227 research outputs found
Downtown Manor and Outer Limits July Schedule
Flyer showing the July weekend schedule for Downtown Manor and Outer Limits.https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/mdlevents/1003/thumbnail.jp
Quantum Weak Coin Flipping
We investigate weak coin flipping, a fundamental cryptographic primitive
where two distrustful parties need to remotely establish a shared random bit. A
cheating player can try to bias the output bit towards a preferred value. For
weak coin flipping the players have known opposite preferred values. A weak
coin-flipping protocol has a bias if neither player can force the
outcome towards their preferred value with probability more than
. While it is known that all classical protocols have
, Mochon showed in 2007 [arXiv:0711.4114] that quantumly
weak coin flipping can be achieved with arbitrarily small bias (near perfect)
but the best known explicit protocol has bias (also due to Mochon, 2005
[Phys. Rev. A 72, 022341]). We propose a framework to construct new explicit
protocols achieving biases below . In particular, we construct explicit
unitaries for protocols with bias approaching . To go below, we introduce
what we call the Elliptic Monotone Align (EMA) algorithm which, together with
the framework, allows us to numerically construct protocols with arbitrarily
small biases.Comment: 98 pages split into 3 parts, 10 figures; For updates and contact
information see https://atulsingharora.github.io/WCF. Version 2 has minor
improvements. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1402.7166 by other
author
Anthropics and Myopics: Conditional Probabilities and the Cosmological Constant
We re-examine claims that anthropic arguments provide an explanation for the
observed smallness of the cosmological constant, and argue that correlations
between the cosmological constant value and the existence of life can be
demonstrated only under restrictive assumptions. Causal effects are more subtle
to uncover.Comment: revised to PRL format, additional references and discussion to
related work revise
市場機構の機能と限界
Ⅰ 自由主義体制の確立 Ⅱ 市場の機能とその前提 Ⅲ 国家の政策と利益団体の生成 Ⅳ 三重の調整メカニズ
Alternative approach to in the uMSSM
The gluino contributions to the Wilson coefficients for are calculated within the unconstrained MSSM. New stringent bounds on
the and mass insertion parameters are
obtained in the limit in which the SM and SUSY contributions to
approximately cancel. Such a cancellation can plausibly appear within several
classes of SUSY breaking models in which the trilinear couplings exhibit a
factorized structure proportional to the Yukawa matrices. Assuming this
cancellation takes place, we perform an analysis of the decay. We
show that in a supersymmetric world such an alternative is reasonable and it is
possible to saturate the branching ratio and produce a CP
asymmetry of up to 20%, from only the gluino contribution to
coefficients. Using photon polarization a LR asymmetry can be defined that in
principle allows for the and contributions to the decay to be disentangled. In this scenario no constraints on the ``sign
of '' can be derived.Comment: LaTeX2e, 23 pages, 7 ps figure, needs package epsfi
Valletta : Streets of History : documenting the process of developing a location-based game in the area of Maltese history and culture
Playing Maltese History is a project funded by Malta Arts Council involving the research for and development of a mobile AR game about the cultural history of Malta titled Valletta: Streets of History (Bewitched Mitches 2023), officially released in March of this year. As a concept, it was conceived in an effort to bridge the gap between historical research and detective games; or rather to make the profound connections between the two practices explicit. The design of the game attempts to simulate the process of conducting archival research by situating the player in the role of a detective-historian who unearths details from Maltese history and culture, which are not generally foregrounded in the textbooks. The game invites the player to trace these events in actual locations by means of geolocation mechanics and AR elements. It additionally employs more traditional methods of ludic engagement, like puzzles and scoring games, which are thematically adapted to reflect the historical content of the game. In this paper, the development team first analyses the research supporting the project by highlighting the affinities between historical research and detective games. In the second part, we document the process of development from conceptualisation and funding application to research and implementation up to dissemination. In this, we aim to contribute to the theoretical discussion around game design methods and approaches, especially within the context of historical games, as well as providing a practical example of game development and distribution for other interested game designers and academics.peer-reviewe
On non-gaussianities in single-field inflation
We study the impact of higher dimension operators in the inflaton Lagrangian
on the non-gaussianity of the scalar spectrum. These terms can strongly enhance
the effect without spoiling slow-roll, though it is difficult to exceed f_NL ~
1, because the scale which suppresses the operators cannot be too low, if we
want the effective field theory description to make sense. In particular we
explicitly calculate the 3-point function given by an higher derivative
interaction of the form (\nabla\phi)^4, which is expected to give the most
important contribution. The angular dependence of the result turns out to be
quite different from the minimal case without higher dimension operators.Comment: 10 page
The effects of aging of scientists on their publication and citation patterns
The average age at which U.S. researchers get their first grant from NIH has
increased from 34.3 in 1970, to 41.7 in 2004. These data raise the crucial
question of the effects of aging on the scientific creativity and productivity
of researchers. Those who worry about the aging of scientists usually believe
that the younger they are the more creative and productive they will be. Using
a large population of 13,680 university professors in Quebec, we show that,
while scientific productivity rises sharply between 28 and 40, it increases at
a slower pace between 41 and 50 and stabilizes afterward until retirement for
the most active researchers. The average scientific impact per paper decreases
linearly until 50-55 years old, but the average number of papers in highly
cited journals and among highly cited papers rises continuously until
retirement. Our results clearly show for the first time the natural history of
the scientific productivity of scientists over their entire career and bring to
light the fact that researchers over 55 still contribute significantly to the
scientific community by producing high impact papers.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Cancer effects of formaldehyde: a proposal for an indoor air guideline value
Formaldehyde is a ubiquitous indoor air pollutant that is classified as “Carcinogenic to humans (Group 1)” (IARC, Formaldehyde, 2-butoxyethanol and 1-tert-butoxypropanol-2-ol. IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, vol 88. World Health Organization, Lyon, pp 39–325, 2006). For nasal cancer in rats, the exposure–response relationship is highly non-linear, supporting a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) that allows setting a guideline value. Epidemiological studies reported no increased incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer in humans below a mean level of 1 ppm and peak levels below 4 ppm, consistent with results from rat studies. Rat studies indicate that cytotoxicity-induced cell proliferation (NOAEL at 1 ppm) is a key mechanism in development of nasal cancer. However, the linear unit risk approach that is based on conservative (“worst-case”) considerations is also used for risk characterization of formaldehyde exposures. Lymphohematopoietic malignancies are not observed consistently in animal studies and if caused by formaldehyde in humans, they are high-dose phenomenons with non-linear exposure–response relationships. Apparently, these diseases are not reported in epidemiological studies at peak exposures below 2 ppm and average exposures below 0.5 ppm. At the similar airborne exposure levels in rodents, the nasal cancer effect is much more prominent than lymphohematopoietic malignancies. Thus, prevention of nasal cancer is considered to prevent lymphohematopoietic malignancies. Departing from the rat studies, the guideline value of the WHO (Air quality guidelines for Europe, 2nd edn. World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, pp 87–91, 2000), 0.08 ppm (0.1 mg m−3) formaldehyde, is considered preventive of carcinogenic effects in compliance with epidemiological findings
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