by PCR-based short hairpin RNA
AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) provides a powerful tool to silence genes in a sequence-specific manner in a variety of systems. However, not all sequences are effective in the RNAi-mediated gene silencing. In this study, we developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based RNAi strategy for a quick screening of small interfering RNA (siRNA) efficiency. This method utilized a two-step PCR to generate a chimeric DNA template containing the U6 promoter or cytomegalovirus promoter and short hairpin DNA. We demonstrated that the transfection of the PCR products into mammalian cells resulted in specific depressions of exogenous (luciferase, green fluorescent protein and Ī²-galactosidase) and endogenous (annexin II) gene expressions. This PCR strategy provides a rapid, easy and cheap approach for testing candidates siRNA sequences and is an attractive alternative to subcloning
A Novel Contact Resistance Model of Anisotropic Conductive Film for FPD Packaging
In this research, a novel contact resistance model for the flat panel display
(FPD) packaging based on the within layer parallel and between layers series
resistance concepts was proposed. The FJ2530 anisotropic conductive films (ACF)
by Sony Inc. containing the currently smallest 3micron conductive particles was
used to conduct the experiments to verify the accuracy of the proposed model.
Calculated resistance of the chip-on-glass (COG) packaging by the proposed
model is 0.163\Omega. It is found that the gold bump with 0.162\Omega
resistance play the major role of the overall resistance. Although the
predicted resistance by the proposed model is only one third of the
experimentally measured value, it has been three-fold improvement compared to
the existing models.Comment: Submitted on behalf of TIMA Editions
(http://irevues.inist.fr/tima-editions
Transcritical flow of a stratified fluid over topography: analysis of the forced Gardner equation
Transcritical flow of a stratified fluid past a broad localised topographic
obstacle is studied analytically in the framework of the forced extended
Korteweg--de Vries (eKdV), or Gardner, equation. We consider both possible
signs for the cubic nonlinear term in the Gardner equation corresponding to
different fluid density stratification profiles. We identify the range of the
input parameters: the oncoming flow speed (the Froude number) and the
topographic amplitude, for which the obstacle supports a stationary localised
hydraulic transition from the subcritical flow upstream to the supercritical
flow downstream. Such a localised transcritical flow is resolved back into the
equilibrium flow state away from the obstacle with the aid of unsteady coherent
nonlinear wave structures propagating upstream and downstream. Along with the
regular, cnoidal undular bores occurring in the analogous problem for the
single-layer flow modeled by the forced KdV equation, the transcritical
internal wave flows support a diverse family of upstream and downstream wave
structures, including solibores, rarefaction waves, reversed and trigonometric
undular bores, which we describe using the recent development of the nonlinear
modulation theory for the (unforced) Gardner equation. The predictions of the
developed analytic construction are confirmed by direct numerical simulations
of the forced Gardner equation for a broad range of input parameters.Comment: 34 pages, 24 figure
The hidden spin-momentum locking and topological defects in unpolarized light fields
Electromagnetic waves characterized by intensity, phase, and polarization
degrees of freedom are widely applied in data storage, encryption, and
communications. However, these properties can be substantially affected by
phase disorders and disturbances, whereas high-dimensional degrees of freedom
including momentum and angular momentum of electromagnetic waves can offer new
insights into their features and phenomena, for example topological
characteristics and structures that are robust to these disturbances. Here, we
discover and demonstrate theoretically and experimentally spin-momentum locking
and topological defects in unpolarized light. The coherent spin is locked to
the kinetic momentum except for a small coupling spin term, due to the
simultaneous presence of transverse magnetic and electric components in
unpolarized light. To cancel the coupling term, we employ a metal film acting
as a polarizer to form some skyrmion-like spin textures at the metal/air
interface. Using an in-house scanning optical microscopic system to image the
out-of-plane spin density of the focused unpolarized vortex light, we obtained
experimental results that coincide well with our theoretical predictions. The
theory and technique promote the applications of topological defects in optical
data storage, encryption, and decryption, and communications.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, 47 reference
Bending-wave Instability of a Vortex Ring in a Trapped Bose-Einstein Condensate
Based on a velocity formula derived by matched asymptotic expansion, we
investigate the dynamics of a circular vortex ring in an axisymmetric
Bose-Einstein condensate in the Thomas-Fermi limit. The trajectory for an
axisymmetrically placed and oriented vortex ring is entirely determined,
revealing that the vortex ring generally precesses in condensate. The linear
instability due to bending waves is investigated both numerically and
analytically. General stability boundaries for various perturbed wavenumbers
are computed. In particular, the excitation spectrum and the absolutely stable
region for the static ring are analytically determined.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Identification of rat lung-specific microRNAs by micoRNA microarray: valuable discoveries for the facilitation of lung research
BACKGROUND: An important mechanism for gene regulation utilizes small non-coding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs). These small RNAs play important roles in tissue development, cell differentiation and proliferation, lipid and fat metabolism, stem cells, exocytosis, diseases and cancers. To date, relatively little is known about functions of miRNAs in the lung except lung cancer. RESULTS: In this study, we utilized a rat miRNA microarray containing 216 miRNA probes, printed in-house, to detect the expression of miRNAs in the rat lung compared to the rat heart, brain, liver, kidney and spleen. Statistical analysis using Significant Analysis of Microarray (SAM) and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) revealed 2 miRNAs (miR-195 and miR-200c) expressed specifically in the lung and 9 miRNAs co-expressed in the lung and another organ. 12 selected miRNAs were verified by Northern blot analysis. CONCLUSION: The identified lung-specific miRNAs from this work will facilitate functional studies of miRNAs during normal physiological and pathophysiological processes of the lung
Stationary wave patterns generated by an impurity moving with supersonic velocity through a Bose-Einstein condensate
Formation of stationary 3D wave patterns generated by a small point-like
impurity moving through a Bose-Einstein condensate with supersonic velocity is
studied. Asymptotic formulae for a stationary far-field density distribution
are obtained. Comparison with three-dimensional numerical simulations
demonstrates that these formulae are accurate enough already at distances from
the obstacle equal to a few wavelengths.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
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