Effect of Yuanbao Maple Tea Powder with High Chlorogenic Acid Content on Bread Quality

Using Yuanbao maple leaves as raw materials, the extraction process of chlorogenic acid in leaves was optimized, and single-factor and orthogonal experiments were carried out on ultrasonic temperature, time, and solid-liquid ratio through ultrasonic extraction. The results showed that the optimal level of the experiment was when the ratio of solid to liquid was 16:1, the concentration of ethanol was 60%, and the ultrasonic time was 15 min, and the extraction amount was 6.86% (mass fraction). Under the optimal extraction process conditions, the dynamic content of chlorogenic acid in the growth cycle of Yuanbaofeng in 2020 was analyzed. The results showed that the content of chlorogenic acid in the leaves of Yuanbaofeng in June was the highest, and the content in September was the least. In order to further explore the effect of Yuanbao maple tea powder on bread quality, different proportions of Yuanbao maple tea powder were added to bread to study its sensory effects on bread. The effects of scores, moisture content, texture, polyphenol content, antioxidant activity and other qualities. The results show that the water holding capacity, elasticity and anti-oxidation of bread are the best when the addition amount of GTB is 0.5%. Less elastic, more difficult to chew, and gradually unstable antioxidant properties

The global landscape of approved antibody therapies

Antibody therapies have become an important class of therapeutics in recent years as they have exhibited outstanding efficacy and safety in the treatment of several major diseases including cancers, immune-related diseases, infectious disease and hematological disease. There has been significant progress in the global research and development landscape of antibody therapies in the past decade. In this review, we have collected available data from the Umabs Antibody Therapies Database (Umabs-DB, https://umabs.com) as of 30 June 2022. The Umabs-DB shows that 162 antibody therapies have been approved by at least one regulatory agency in the world, including 122 approvals in the US, followed by 114 in Europe, 82 in Japan and 73 in China, whereas biosimilar, diagnostic and veterinary antibodies are not included in our statistics. Although the US and Europe have been at the leading position for decades, rapid advancement has been witnessed in Japan and China in the past decade. The approved antibody therapies include 115 canonical antibodies, 14 antibody-drug conjugates, 7 bispecific antibodies, 8 antibody fragments, 3 radiolabeled antibodies, 1 antibody-conjugate immunotoxin, 2 immunoconjugates and 12 Fc-Fusion proteins. They have been developed against 91 drug targets, of which PD-1 is the most popular, with 14 approved antibody-based blockades for cancer treatment in the world. This review outlined the global landscape of the approved antibody therapies with respect to the regulation agencies, therapeutic targets and indications, aiming to provide an insight into the trends of the global development of antibody therapies

Derivation of hypermethylated pluripotent embryonic stem cells with high potency.

Naive hypomethylated embryonic pluripotent stem cells (ESCs) are developmentally closest to the preimplantation epiblast of blastocysts, with the potential to contribute to all embryonic tissues and the germline, excepting the extra-embryonic tissues in chimeric embryos. By contrast, epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) resembling postimplantation epiblast are relatively more methylated and show a limited potential for chimerism. Here, for the first time, we reveal advanced pluripotent stem cells (ASCs), which are developmentally beyond the pluripotent cells in the inner cell mass but with higher potency than EpiSCs. Accordingly, a single ASC contributes very efficiently to the fetus, germline, yolk sac and the placental labyrinth in chimeras. Since they are developmentally more advanced, ASCs do not contribute to the trophoblast. ASCs were derived from blastocysts in two steps in a chemically defined medium supplemented with Activin A and basic fibroblast growth factor, followed by culturing in ABCL medium containing ActA, BMP4, CHIR99021 and leukemia inhibitory factor. Notably, ASCs exhibit a distinct transcriptome with the expression of both naive pluripotency genes, as well as mesodermal somatic genes; Eomes, Eras, Tdgf1, Evx1, hand1, Wnt5a and distinct repetitive elements. Conversion of established ESCs to ASCs is also achievable. Importantly, ASCs exhibit a stable hypermethylated epigenome and mostly intact imprints as compared to the hypomethylated inner cell mass of blastocysts and naive ESCs. Properties of ASCs suggest that they represent cells at an intermediate cellular state between the naive and primed states of pluripotency.This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology project of Inner Mongolia (N0. 20130216), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31560335) and by Wellcome Trust Investigator Award to MAS, and by a core grant from the Wellcome Trust and CRUK to the Gurdon Institute

Activin A and BMP4 Signaling Expands Potency of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Serum-Free Media.

