PEMBELAJARAN LUKIS TOTEBAG PADA MATA PELAJARAN SENI BUDAYA DI KELAS X MIA 3 SMA NEGERI 3 BOYOLALI TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018

ABSTRAK Muhammad Fahmi Al Amiq. PEMBELAJARAN LUKIS PADA TOTEBAG DALAM MATA PELAJARAN SENI BUDAYA DI KELAS X MIA 3 SMA NEGERI 3 BOYOLALI TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018. Skripsi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Januari 2018. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) Proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran Lukis Totebag di kelas X MIA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Dan (2) Bagaimana bentuk hasil karya Lukis Totebag yang dihasilkan siswa di kelas X MIA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah informan yang dipilih yaitu Bapak Subandiyo S.Pd selaku guru mata pelajaran seni budaya di kelas X MIA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali, serta foto proses pembelajaran, hasil karya siswa dan dokumen arsip. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah observasi langsung, wawancara terstruktur dan mendalam, serta dokumentasi. Uji validitas data dilakukan dengan membandingkan sumber data yang di peroleh berupa daftar hasil wawancara dengan Bapak Subandiyo S.Pd selaku guru mata pelajaran Seni Budaya dengan siswa di kelas X MIA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali, serta review informant. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis mengalir, yaitu: reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pembelajaran Lukis Totebag diawali dengan pembuatan RPP, selanjutnya pembelajaran dilaksanakan selama tiga kali pertemuan. Strategi yang digunakan guru dalam pembelajaran ini adalah pendekatan scientific. Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan meliputi metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, dan pemberian tugas. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan berupa slide power point dan media visual berupa sampel karya dari guru. Evaluasi pembelajaran dilakukan dengan menilai aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Proses pembuatan karya dilakukan dengan beberapa langkah, yaitu membuat sketsa, proses pewarnaan, dan finishing. (2) Secara umum pembuatan karya lukis totebag siswa sudah baik, teknik lukis pada pewarnaan dan finishing dalam membuat karya lukis totebag sudah baik. Karya lukis totebag yang dihasilkan oleh siswa sudah mengandung unsur-unsur seni rupa, yaitu: garis, bentuk, bidang, gelap terang, dan warna. Selain itu, karya lukis totebag yang dihasilkan oleh siswa juga sudah mengandung prinsip-prinsip seni rupa, yaitu: irama (rhytm), dominasi (dominance), keseimbangan (balance), kesatuan (unity), keserasian (harmony), dan kesebandingan (proportion). Kata Kunci: Seni Budaya, Pembelajaran Seni Rupa, Lukis Toteba

Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanocrystals in Droplet Reactors: The Pros and Cons of Interfacial Adsorption

Droplet reactors have received considerable attention in recent years as an alternative route to the synthesis and potentially high-volume production of colloidal metal nanocrystals. Interfacial adsorption will immediately become an important issue to address when one seeks to translate a nanocrystal synthesis from batch reactors to droplet reactors due to the involvement of higher surface-to-volume ratios for the droplets and the fact that nanocrystals tend to be concentrated at the water–oil interface. Here we report a systematic study to compare the pros and cons of interfacial adsorption of metal nanocrystals during their synthesis in droplet reactors. On the one hand, interfacial adsorption can be used to generate nanocrystals with asymmetric shapes or structures, including one-sixth-truncated Ag octahedra and Au–Ag nanocups. On the other hand, interfacial adsorption has to be mitigated to obtain nanocrystals with uniform sizes and controlled shapes. We confirmed that Triton X-100, a nonionic surfactant, could effectively alleviate interfacial adsorption while imposing no impact on the capping agent typically needed for a shape-controlled synthesis. With the introduction of a proper surfactant, droplet reactors offer an attractive platform for the continuous production of colloidal metal nanocrystals

Seed-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanocrystals with Controlled Sizes and Shapes in Droplet Microreactors Separated by Air

Silver nanocrystals with uniform sizes were synthesized in droplet microreactors through seed-mediated growth. The key to the success of this synthesis is the use of air as a carrier phase to generate the droplets. The air not only separates the reaction solution into droplets but also provides O₂ for the generation of reducing agent (glycolaldehyde). It also serves as a buffer space for the diffusion of NO, which is formed <i>in situ</i> due to the oxidative etching of Ag nanocrystals with twin defects. For the first time, we were able to generate Ag nanocrystals with controlled sizes and shapes in continuous production by using droplet microreactors. For Ag nanocubes, their edge lengths could be readily controlled in the range of 30–100 nm by varying the reaction time, the amount of seeds, and the concentration of AgNO₃ in the droplets. Furthermore, we demonstrated the synthesis of Ag octahedra in the droplet microreactors. We believe that the air-driven droplet generation device can be extended to other noble metals for the production of nanocrystals with controlled sizes and shapes

