SA scientist one of the top five female physical scientists

South African scientist Professor Tebello Nyokong scoops 2009 L’ORÉAL-UNESCO For Women in Science Award. Announced on November 10, South African scientist Professor Tebello Nyokong has become the first South African scientist to win the L’ORÉALUNESCO award for women in science for research in physical sciences

Primary Health Care in Omaha, Nebraska: A Case Study of Nine Primary Health Care Centers

The provision of health care has always been a declared policy of many governments, and every nation in the modern world has a health care system through which its people can get health services. The characteristics of these systems vary greatly with the nation\u27s economic level and political structure

Curiosity first, applications later

Tebello Nyokong speaks to Robert Berold and Janice Limson about her career as a chemist. Tebello Nyokong, who holds a research chair in medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology at Rhodes University, has become the first South African scientist to win the L’Oreal-UNESCO award for women in science, in the physical sciences. Only one laureate is selected from each of five world regions, and Nyokong is the 2009 laureate for Africa and the Arab states. She and the winners from the other four regions travel to Paris in March to each accept the award and a generous prize of close to R1 million. Nyokong now heads the new Nanotechnology Innovation Centre for medical sensors: the biggest single research investment in the history of Rhodes. Linked to other nanotechnology centres in the country, it is designed to bridge the gap between research and the market

HUBUNGAN KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN PRE OPERASI LAPARATOMI DI RUANG BEDAH RSUD DR. ABDUL AZIZ SINGKAWANG TAHUN 2020

Operasi atau pembedahan adalah suatu penanganan medis secara invansive yang dilakukan untuk mendiagnosa atau mengobati penyakit, injuri, atau deformitas tubuh. Salah satu jenis operasi besar dilakukan adalah laparatomi. Laparatomi merupakan jenis operasi bedah mayor yang dilakukan di daerah abdomen. Pasien dalam menghadapi pembedahan dapat mengalami kecemasan. Hal tersebut dapat terjadi karena takut nyeri dan operasi yang gagal. Komunikasi terapeutik memberikan pengertian antara perawat dan klien dengan tujuan membantu klien memperjelas dan mengurangi beban pikiran serta diharapkan dapat menghilangkan kecemasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara komunikasi terapeutik perawat dengan tingkat kecemasan pasien pre operasi laparatomi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analitik correlation dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang yang diambil secara Non Probability Sampling dengan pendekatan Consecutive Sampling. Hasil uji chi-square didapatkan p value 0,008 < 0,05 (Ha diterima). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah adanya hubungan komunikasi terapeutik dengan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien pre operasi laparatomi di ruang bedah RSUD dr. Abdul Aziz Singkawang. Saran hasil penelitian dapat digunakan bagi profesi keperawatan, bagi institusi rumah sakit, bagi responden dan bagi peneliti selanjutnya. Semoga penelitian yang telah dilakukan ini dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik untuk pemberian pelayanan kesehatan kedepannya. Serta diharapkan lebih meningkatkan lagi komunikasi terapeutik dalam pemberian informasi tentang pra bedah

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PROSEDUR OPERASI DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN PRE OPERASI LAPARATOMI RSUD dr. ABDUL AZIS SINGKAWANG TAHUN 2019

Laparotomy is an major surgical operation in the abdomen. The surgery did by incised each of abdomen layers in order to reach the problem organ such as haemorrhage, perforation, cancer, and obstruction. Pre surgical operation patient anxiety can be caused by various factors, one of them is knowledge factor in applying prevention of anxiety in patient pre surgical operation. Purpose research to acknowledge the relation of surgery procedure acknowledgement with the anxiety level towards the pre laparotomy surgery patients at dr. Abdul Aziz public hospital of Singkawang  in 2019. The research methods which used is a cross sectional design,  sample  withdrawal technique were used the questioners for the acknowledgement which consists of 15 questions and questioners for the anxiety level which consists 14 questions. The number of sample in this research are 34 respondents. Data analysis were used the chi square. The result of the research of the relation between the  surgery procedure acknowledgement  with the anxiety level is p value 0.00 with the significant value 0.05, so the p value <0.05 (Ha accepted). The conclusion of this research, there is a relation between surgery procedure acknowledgement  with the anxiety level towards the pre laparotomy surgery patients at dr. Abdul Aziz public hospital of Singkawang  in 2019. For the nursing profession, for the hospital and the next researcher and for the respondents hopefully this research can be useful and enhance the medical services to be better in the future.. Keywords: surgery procedure, anxiety level, pre laparotomy surger

Application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to enhance anodic performance of an Enterobacter cloacae-based fuel cell