Inhibitors of Mek1/2 and Gsk3β, known as 2i, and, together with leukemia inhibitory factor, enhance the derivation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and promote ground-state pluripotency (2i/L-ESCs). However, recent reports show that prolonged Mek1/2 suppression impairs developmental potential of ESCs, and is rescued by serum (S/L-ESCs). Here, we show that culturing ESCs in Activin A and BMP4, and in the absence of MEK1/2 inhibitor (ABC/L medium), establishes advanced stem cells derived from ESCs (esASCs). We demonstrate that esASCs contributed to germline lineages, full-term chimeras and generated esASC-derived mice by tetraploid complementation. We show that, in contrast to 2i/L-ESCs, esASCs display distinct molecular signatures and a stable hypermethylated epigenome, which is reversible and similar to serum-cultured ESCs. Importantly, we also derived novel ASCs (blASCs) from blastocysts in ABC/L medium. Our results provide insights into the derivation of novel ESCs with DNA hypermethylation from blastocysts in chemically defined medium

Associations of HLA-DP Variants with Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Southern and Northern Han Chinese Populations: A Multicenter Case-Control Study

) locus has been reported to be associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in populations of Japan and Thailand. We aimed to examine whether the association can be replicated in Han Chinese populations. = 0.097∼0.697 and 0.198∼0.615 in northern Chinese population, respectively). loci were strongly associated with HBV infection in southern and northern Han Chinese populations, but not with HBV progression

A Research on the Combination of Oblique Photography and Mobile Applications Based on the Sustainable Development of Tourism

Tourism is one of the world’s fastest driving forces of economic development, playing an important role in achieving sustainable development goals. In modern society, mobile social media is a communication and decision-making platform for users and a source of big data information about travel. Obtaining and analyzing travel data can provide customer-oriented information about travel destinations and comprehensive services for both tourism operators and tourists. It has a positive impact on the sustainable development of society, economy, environment, and humanities. Starting with theoretical analysis and empirical research, this study combines social media and oblique photography, conducts a case study of the Pingtan comprehensive experimental area in China, and develops an app about online travelling to provide corresponding information for consumers’ decisions. This study also discusses the potential value of the app, i.e., assisting the development of smart travel in city, achieving sustainable development of tourism, and contributing to tourism globally

A Real-Time Smooth Weighted Data Fusion Algorithm for Greenhouse Sensing Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks are widely used to acquire environmental parameters to support agricultural production. However, data variation and noise caused by actuators often produce complex measurement conditions. These factors can lead to nonconformity in reporting samples from different nodes and cause errors when making a final decision. Data fusion is well suited to reduce the influence of actuator-based noise and improve automation accuracy. A key step is to identify the sensor nodes disturbed by actuator noise and reduce their degree of participation in the data fusion results. A smoothing value is introduced and a searching method based on Prim’s algorithm is designed to help obtain stable sensing data. A voting mechanism with dynamic weights is then proposed to obtain the data fusion result. The dynamic weighting process can sharply reduce the influence of actuator noise in data fusion and gradually condition the data to normal levels over time. To shorten the data fusion time in large networks, an acceleration method with prediction is also presented to reduce the data collection time. A real-time system is implemented on STMicroelectronics STM32F103 and NORDIC nRF24L01 platforms and the experimental results verify the improvement provided by these new algorithms

Analysis of the near flatness phenomenon for multi-loop closed manufacturing systems

With the recent development of the electrical vehicle (EV) industry, the study of manufacturing systems producing key components in this sector is becoming increasingly important. Multi-loop closed manufacturing systems (MCMS), whose operation and control are rarely studied in the literature, are widely used in the EV industry. This work provides innovative guidelines for MCMS operation also valid in a general context and not necessarily limited to the EV field. The main focus is on a specific topic of MCMS operation, namely the near flatness phenomenon. The near flatness indicates how system throughput is influenced by its population, i.e. the number of items circulating in the MCMS, especially in high-throughput conditions. The study of near flatness aims at enhancing MCMS flexibility in terms of population control and handling while guaranteeing high system throughput. In this work, a new indicator quantitatively describing the near flatness is provided. Numerical studies are conducted to analyze the effect of machine efficiency in isolation, mean times to repair and buffer capacities on the near flatness. Experiments are also carried out on a real case of MCMS in the EV field. Based on the experimental results, practical specifications to improve MCMS design and management are provided

A new teaching approach exploiting lab-scale models of manufacturing systems for simulation classes

Teaching in higher education is often challenging for the lack of practical implementation and difficulties in student involvement. In engineering classes, students are often deeply involved in computer laboratories and projects in which they are challenged with decision-making problems. The lack of the real system that is being modelled may hinder the effectiveness of the teaching activities. In this paper, we propose a new teaching approach based on the student’s interaction with lab-scale models of manufacturing systems. Students have the possibility to make observations, collect data, and implement improvements to a system, all within a course duration. The flexibility of the proposed approach enables its application to a wide range of courses, for instance manufacturing system engineering, production management, Industry 4.0. As case study, we target a course on simulation of manufacturing systems for industrial and mechanical engineering, in which students are asked to build, validate, and use a discrete event simulation model of a production system. The application of this project methodology changed the way of teaching simulation in the course and significantly improved students’ evaluation and satisfaction

Active learning experience in simulation class using a LEGO-based manufacturing system

Simulation classes have the main advantage of deeply involving and stimulating students through intensive work in computer laboratories and projects. The counterpart is often the lack of the real system that is subject to simulation modeling. Creating, building and validating a simulation model of a system that cannot be observed represent a real obstacle for student learning. In this paper, we describe the experience from an educational project launched in a course of manufacturing systems for mechanical engineering students in which discrete event simulation plays a fundamental role in performance evaluation. The project has been designed to exploit student interaction with a LEGO–based physical system. Students have the possibility to learn from the physical system and making experiments together with the simulation model built during project activities. The project details are also described with the hope that the project becomes a simulation case study and be replicated in other courses