A study on Harada Shigeyoshi's Jujireki Chukai (Study of the History of Mathematics 2022)

After being introduced to Japan, the important ancient Chinese calendar, the Shoushi Calendar, was reprinted and disseminated. The Shoushili Yi in Yuan Shi·Li zhi is an important document about the ancient Chinese calendar theory. No one studied it in the Ming and Qing dynasties, but Japanese scholars in the Edo period commented on it, such as Takebe Katahiro (1664-1739), Nishimura Tōsato (1718-1787), and Harada Shigeyoshi (1740-1807), they annotated the Shoushili Yi. The article firstly verifies that the author of the Jujireki Chukai in the library affiliated to Tohoku University is Harada Shigeyoshi, not Takahashi Yoshitoki (1764-1804). Secondly, an investigation was carried out on Harada Shigeyoshi and his writings. The investigation found that there were three manuscripts of Harada Shigeyoshi's Jujireki Chukai, and the contents of the annotations and knowledge sources were verified and sorted out. It is believed that the Jujireki Chukai cited the contents of Tianwen Tujie Fahui (Nakane Genkei), Lisuan Quanshu (Mei Wending) and Juji Kai (Nishimura Tōsato) mostly. Finally, the article analyzes the annotations on “Yanqi (Collect or modify data for the solar terms)” and “Buyong Jinian Rifa (Abolition of the calendar epoch)” in Harada Shigeyoshi's Jujireki Chukai, and thinks that Harada's annotations in “Yanqi” through diagrams are commendable. The “Buyong Jinian Rifa” section is rich in annotations, which supplement the three possible situations that Li Qian and Qi Lvqian proposed to calculate Yanji Shangyuan. The two new situations which do not provide calculation procedures are similar to the methods of Li Qian and Qi Lvqian, and the other two situations are caculated by Seki Takakazu's Jianguan-Method. This method is essentially the same as that of Dayan-Zongshu-Method (Da-yan Rule) [大衍總數術]

Effects of hadronic potentials on elliptic flows in relativistic heavy ion collisions

Within the framework of a multiphase transport (AMPT) model that includes both initial partonic and final hadronic interactions, we show that including mean-field potentials in the hadronic phase leads to a splitting of the elliptic flows of particles and their antiparticles, providing thus a plausible explanation of the different elliptic flows between $p$ and ${\bar p}$, $K^+$ and $K^-$, and $\pi^+$ and $\pi^-$ observed in recent Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC).Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure

Imaging Neural Activity in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex Using Thy1-GCaMP6s Transgenic Mice

The mammalian brain exhibits marked symmetry across the sagittal plane. However, detailed description of neural dynamics in symmetric brain regions in adult mammalian animals remains elusive. In this study, we describe an experimental procedure for measuring calcium dynamics through dual optical windows above bilateral primary somatosensory corticies (S1) in Thy1-GCaMP6s transgenic mice using 2-photon (2P) microscopy. This method enables recordings and quantifications of neural activity in bilateral mouse brain regions one at a time in the same experiment for a prolonged period in vivo. Key aspects of this method, which can be completed within an hour, include minimally invasive surgery procedures for creating dual optical windows, and the use of 2P imaging. Although we only demonstrate the technique in the S1 area, the method can be applied to other regions of the living brain facilitating the elucidation of structural and functional complexities of brain neural networks

H2B: Heartbeat-based Secret Key Generation Using Piezo Vibration Sensors

We present Heartbeats-2-Bits (H2B), which is a system for securely pairing wearable devices by generating a shared secret key from the skin vibrations caused by heartbeat. This work is motivated by potential power saving opportunity arising from the fact that heartbeat intervals can be detected energy-efficiently using inexpensive and power-efficient piezo sensors, which obviates the need to employ complex heartbeat monitors such as Electrocardiogram or Photoplethysmogram. Indeed, our experiments show that piezo sensors can measure heartbeat intervals on many different body locations including chest, wrist, waist, neck and ankle. Unfortunately, we also discover that the heartbeat interval signal captured by piezo vibration sensors has low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) because they are not designed as precision heartbeat monitors, which becomes the key challenge for H2B. To overcome this problem, we first apply a quantile function-based quantization method to fully extract the useful entropy from the noisy piezo measurements. We then propose a novel Compressive Sensing-based reconciliation method to correct the high bit mismatch rates between the two independently generated keys caused by low SNR. We prototype H2B using off-the-shelf piezo sensors and evaluate its performance on a dataset collected from different body positions of 23 participants. Our results show that H2B has an overwhelming pairing success rate of 95.6%. We also analyze and demonstrate H2B's robustness against three types of attacks. Finally, our power measurements show that H2B is very power-efficient

Effect of magnetic field on the spin resonance in FeTe(0.5)Se(0.5) as seen via inelastic neutron scattering

Inelastic neutron scattering and susceptibility measurements have been performed on the optimally-doped Fe-based superconductor FeTe(0.5)Se(0.5), which has a critical temperature, Tc of 14 K. The magnetic scattering at the stripe antiferromagnetic wave-vector Q = (0.5,0.5) exhibits a "resonance" at ~ 6 meV, where the scattering intensity increases abruptly when cooled below Tc. In a 7-T magnetic field parallel to the a-b plane, Tc is slightly reduced to ~ 12 K, based on susceptibility measurements. The resonance in the neutron scattering measurements is also affected by the field. The resonance intensity under field cooling starts to rise at a lower temperature ~ 12 K, and the low temperature intensity is also reduced from the zero-field value. Our results provide clear evidence for the intimate relationship between superconductivity and the resonance measured in magnetic excitations of Fe-based superconductors.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Short-range incommensurate magnetic order near the superconducting phase boundary in Fe(1+d)Te(1-x)Se(x)

We performed elastic neutron scattering and magnetization measurements on Fe(1.07)Te(0.75)Se(0.25) and FeTe(0.7)Se(0.3). Short-range incommensurate magnetic order is observed in both samples. In the former sample with higher Fe content, a broad magnetic peak appears around (0.46,0,0.5) at low temperature, while in FeTe(0.7)Se(0.3) the broad magnetic peak is found to be closer to the antiferromagnetic (AFM) wave-vector (0.5,0,0.5). The incommensurate peaks are only observed on one side of the AFM wave-vector for both samples, which can be modeled in terms of an imbalance of ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic correlations between nearest-neighbor spins. We also find that with higher Se (and lower Fe) concentration, the magnetic order becomes weaker while the superconducting temperature and volume increase.Comment: Version as appeared in PR

Absorption of surface acoustic waves by a two-dimensional electron gas in the presence of spin-orbit interaction

A theoretical study is presented for interactions between surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the presence of spin-orbit (SO) interaction (SOI) induced by the Rashba effect. It is found that the presence of the SOI in a 2DEG can open up new channels for electronic transitions. As a result, an enhanced absorption of the SAWs by a 2DEG can be achieved through intra- and inter-SO electronic transition around the Fermi level. These results indicate that spintronic systems can be the candidate of the SAW devices