Quantum Informational Dark Energy: Dark energy from forgetting

We suggest that dark energy has a quantum informational origin. Landauer's principle associated with the erasure of quantum information at a cosmic horizon implies the non-zero vacuum energy having effective negative pressure. Assuming the holographic principle, the minimum free energy condition, and the Gibbons-Hawking temperature for the cosmic event horizon we obtain the holographic dark energy with the parameter $d\simeq 1$, which is consistent with the current observational data. It is also shown that both the entanglement energy and the horizon energy can be related to Landauer's principle.Comment: revtex,8 pages, 2 figures more detailed arguments adde

Dividend and capital gains taxation under incomplete markets

Motivated by the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (JGTRRA) of 2003, the effects of capital income tax cuts are investigated in an economy with heterogeneous households and a representative, mature firm. Dividend tax cuts, contrary to capital gains tax cuts, lead to a decrease in investment and capital. This is because they increase the market value of existing capital and households require a higher return to hold this additional wealth. In line with empirical evidence, the model predicts substantial increases in dividends and stock prices. Overall, the tax cuts lead to a welfare reduction equivalent to a consumption drop of 0.5%

The effects of dye dopants on the conductivity and optical absorption properties of polypyrrole

Ten anionic compounds, including four acidic dyes, were used to dope polypyrrole powder. The effects of the dopants on density, optical absorption and conductivity of the polypyrroles were studied. The presence of the dopant in the conducting polymer matrix was verified by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Density function theory (DFT) simulation was used to understand the effect of the dopants on the solid structure, optical absorption and energy band structures. Anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid-doped polypyrrole yielded the highest conductivity. The dye-doped polypyrrole showed an enhancement in its UV&ndash;vis optical absorption.<br /

Genome assembly and visualization of aggressive wheat blast strain 16MoT01

Wheat blast, a highly destructive fungal disease caused by pathotype Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum, can cause up to 100% yield loss in wheat fields under optimal pathogen conditions. Until 2016, the disease had been confined to South America, but recent outbreaks of the disease in Asia and Africa threaten the global wheat supply. This study aims to characterize the genome structure of strain 16MoT01, which has proven to be particularly aggressive even towards wheat genotypes that have previously been resistant to blast. Genomic DNA from 16MoT01 was sequenced using Oxford Nanopore long read sequencing, assembled with Canu, and polished using Illumina reads, resulting in a finished chromosome-level assembly consisting of seven core-chromosomes, a mini-chromosome, and a mitochondrial genome. When compared to the reference genome of strain B71, the core-chromosomes show high similarity and the mini-chromosome shows a high level of divergence. The presence of mini-chromosomes will be confirmed through contour-clamped electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis. The CHEF protocol was developed using genomic DNA from a rice blast fungus. This assembly provides another reference genome and potential insights into what makes this strain so aggressive

PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SEKOLAH

Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di SMK Yapermas Jakarta. Target peserta dalam kegiatan ini yaitu seluruh guru yang berjumlah 15 orang yang terdiri dari beberapa guru bidang studi, diantaranya guru Bahasa Indonesia, Guru Matematika, Guru Bahasa Inggris, Guru PKn, Guru Bisnis Online dan Guru Akuntansi. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai “Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah”. Karena pada umumnya masih banyak guru yang belum menerapkan pendidikan karakter di kelasnya, oleh karena itu tim dosen pengabdian masyarakat Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Indraprasta PGRI tertarik untuk memberikan sedikit ilmu untuk perkembangan kemajuan guru-guru khususnya di SMK Yapermas. Secara umum kegiatan dapat dinilai sangat baik dan berjalan lancar. Kreativitas guru dalam menanamkan nilai karakter yang baik pada para siswa tentu saja menjadi salah satu faktor pendukung dalam memaksimalkan hasil implementasi yang dilakukan. Dengan begitu setiap pembelajaran nilai pendidikan karakter mampu diimplementasikan secara tepat. Memberikan sisipan ungkapan bijak atau kata mutiara termasuk hadits serta sunnah bisa diterapkan secara perlahan. Sedikit demi sedikit akan memberikan pengaruh yang tertancap dalam pikiran para siswa. Tentunya kita sebagai guru juga harus melihat bagaimana perubahan karakter siswa setelah diberikan implementasi pendidikan karakter. Sehingga dari hasil evaluasi yang didapatkan dapat dilakukan perubahan penerapan pendidikan karakter pada siswa jika diperlukan

ALMA Imaging of Gas and Dust in a Galaxy Protocluster at Redshift 5.3: [CII] Emission in "Typical" Galaxies and Dusty Starbursts ~1 Billion Years after the Big Bang

We report interferometric imaging of [CII] and OH emission toward the center of the galaxy protocluster associated with the z=5.3 submillimeter galaxy (SMG) AzTEC-3, using the Atacama Large (sub)Millimeter Array (ALMA). We detect strong [CII], OH, and rest-frame 157.7 um continuum emission toward the SMG. The [CII] emission is distributed over a scale of 3.9 kpc, implying a dynamical mass of 9.7 x 10^10 Msun, and a star formation rate (SFR) surface density of Sigma_SFR = 530 Msun/yr/kpc2. This suggests that AzTEC-3 forms stars at Sigma_SFR approaching the Eddington limit for radiation pressure supported disks. We find that the OH emission is slightly blueshifted relative to the [CII] line, which may indicate a molecular outflow associated with the peak phase of the starburst. We also detect and dynamically resolve [CII] emission over a scale of 7.5 kpc toward a triplet of Lyman-break galaxies with moderate UV-based SFRs in the protocluster at ~95kpc projected distance from the SMG. These galaxies are not detected in the continuum, suggesting far-infrared SFRs of <18-54 Msun/yr, consistent with a UV-based estimate of 22 Msun/yr. The spectral energy distribution of these galaxies is inconsistent with nearby spiral and starburst galaxies, but resembles those of dwarf galaxies. This is consistent with expectations for young starbursts without significant older stellar populations. This suggests that these galaxies are significantly metal-enriched, but not heavily dust-obscured, "normal" star-forming galaxies at z>5, showing that ALMA can detect the interstellar medium in "typical" galaxies in the very early universe.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables, to appear in ApJ (accepted October 15, 2014