The effect of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modification of anodes and the optimisation of relevant parameters thereof for application in an Enterobacter cloacae microbial fuel cell were examined. The H – type microbial fuel cells were used for the fundamental studies, with a carbon sheet as a control anode and platinum coated carbon sheets as the cathode. Anodes were correspondingly modified with MWCNTs dispersed in either 0.1% chitosan or 1% Nafion®. Maximum power output wasobserved four hours after inoculation of the anode chamber with the microorganism. A 252.6% increase in power output of the fuel cell was observed at an anode modified with 10 mg MWCNTs/ml dispersed in0.1% chitosan compared to unmodified anodes (13.8 ìW). MWCNTs dispersed in chitosan yielded nearly 50% greater power outputs than when dispersed in Nafion®; attributed to increased aggregation in the latter as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy imaging. When NafionTM 117 membrane was used as a proton exchanger it generally resulted in higher power outputs than the CMI 7000S membrane. These studies also showed that the time-consuming carboxylic acid functionalisation of MWCNT for such applications is not a necessary requirement for enhancing power outputs. The studies thus illustrate the utility of a MWCNT modified anode as a support matrix for E. cloacae in a microbial fuel cell and provide clarity on parameters which can be applied to other such studies in the emergingarea of nanostructured material utilisation in alternative energy generation

HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI DENGAN LATIHAN MOBILISASI DINI PASIEN POST OPERASI APPENDIKTOMI DI RUANG BEDAH RSUD dr. ABDUL AZIZ SINGKAWANG TAHUN 2020

Operasi usus buntu atau operasi pengangkatan usus buntu adalah operasi perut darurat yang sering dilakukan di berbagai negara di dunia. Latihan mobilisasi pada pasien pasca operasi dapat mempertahankan keadaan homeostasis dan komplikasi yang timbul akibat imobilisasi dapat dikurangi seminimal mungkin. Ketakutan akan mengendur atau robeknya luka pasca operasi menyebabkan informan menjadi malas untuk melakukan mobilisasi dini. Suatu latihan gerak memerlukan motivasi atau rangsangan dorongan serta daya pembangkitan yang dimiliki oleh seseorang agar orang tersebut menunjukkan perilakunya terhadap latihan gerak. Semakin kuat motivasi seseorang maka akan semakin cepat mencapai tujuan dan kepuasan. Mengetahui hubungan motivasi dengan latihan mobilisasi dini pada pasien post operasi apendektomi di Ruang Operasi RSUD dr. Abdul Aziz Singkawang pada tahun 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional prediktif. Metode pendekatan menggunakan studi penelitian cross sectional. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik korelasi chi square. Teknik pengambilan sampel berupa non probability sampling pada pasien post operasi usus buntu dengan jumlah sampel 30 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket tahapan motivasi dan observasi latihan mobilisasi. Hasil menggambarkan bahwa di ruang bedah RSUD dr. Abdul Aziz Singkawang tahun 2020 sebagian dari responden mempunyai motivasi yang kurang yaitu terdapat 15 responden (50%) dan kurang melakukan mobilisasi dini yaitu terdapat 12 responden (40%). Dari penghitungan statistik dengan uji chi square dengan nilai p value 0,020 yang berarti bahwa, nilai tersebut lebih kecil dari nilai signifikansi yaitu 0,05 oleh karena itulah maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan motivasi dengan latihan mobilisasi dini

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP SIKAP PERAWAT DALAM PERAWATAN PALIATIF PADA PASIEN KANKER DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM dr SOEDARSO PONTIANAK

Penyakit kanker merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi penyebab kematian utama di seluruh dunia. Kanker   memiliki tantangan   tersendiri   bagi   penderitanya   karena   penyakit   ini   dapat mempengaruhi fisik, psikologis, sosial, ekonomi dan spiritual.  Word Health Organization (WHO) mendefinisikan perawatan paliatif merupakan sebagai pencegahan dan pengurangan penderita pasien dewasa anak-anak dan keluarga pasien menghadapi masalah yang terkait dengan penyakit kronis dan terminal. Mengetahui Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Sikap Perawat alam Perawatan Paliatif Pada Pasien Kanker Di Rumah Sakit Umum Dr Soedarso Pontianak. Penelitian ini adalah observasi analitik dengan dengan desain cross sectional. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan responden yang mempunyai pengetahuan baik 42 responden sedangkan pada perawat yang mempunyai pengetahuan kurang baik 27 responden, responden yang mempunyai sikap yang baik sebanyak 30 responden sedangkan yang mempunyai sikap kurang baik sebanyak 39 responden. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan sikap perawat dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan palitif pada pasien kanker. Diharapakan bagi penelitian selanjutnya untuk menganalisis lebih jauh terkait hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap perawat dalam memberikan perawatan paliatif

Electrochemical studies of metal-ligand interactions and of metal binding proteins

