M3PS: End-to-End Multi-Grained Multi-Modal Attribute-Aware Product Summarization in E-commerce

Given the long textual product information and the product image, Multi-Modal Product Summarization (MMPS) aims to attract customers' interest and increase their desire to purchase by highlighting product characteristics with a short textual summary. Existing MMPS methods have achieved promising performance. Nevertheless, there still exist several problems: 1) lack end-to-end product summarization, 2) lack multi-grained multi-modal modeling, and 3) lack multi-modal attribute modeling. To address these issues, we propose an end-to-end multi-grained multi-modal attribute-aware product summarization method (M3PS) for generating high-quality product summaries in e-commerce. M3PS jointly models product attributes and generates product summaries. Meanwhile, we design several multi-grained multi-modal tasks to better guide the multi-modal learning of M3PS. Furthermore, we model product attributes based on both text and image modalities so that multi-modal product characteristics can be manifested in the generated summaries. Extensive experiments on a real large-scale Chinese e-commence dataset demonstrate that our model outperforms state-of-the-art product summarization methods w.r.t. several summarization metrics

Transduced PEP-1-Heme Oxygenase-1 Fusion Protein Attenuates Lung Injury in Septic Shock Rats

Oxidative stress and inflammation have been identified to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by septic shock. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic substance, has been used for the treatment of heart, lung, and liver diseases. Thus, we postulated that administration of exogenous HO-1 protein transduced by cell-penetrating peptide PEP-1 has a protective role against septic shock-induced lung injury. Septic shock produced by cecal ligation and puncture caused severe lung damage, manifested in the increase in the lung wet/dry ratio, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, these changes were reversed by treatment with the PEP-1-HO-1 fusion protein, whereas lung injury in septic shock rats was alleviated. Furthermore, the septic shock upregulated the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and transcription factor NF-κB, accompanied by the increase of lung injury. Administration of PEP-1-HO-1 fusion protein reversed septic shock-induced lung injury by downregulating the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB. Our study indicates that treatment with HO-1 protein transduced by PEP-1 confers protection against septic shock-induced lung injury by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects

A Three-Dimensional Porous Conducting Polymer Composite with Ultralow Density and Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensing Properties

An ultralight conducting polyaniline/SiC/polyacrylonitrile (PANI/SiC/PAN) composite was fabricated by in situ polymerization of aniline monomer on the surface of fibers in SiC/PAN aerogel. The SiC/PAN aerogel was obtained by electrospinning, freeze-drying, and heat treatment. The ingredient, morphology, structure, and electrical properties of the aerogel before and after in situ polymerization were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and voltage-current characteristic measurement. The thermostability of PANI/SiC/PAN composite was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and electrical resistance measured at different temperatures. The density of the PANI/SiC/PAN composite was approximately 0.211 g cm−3, the porosity was 76.44%, and the conductivity was 0.013 S m−1. The pressure sensing properties were evaluated at room temperature. The electrical resistance of as-prepared sample decreased gradually with the increase of pressure. Furthermore, the pressure sensing process was reversible and the response time was short (about 1 s). This composite may have application in pressure sensor field

Immunomodulatory Hydrogels:Advanced Regenerative Tools for Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most common complications of diabetes, bringing physical and mental challenges for patients due to the lack of efficient curative therapy. Despite considerable advances in pharmacological and surgical approaches, clinical trials for DFU patients remain disappointing due to the local overactive and excessive inflammation. Immunomodulatory hydrogels has significant advantages to overcome the clinical challenge of DFUs therapy. Here, recent fabrication and regenerative advances in the utilization of functional hydrogels for altering the immune microenvironment of DFUs are comprehensively reviewed. The pathological features and the healing processes of DFUs, followed by summarizing the physicochemical properties essential for the design of regenerative hydrogels for immunomodulation in DFUs, are briefly introduced. Then, the potential immuno-therapeutic modalities of hydrogels and emerging trends used to treat DFUs via multitherapeutic approaches and enhanced efficacy and safety are discussed. Taken together, by linking the structural properties of hydrogels to their functions in DFU therapy with a particular focus on immunomodulatory stimuli, this review can promote further advances in designing advanced hydrogels for DFUs, resulting in improved diabetic wound repair through translation into clinical setting in the near future.</p