On-Nanowire Spatial Band Gap Design for White Light Emission

We demonstrated a substrate-moving vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) route for growing composition gradient ZnCdSSe alloy nanowires. Relying on temperature-selected composition deposition along their lengths, single tricolor ZnCdSSe alloy nanowires with engineerable band gap covering the entire visible range were obtained. The photometric property of these tricolor nanowires, which was determined by blue-, green-, and red-color emission intensities, can be in turn controlled by their corresponding emission lengths. More particularly, under carefully selected growth conditions, on-nanowire white light emission has been achieved. Band-gap-engineered semiconductor alloy nanowires demonstrated here may find applications in broad band light absorption and emission devices

Dynamical Color-Controllable Lasing with Extremely Wide Tuning Range from Red to Green in a Single Alloy Nanowire Using Nanoscale Manipulation

Multicolor lasing and dynamic color-tuning in a wide spectrum range are challenging to realize but critically important in many areas of technology and daily life, such as general lighting, display, multicolor detection, and multiband communication. By exploring nanoscale growth and manipulation, we have demonstrated the first active dynamical color control of multicolor lasing, continuously tunable between red and green colors separated by 107 nm in wavelength. This is achieved in a purposely engineered single CdSSe alloy nanowire with composition varied along the wire axis. By looping the wide-gap end of the alloy nanowire through nanoscale manipulation, two largely independent (only weakly coupled) laser cavities are formed respectively for the green and red color modes. Our approach simultaneously overcomes the two fundamental challenges for multicolor lasing in material growth and cavity design. Such multicolor lasing and continuous color tuning in a wide spectral range represents a new paradigm shift and would eventually enable color-by-design and white-color lasers for lighting, illumination, and many other applications

Twisted Optical Micro/Nanofibers Enabled Detection of Subtle Temperature Variation

The detection of subtle temperature variation plays an important role in many applications, including proximity sensing in robotics, temperature measurements in microfluidics, and tumor monitoring in healthcare. Herein, a flexible miniaturized optical temperature sensor is fabricated by embedding twisted micro/nanofibers in a thin layer of polydimethylsiloxane. Enabled by the dramatic change of the coupling ratio under subtle temperature variation, the sensor exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity (−30 nm/°C) and high resolution (0.0012 °C). As a proof-of-concept demonstration, a robotic arm equipped with our sensor can avoid undesired collisions by detecting the subtle temperature variation caused by the existence of a human. Moreover, benefiting from the miniaturized and engineerable sensing structure, real-time measurement of subtle temperature variation in microfluidic chips is realized. These initial results pave the way toward a category of optical sensing devices ranging from robotic skin to human–machine interfaces and implantable healthcare sensors

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Continuous and Scalable Production of Well-Controlled Noble-Metal Nanocrystals in Milliliter-Sized Droplet Reactors

Noble-metal nanocrystals are essential to applications in a variety of areas, including catalysis, electronics, and photonics. Despite the large number of reports, there still exists a gap between academic studies and industrial applications due to the lack of ability to produce the nanocrystals in large quantities while still maintaining the good uniformity and precise controls. Because the nucleation and growth of colloidal nanocrystals are highly sensitive to experimental conditions, it is impractical to scale up their production by simply increasing the reaction volume. Here we report a new and practical approach based on milliliter-sized droplet reactors to the scalable production of nanocrystals. The droplets of 0.25 mL in volume were produced as a continuous flow in a fluidic device assembled from commercially available components. As a proof of concept, we have synthesized Pd, Au, and Pd-M (M = Au, Pt, and Ag) nanocrystals with controlled sizes, shapes, compositions, and structures on a scale of 1–10 g per hour (e.g., 3.6 g per hour for Pd cubes of 10 nm in edge length)

Single Nanowire Optical Correlator

Integration of miniaturized elements has been a major driving force behind modern photonics. Nanowires have emerged as potential building blocks for compact photonic circuits and devices in nanophotonics. We demonstrate here a single nanowire optical correlator (SNOC) for ultrafast pulse characterization based on imaging of the second harmonic (SH) generated from a cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanowire by counterpropagating guided pulses. The SH spatial image can be readily converted to the temporal profile of the pulses, and only an overall pulse energy of 8 μJ is needed to acquire a clear image of 200 fs pulses. Such a correlator should be easily incorporated into a photonic circuit for future use of on-chip ultrafast optical technology