Electrochemical methods were researched for the analysis of metals, proteins and the identification of metal binding proteins. Adsorptive cathodic stripping voltamrnetry for metal analysis combines the inherent sensitivity of electrochemical techniques with the specificity of ligands for the nonfaradaic preconcentration of analytes at the electrode. The utility of catechol, resorcinol, 4-methylcatechol and 4-t-butylcatechol as ligands was explored for the sensitive analysis of copper, bismuth, cadmium and lead on a mercury film glassy carbon electrode. Metal complexes of lead, copper and bismuth with resorcinol showed the largest increase in current with increase in metal concentration, whereas complexes of these metals with 4-t-butylcatechol showed the lowest current response. Cadmium showed the highest current responses with 4-methylcatechol. The four metals could be determined simultaneously in the presence of resorcinol, although considerable interference was observed between bismuth and copper. The electroanalysis of cysteine and cysteine containing proteins at carbon electrodes are impaired by slow electron transfer rates at carbon electrodes, exhibiting high overpotentials, greater than 1 V vs Ag! Agel. Metallophthalocyanines have been shown to promote the electrocatalysis of cysteine at lowered potentials. Chemical modification of electrodes with appropriate modifiers is a means of incorporating specificity into electroanalysis, with applications in electrocatalysis. A glassy carbon electrode was modified by electrodeposition of cobalt (II) tetrasulphophthalocyanine [Co(II)TSPct to produce a chemically modified glassy carbon electrode (CMGCE). The CoTSPc-CMGCE catalysed the oxidation of cysteine in the pH range 1 to 10. The significance of this electrode is an application for analysis of proteins at biological pH's. A biscyanoruthenium(II) phthalocyanine CMGCE catalysed the oxidation of cysteine at 0.43 V vs Ag/AgCl a significant lowering in the overpotential for the oxidation of cysteine. Metallothionein, a metal binding protein, is believed to be involved in metal homeostasis and detoxification in the peripheral organs of living systems. A method for the quantitative determination of this protein utilising its high cysteine content was presented. At pH 8.4 Tris-HCl buffer, and using a CoTSPc-CMGCE modified by electrodeposition of the modifier, the anodic peaks for the oxidation of metallothionein was observed at 0. 90 V vs Ag/ AgCI. Ferredoxin is a simple iron-sulphur protein. One tenth of its residues are cysteine. Ferredoxin is involved in simple electron transfer processes during photosynthesis and respiration. Electrochemical studies of spinach ferredoxin were conducted at a CoTSPc-CMGCE. Anodic currents for the oxidation of the cysteine fragment of ferredoxin was observed at 0.85 V vs Ag/AgCl in HEPES buffer at pH 7.4, representing a new method for analysis of this protein. Voltammetric studies of its ferric/ferrous transition have shown quasi-reversible waves atE~ -0.62 V vs Ag/AgCl only in the presence of promoters. At a CoTSPc-CMGCE, a cathodic wave attributed to the reduction of Fe(III)/Fe(II) was observed at Epc -0.34 V vs Ag/AgCl. This represents an alternative method for voltammetric studies of the ferric/ferrous transition at significantly lowered potentials. Melatonin, a pineal gland hormone functions m setting and entraining circadian rhythms and in neuroprotection as a free radical scavenger and general antioxidant. Using adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry, the binding affinities of melatonin, serotonin and tryptophan for metals, were measured. The results showed that the following metal complexes were formed: aluminium with melatonin, serotonin and tryptophan; cadmium with melatonin and tryptophan; copper with melatonin and serotonin; iron (III) with melatonin and serotonin; lead with melatonin, tryptophan and serotonin, zinc with melatonin and tryptophan and iron (II) with tryptophan. The studies suggest a further role for melatonin in the reduction of free radical generation and in metal detoxification and may explain the accumulation of aluminium in Alzheimer's disease

A novel biosensor for the detection and monitoring of -d-galactosidase of faecal origin in water

A voltammetric sensor prepared by the immobilization of metallophthalocyanine complexes onto a glassy carbon electrode has been developed for the detection of β-d-galactosidase (B-GAL) of faecal origin in water. Electrooxidation of chlorophenol red, a breakdown product of the chromogenic substrate chlorophenol red β-d-galactopyranoside, was used as a measure of β-d-galactosidase activity. At metallophthalocyanine modified electrodes, in particular copper(II) phthalocyanine, a decrease in electrode fouling was observed. The sensor was sensitive to fluctuations in pH, not significantly affected by temperature variations and could detect one colony forming unit/100 mL in 15 min. Loss of 40% sensitivity was observed over a period of 30 days. A strong correlation between sensor sensitivity and colony forming units was observed. The sensor is capable of detecting viable but nonculturable bacteria, overcoming this drawback of the use of culture media for detection of coliforms