Laser Direct Writing of Visible Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride for Applications in Spin-Based Technologies

Optically addressable spins in two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) attract widespread attention for their potential advantage in on-chip quantum devices, such as quantum sensors and quantum network. A variety of spin defects have been found in hBN, but no convenient and deterministic generation methods have been reported for other defects except negatively charged boron vacancy ($V_B^-$). Here we report that by using femtosecond laser direct writing technology, we can deterministically create spin defect ensembles with spectra range from 550 nm to 800 nm on nanoscale hBN flakes. Positive single-peak optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) signals are detected in the presence of magnetic field perpendicular to the substrate, and the contrast can reach 0.8%. With the appropriate thickness of hBN flakes, substrate and femtosecond laser pulse energy, we can deterministically and efficiently generate bright spin defect array. Our results provide a convenient deterministic method to create spin defects in hBN, which will motivate more endeavors for future researches and applications of spin-based technologies such as quantum magnetometer array

Worldwide productivity and research trend of publications concerning glioma-associated macrophage/microglia: A bibliometric study

Glioma-associated macrophage/microglia (GAM) represents a key player in shaping a unique glioma ecosystem to facilitate tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Numerous studies have been published concerning GAM, but no relevant bibliometric study has been performed yet. Our bibliometric study aimed to comprehensively summarize and analyze the global scientific output, research hotspots, and trendy topics of publications on GAM over time. Data on publications on GAM were collected using the Web of Science (WoS). The search date was 16 January 2022, and the publications were collected from 2002 to 2021. Totally, 1,224 articles and reviews were incorporated and analyzed in the current study. It showed that the annual publications concerning GAM kept increasing over the past 20 years. The United States had the largest number of publications and total citations. Holland, Kettenmann, and Gutmann were the top three authors in terms of citation frequency. Neuro-oncology represented the most influential journal in GAM studies, with the highest H-index, total citations, and publication numbers. The paper published by Hambardzumyan in 2016 had the highest local citations. Additionally, the analysis of keywords implied that “prognosis,” “tumor microenvironment,” and “immunotherapy” might become research hotspots. Furthermore, trendy topics in GAM studies suggested that “immune infiltration,” “immune microenvironment,” “bioinformatics,” “prognosis,” and “immunotherapy” deserved additional attention. In conclusion, this bibliometric study comprehensively analyzed the publication trend of GAM studies for the past 20 years, in which the research hotspots and trendy topics were also uncovered. This information offered scholars critical references for conducting in-depth studies on GAM in the future

Experimental Study on the Failure Characteristics and Damage Evolution of Sandstones from Typical Buried Depths in High In Situ Stress Area

AbstractThis study is aimed at exploring the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of the rocks surrounding a railway tunnel in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at typical buried depths. Uniaxial compression and AE experiments were carried out on sandstones taken from the same borehole. The results show that the elastic modulus and peak strength of the 750 m depth sandstones are much higher than those of the 350 m depth sandstones. The crack evolution in the 750 m depth sandstones was more orderly, and its brittle failure characteristics were more obvious as compared with the 350 m depth sandstones. The fractal dimension of the samples from the typical depths reached the minimum value when the fracture volume state changed from compression to expansion. In addition, the damage variable based on the crack volumetric strain theory (DC) and cumulative ring counts of acoustic emission (DA) can, respectively, reflect the generation and penetration of cracks and the physical properties of rocks at the two typical depths. The combination of DC and DA can be used to analyze the evolution of the sandstone’s damage. The research results have basic theoretical significance for the excavation and geological disaster prevention of tunnels in sandstone sections at typical depths in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

A simulation study on the measurement of D0-D0bar mixing parameter y at BES-III

We established a method on measuring the \dzdzb mixing parameter $y$ for BESIII experiment at the BEPCII $e^+e^-$ collider. In this method, the doubly tagged $\psi(3770) \to D^0 \overline{D^0}$ events, with one $D$ decays to CP-eigenstates and the other $D$ decays semileptonically, are used to reconstruct the signals. Since this analysis requires good $e/\pi$ separation, a likelihood approach, which combines the $dE/dx$, time of flight and the electromagnetic shower detectors information, is used for particle identification. We estimate the sensitivity of the measurement of $y$ to be 0.007 based on a $20fb^{-1}$ fully simulated MC sample.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure